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  • 百度之星2020 初赛三场 部分题解

    初赛一:

    1001 Drink:$maxleft{leftlceilfrac{m}{x} ight ceilcdot y ight}$

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i, l, r) for (int i = (l); i <= (r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T, n, m, x, y;
     7 
     8 int main(){
     9     freopen("drink.in", "r", stdin);
    10     freopen("drink.out", "w", stdout);
    11     for (scanf("%d", &T); T--; ) {
    12         scanf("%d%d", &n, &m); int ans = 1e8;
    13         rep(i, 1, n) scanf("%d%d", &x, &y), ans = min(ans, ((m - 1) / x + 1) * y);
    14         printf("%d
    ", ans);
    15     }
    16     return 0;
    17 }
    Drink

    1002 GPA:模拟DP。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i, l, r) for (int i = (l); i <= (r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T, n;
     7 double f[500];
     8 
     9 double G(int x) {
    10     if (x >= 95) return 4.3;
    11     if (x >= 90) return 4.0;
    12     if (x >= 85) return 3.7;
    13     if (x >= 80) return 3.3;
    14     if (x >= 75) return 3.0;
    15     if (x >= 70) return 2.7;
    16     if (x >= 67) return 2.3;
    17     if (x >= 65) return 2.0;
    18     if (x >= 62) return 1.7;
    19     if (x >= 60) return 1.0;
    20     return 0;
    21 }
    22 
    23 int main(){
    24     freopen("GPA.in", "r", stdin);
    25     freopen("GPA.out", "w", stdout);
    26     f[0]=0;
    27     rep(i, 1, 400) rep(j, 1, min(i, 100))
    28         f[i] = max(f[i], f[i - j] + G(j));
    29     for (scanf("%d", &T); T--; )
    30         scanf("%d", &n),printf("%.1lf
    ", f[n]);
    31     return 0;
    32 }
    GPA

    1003 Dec:先打表。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 const int N=1050;
     7 int T,x,y,mp[N][N];
     8 
     9 int main(){
    10     freopen("dec.in","r",stdin);
    11     freopen("dec.out","w",stdout);
    12     mp[1][1]=1;
    13     rep(i,2,1000) rep(j,1,i)
    14         mp[i][j]=(__gcd(i,j)==1)+max(mp[i-1][j],mp[i][j-1]);
    15     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; )
    16         scanf("%d%d",&x,&y),printf("%d
    ",mp[max(x,y)][min(x,y)]);
    17     return 0;
    18 }
    Dec

    1004 Civilization:枚举建立城市的位置,统计附近(曼哈顿距离3以内)各a值的点各有多少个,按a从高到低一次放居民,模拟即可。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 const int N=510;
     7 int T,n,x0,y0,ans,f[4],a[N][N];
     8 
     9 int main(){
    10     freopen("1004.in","r",stdin);
    11     freopen("1004.out","w",stdout);
    12     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    13         scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&x0,&y0); ans=1e8;
    14         rep(i,1,n) rep(j,1,n) scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    15         rep(x,1,n) rep(y,1,n){
    16             int sm=(abs(x-x0)+abs(y-y0)+1)/2,tot=0;
    17             rep(i,x-3,x+3) rep(j,y-3,y+3)
    18                 if (i>=1 && i<=n && j>=1 && j<=n && abs(i-x)+abs(j-y)<=3) f[a[i][j]]++;
    19             int s=a[x][y]; f[s]--;
    20             rep(k,1,8){
    21                 int t=(8*k*k-tot-1)/s+1; sm+=t; tot+=t*s;
    22                 if (f[3]) s+=3,f[3]--;
    23                 else if (f[2]) s+=2,f[2]--;
    24                     else if (f[1]) s+=1,f[1]--;
    25             }
    26             ans=min(ans,sm);
    27         }
    28         printf("%d
    ",ans);
    29     }
    30     return 0;
    31 }
    civilization

    1005 内层块长必定比外层短,故内层的一块至多与外层的一块相连,而外层则不一定,故若将每个黑块看成一个点,相邻两层的相连黑块之间连边,则构成一个森林。森林的连通块数=点数-边数。点数显然,考虑边数期望。

    考虑外层的一个黑块,与内层某黑块相连的概率为$frac{frac{2pi}{a_{i-1}}+frac{2pi}{a_{i}}}{2pi}=frac{1}{a_{i-1}}+frac{1}{a_{i}}$,故相邻两层边数期望为$(frac{1}{a_{i-1}}+frac{1}{a_{i}})cdotfrac{a_i}{2}cdotfrac{a_{i-1}}{2}=frac{a_i+a_{i-1}}{4}$。

