Android6.0动态权限申请

goggle在Android6.0要求部分权限需要动态申请，直接下载AndroidManifest.xml中无效

• 6.0权限的基本知识，以下是需要单独申请的权限，共分为9组，
• 每组只要有一个权限申请成功了，就默认整组权限都可以使用了。

group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS    
    permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

  group:android.permission-group.PHONE
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE 
    permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
    permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
    permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL

  group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR

  group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
    permission:android.permission.CAMERA

  group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
    permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

  group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

  group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

  group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
    permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO

  group:android.permission-group.SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
    permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

• 以下是普通权限，只需要在AndroidManifest.xml中申请即可

android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
  android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
  android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
  android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
  android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE
  android.permission.BLUETOOTH
  android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
  android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY
  android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE
  android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD
  android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
  android.permission.FLASHLIGHT
  android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
  android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
  android.permission.INTERNET
  android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
  android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
  android.permission.NFC
  android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
  android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS
  android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
  android.permission.REORDER_TASKS
  android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
  android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE
  android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER
  android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
  android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ
  android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR
  android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT
  android.permission.VIBRATE
  android.permission.WAKE_LOCK
  android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
  com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM
  com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT
  com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT

1. 将targetSdkVersion设置为23，注意，如果你将targetSdkVersion设置为>=23，则必须按照Android谷歌的要求，动态的申请权限，如果你暂时不打算支持动态权限申请，则targetSdkVersion最大只能设置为22
2.  在AndroidManifest.xml中申请你需要的权限，包括普通权限和需要申请的特殊权限。

开始申请权限，此处分为3部。

• （1）检查是否由此权限checkSelfPermission()，如果已经开启，则直接做你想做的。

• （2）如果未开启，则判断是否需要向用户解释为何申请权限shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale。

• （3）如果需要（即返回true），则可以弹出对话框提示用户申请权限原因，用户确认后申请权限requestPermissions()，如果不需要（即返回false），则直接申请权限requestPermissions()。
  （这里是一部门代码，底部有比较完善的代码，整个demo可以在github中下载）。

/**
         * Requests permission.
         *
         * @param activity
         * @param requestCode request code, e.g. if you need request CAMERA permission,parameters is PermissionUtils.CODE_CAMERA
         */
        public static void requestPermission(final Activity activity, final int requestCode, PermissionGrant permissionGrant) {
            if (activity == null) {
                return;
            }

            Log.i(TAG, "requestPermission requestCode:" + requestCode);
            if (requestCode < 0 || requestCode >= requestPermissions.length) {
                Log.w(TAG, "requestPermission illegal requestCode:" + requestCode);
                return;
            }

            final String requestPermission = requestPermissions[requestCode];

            //如果是6.0以下的手机，ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission()会始终等于PERMISSION_GRANTED，
        // 但是，如果用户关闭了你申请的权限(如下图，在安装的时候，将一些权限关闭了)，ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission()则可能会导致程序崩溃(java.lang.RuntimeException: Unknown exception code: 1 msg null)，
        // 你可以使用try{}catch(){},处理异常，也可以判断系统版本，低于23就不申请权限，直接做你想做的。permissionGrant.onPermissionGranted(requestCode);
//        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
//            permissionGrant.onPermissionGranted(requestCode);
//            return;
//        }

            int checkSelfPermission;
            try {
                checkSelfPermission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, requestPermission);
            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                Toast.makeText(activity, "please open this permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
                Log.e(TAG, "RuntimeException:" + e.getMessage());
                return;
            }

            if (checkSelfPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                Log.i(TAG, "ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED");


                if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, requestPermission)) {
                    Log.i(TAG, "requestPermission shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale");
                    shouldShowRationale(activity, requestCode, requestPermission);

                } else {
                    Log.d(TAG, "requestCameraPermission else");
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{requestPermission}, requestCode);
                }

            } else {
                Log.d(TAG, "ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission ==== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED");
                Toast.makeText(activity, "opened:" + requestPermissions[requestCode], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//得到权限的时候，就可以在回调里面做你想做的事情了
                permissionGrant.onPermissionGranted(requestCode);
            }
        }

一次申请多个权限

其实和申请一个权限是一样的，只是requestPermissions(final @NonNull Activity activity,
final @NonNull String[] permissions, final int requestCode),里面的permissions给的参数多些而已。

 /**
     * 一次申请多个权限
     */
    public static void requestMultiPermissions(final Activity activity, PermissionGrant grant) {

        final List<String> permissionsList = getNoGrantedPermission(activity, false);
        final List<String> shouldRationalePermissionsList = getNoGrantedPermission(activity, true);

        //TODO checkSelfPermission
        if (permissionsList == null || shouldRationalePermissionsList == null) {
            return;
        }
        Log.d(TAG, "requestMultiPermissions permissionsList:" + permissionsList.size() + ",shouldRationalePermissionsList:" + shouldRationalePermissionsList.size());

        if (permissionsList.size() > 0) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, permissionsList.toArray(new String[permissionsList.size()]),
                    CODE_MULTI_PERMISSION);
            Log.d(TAG, "showMessageOKCancel requestPermissions");

        } else if (shouldRationalePermissionsList.size() > 0) {
            showMessageOKCancel(activity, "should open those permission",
                    new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, shouldRationalePermissionsList.toArray(new String[shouldRationalePermissionsList.size()]),
                                    CODE_MULTI_PERMISSION);
                            Log.d(TAG, "showMessageOKCancel requestPermissions");
                        }
                    });
        } else {
            grant.onPermissionGranted(CODE_MULTI_PERMISSION);
        }

    }