    最后答案化简为$frac{a_1+a_n}{4}$

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 typedef long long ll;
     5 using namespace std;
     6 
     7 const int N=1010,mod=1e9+7;
     8 int T,n,a[N];
     9 
    10 int ksm(int a,int b){
    11     int res=1;
    12     for (; b; a=1ll*a*a%mod,b>>=1)
    13         if (b & 1) res=1ll*res*a%mod;
    14     return res;
    15 }
    16 
    17 int main(){
    18     freopen("rotate.in","r",stdin);
    19     freopen("rotate.out","w",stdout);
    20     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    21         scanf("%d",&n);
    22         rep(i,1,n) scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    23         printf("%lld
    ",1ll*(a[1]+a[n])*ksm(4,mod-2)%mod);
    24     }
    25     return 0;
    26 }
    rotate

    初赛二:

    1001 Poker:直接模拟,发现迷之错误时多换几次实数运算的写法。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T,n,m,p;
     7 
     8 int main(){
     9     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    10         scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&p);
    11         int t=m-(int)(m*(100-p)/100.);
    12         printf("%d
    ",(n<m)?0:((n-m)/t+1));
    13     }
    14     return 0;
    15 }
    Poker

    1002 Distance:所有点必然排在一条直线上否则没法做,于是必然都在P0同侧。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 typedef long long ll;
     5 using namespace std;
     6 
     7 const int N=100010;
     8 int T,n,a[N];
     9 ll ans,sm[N];
    10 
    11 int main(){
    12     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    13         scanf("%d",&n);
    14         rep(i,1,n) scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    15         sort(a+1,a+n+1); sm[0]=ans=0;
    16         rep(i,1,n) sm[i]=sm[i-1]+a[i];
    17         rep(i,1,n-1) ans+=sm[n]-sm[i]-1ll*(n-i)*a[i];
    18         printf("%lld
    ",ans);
    19     }
    20     return 0;
    21 }
    Distance

    1003 Covid:把各事件写成<时间,地点,人>三元组用map存储,然后按时间顺序将同一时间同一地点的所有时间放在一起处理即可,线性。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<vector>
     3 #include<algorithm>
     4 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     5 using namespace std;
     6 
     7 const int N=20010;
     8 int T,n,m,s[N],b[N];
     9 vector<int>mp[110][11];
    10 
    11 int main(){
    12     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    13         scanf("%d",&n); b[1]=1;
    14         rep(i,2,n) b[i]=0;
    15         rep(i,1,100) rep(j,1,10) mp[i][j].clear();
    16         rep(i,1,n){
    17             scanf("%d",&m); int t,p;
    18             rep(j,1,m) scanf("%d%d",&t,&p),mp[t][p].push_back(i);
    19         }
    20         rep(i,1,100) rep(j,1,10){
    21             int s=mp[i][j].size(),flag=0;
    22             rep(k,0,s-1) if (b[mp[i][j][k]]) flag=1;
    23             if (flag) rep(k,0,s-1) b[mp[i][j][k]]=1;
    24         }
    25         int tot=0; rep(i,1,n) if (b[i]) s[++tot]=i;
    26         rep(i,1,tot-1) printf("%d ",s[i]); printf("%d
    ",s[tot]);
    27     }
    28     return 0;
    29 }
    Covid

    1004 Car:可以DP,但bestcoder机子跑的比较快爆搜可过。DP做法设f[i][S]为前i天禁止尾号状态为S(压成二进制)的最优解,转移显然。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 char str[10];
     7 int T,n,ans,s[20],d[20];
     8 
     9 void dfs(int x){
    10     if (x==10){
    11         int res=20000;
    12         rep(i,1,5) res=min(res,d[i]);
    13         ans=max(ans,res);
    14         return;
    15     }
    16     rep(i,1,5) d[i]+=s[x],dfs(x+1),d[i]-=s[x];
    17 }
    18 
    19 int main(){
    20     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    21         scanf("%d",&n); ans=0;
    22         rep(i,0,9) s[i]=d[i]=0;
    23         rep(i,1,n) scanf("%s",str),s[str[4]-'0']++;
    24         dfs(0); printf("%d
    ",n-ans);
    25     }
    26     return 0;
    27 }
    Car(爆搜)
     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<cstring>
     3 #include<algorithm>
     4 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     5 using namespace std;
     6 
     7 const int N=10010;
     8 char s[10];
     9 int n,T,p[11],a[N],d[11][N];
    10 
    11 int main(){
    12     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    13         scanf("%d",&n);
    14         rep(i,0,9) p[i]=0;
    15         rep(i,1,n) scanf("%s",s+1),a[i]=s[5]-'0',p[a[i]]++;
    16         memset(d,0x3f,sizeof(d)); d[0][0]=0;
    17         rep(i,1,5) rep(j,0,(1<<10)-1) for (int k=j; ; k=(k-1)&j){
    18             int t=j^k,sm=0;
    19             rep(l,0,9) if (!((t>>l)&1)) sm+=p[l];
    20             d[i][j]=min(d[i][j],max(d[i-1][k],sm));
    21             if (!k) break;
    22         }
    23         printf("%d
    ",d[5][(1<<10)-1]);
    24     }
    25     return 0;
    26 }
    Car(DP)

    初赛三:

    1001 Discount:模拟。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T,n,b;
     7 double c,ans;
     8 
     9 int main(){
    10     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    11         scanf("%d",&n); ans=-1;
    12         rep(i,1,n) scanf("%d%lf",&b,&c),ans=max(ans,(1-c)/(b+1-c));
    13         printf("%.5lf
    ",ans);
    14     }
    15     return 0;
    16 }
    Discount

    1002 Game:p>1则显然p=2x,否则(x/2+x*2)/2=1.25x>x,则换一定更优。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T;
     7 double p;
     8 
     9 int main(){
    10     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; )
    11         scanf("%lf",&p),puts((p>1)?"No":"Yes");
    12     return 0;
    13 }
    Game

    1003 Permutation:要想逆序对尽量多,就<1,n>,<2,n-1>,...分别依次交换即可。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T,n,m;
     7 
     8 int main(){
     9     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; )
    10         scanf("%d%d",&n,&m),m=min(m,n/2),printf("%lld
    ",(n==1)?0ll:1ll*(2*n-3)*m-2ll*m*(m-1));
    11     return 0;
    12 }
    Permutation

    1004 Intersection:只考虑两列最后一辆车,左侧设为A,右侧为B。若A>B则B不挡A,答案就是A的步数。若A<=B-2则B必然比A后到达,答案为B的步数。A=B或A=B-1时答案为B的步数+1。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 using namespace std;
     5 
     6 int T,n,s1,s2,x,y;
     7 
     8 int main(){
     9     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    10         scanf("%d",&n); s1=s2=0;
    11         rep(i,1,n){
    12             scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
    13             if (x==1) s2=max(s2,y); else s1=max(s1,y);
    14         }
    15         if (s1 && (s1==s2-1 || s1==s2)) printf("%d
    ",s2+2);
    16         if ((!s1) || s1<=s2-2) printf("%d
    ",s2+1);
    17         if (s1>s2) printf("%d
    ",s1+2);
    18     }
    19     return 0;
    20 }
    Intersection

    1005 Chess:f[i][j]表示1~i中放了j个传送器,且保证1能到i的方案数。枚举上一个没放传送器的位置,两地之间的位置的传送器传送到哪没有限制。

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<cstring>
     3 #include<algorithm>
     4 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     5 typedef long long ll;
     6 using namespace std;
     7 
     8 const int N=1010,mod=1e9+7;
     9 int T,n,m,f[N][N];
    10 
    11 int main(){
    12     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    13         scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); memset(f,0,sizeof(f)); f[1][0]=1;
    14         rep(i,1,n) rep(j,0,min(m,i-1)){
    15             int t=1;
    16             rep(k,1,11) f[i+k][j+k-1]=(f[i+k][j+k-1]+1ll*f[i][j]*t)%mod,t=1ll*t*(i+k-1)%mod;
    17         }
    18         printf("%lld
    ",f[n][m]?f[n][m]:-1ll);
    19     }
    20     return 0;
    21 }
    Chess

    1006 Ant:https://blog.csdn.net/tomjobs/article/details/107684591

     1 #include<cstdio>
     2 #include<algorithm>
     3 #define rep(i,l,r) for (int i=(l); i<=(r); i++)
     4 #define For(i,x) for (int i=h[x],k; i; i=nxt[i])
     5 typedef long long ll;
     6 using namespace std;
     7 
     8 const int N=200010,mod=1e9+7;
     9 int T,n,m,cnt,x,y,h[N],to[N],nxt[N],f1[N],f2[N],sz[N];
    10 
    11 void add(int u,int v){ to[++cnt]=v; nxt[cnt]=h[u]; h[u]=cnt; }
    12 
    13 int ksm(int a,int b){
    14     int res=1;
    15     for (; b; a=1ll*a*a%mod,b>>=1)
    16         if (b & 1) res=1ll*res*a%mod;
    17     return res;
    18 }
    19 
    20 void dfs(int x,int fa){
    21     if (x==m){ f1[x]=1; return; }
    22     For(i,x) if ((k=to[i])!=fa){
    23         dfs(k,x);
    24         if (f1[k]){
    25             f1[x]=1ll*f1[k]*ksm(sz[x],mod-2)%mod;
    26             f2[x]=1ll*f2[k]*ksm(sz[x],mod-2)%mod;
    27             f2[x]=(f2[x]+1ll*f1[x]*ksm(sz[x]-1,mod-2)%mod*(sz[x]-1-(x!=1)))%mod;
    28         }
    29     }
    30 }
    31 
    32 int main(){
    33     for (scanf("%d",&T); T--; ){
    34         scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); cnt=0;
    35         rep(i,1,n) h[i]=f1[i]=f2[i]=sz[i]=0;
    36         rep(i,2,n) scanf("%d%d",&x,&y),add(x,y),add(y,x),sz[x]++,sz[y]++;
    37         dfs(1,0); printf("%d
    ",(f1[1]+f2[1])%mod);
    38     }
    39     return 0;
    40 }
    Ant
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/HocRiser/p/13405966.html
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