1 准备
[oracle@TEST144239 /]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 12 11:58:35 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn sys/Sina.2015@study as sysdba Connected. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /data2/orcl/recover_log/archive_log Oldest online log sequence 22 Next log sequence to archive 24 Current log sequence 24
RMAN>configure controlfile autobackup on;--自动备份控制文件置为on状态,将自动备份控制文件和参数文件
[oracle@TEST144239 ~]$ rman target sys/Sina.2015@study
2 备份与恢复全库
通常默认在/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/ ，若需要特定指定备份数据存储位置时，可以创建备份数据库存储的目录。
如指定/data2/backup/为备份位置:
示例:RMAN> backup database format '/data2/backup/whole_%d_%U'; --备份整个数据库
示例:RMAN> backup as compressed backupset
2> database format ''/data2/backup/whole_%d_%U'; --备份整个数据库并压缩备份集
示例:
RMAN> run{ 2> allocate channel ch1 type disk --手动分配一个通道 3> maxpiecesize=2g; --指定备份片的大小为2g 4> backup as compressed backupset --压缩备份集 5> format '/data2/backup/whole_%d_%U' filesperset=3 --指定备份集中允许容纳的文件数为个 6> database; 7> release channel ch1;} --释放通道
注意:备份时,可先将控制文件备份设置为自动备份! RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;--自动备份控制文件置为on状态,将自动备份控制文件和参数文件
[oracle@TEST144239 /]$ mkdir /data2/backup
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database plus archivelog; Starting backup at 12-OCT-15 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=12 RECID=1 STAMP=892728339 input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=2 STAMP=892736557 input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=3 STAMP=892753270 input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=4 STAMP=892768262 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=5 STAMP=892791995 input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=6 STAMP=892803633 input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=7 STAMP=892815402 input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=8 STAMP=892828012 input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=9 STAMP=892843267 channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_3: starting compressed archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=10 STAMP=892857631 input archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RECID=11 STAMP=892882839 input archived log thread=1 sequence=23 RECID=12 STAMP=892891106 input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=13 STAMP=892900945 input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=14 STAMP=892901057 input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=15 STAMP=892901228 input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=16 STAMP=892901372 input archived log thread=1 sequence=28 RECID=17 STAMP=892901532 channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20151012T145139_c1pp3xr2_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145139 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_3: starting compressed archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=29 RECID=18 STAMP=892901677 input archived log thread=1 sequence=30 RECID=19 STAMP=892909146 input archived log thread=1 sequence=31 RECID=20 STAMP=892909170 input archived log thread=1 sequence=32 RECID=21 STAMP=892909211 input archived log thread=1 sequence=33 RECID=22 STAMP=892911098 channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20151012T145139_c1pp3wp6_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145139 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:20 channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20151012T145139_c1pp3ww1_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145139 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:22 channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20151012T145139_c1pp4hhj_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145139 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06 Finished backup at 12-OCT-15 Starting backup at 12-OCT-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/data2/orcl/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/data2/orcl/undotbs01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00002 name=/data2/orcl/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/data2/orcl/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151012T145203_c1pp4phv_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145203 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151012T145203_c1pp4o7j_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145203 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16 Finished backup at 12-OCT-15 Starting backup at 12-OCT-15 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=34 RECID=23 STAMP=892911204 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20151012T145325_c1pp76vh_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145325 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 Finished backup at 12-OCT-15 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 12-OCT-15 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2015_10_12/o1_mf_s_892911216_c1pp7o9p_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 12-OCT-15
RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN> run{ 2> restore database; 3> recover database; 4> }; Starting restore at 12-OCT-15 Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 12-OCT-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=63 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=129 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=193 device type=DISK Crosschecked 7 objects Crosschecked 50 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 12-OCT-15 Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 12-OCT-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 Crosschecked 6 objects Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 12-OCT-15 searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/autobackup/2015_10_12/o1_mf_s_892911216_c1pp7o9p_.bkp using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /data2/orcl/sysaux01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /data2/orcl/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151012T145203_c1pp4phv_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00001 to /data2/orcl/system01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00003 to /data2/orcl/undotbs01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151012T145203_c1pp4o7j_.bkp channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151012T145203_c1pp4phv_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145203 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:01 channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2015_10_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20151012T145203_c1pp4o7j_.bkp tag=TAG20151012T145203 channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:25 Finished restore at 12-OCT-15 Starting recover at 12-OCT-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 starting media recovery archived log for thread 1 with sequence 34 is already on disk as file /data2/orcl/redo01.log archived log for thread 1 with sequence 35 is already on disk as file /data2/orcl/redo02.log archived log for thread 1 with sequence 36 is already on disk as file /data2/orcl/redo03.log archived log file name=/data2/orcl/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=34 archived log file name=/data2/orcl/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=35 archived log file name=/data2/orcl/redo03.log thread=1 sequence=36 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:18 Finished recover at 12-OCT-15 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "advise, allocate, alter, backup, @, catalog, change, configure, connect, convert, copy, create, crosscheck, delete, drop, duplicate, exit, flashback, grant, host, import, list, mount, open, print, quit, recover, register, release, repair, replace, report, reset, restore, resync, revoke, run, send, set, show, shutdown, spool, sql, startup, switch, transport, unregister, upgrade, validate, {, " RMAN-01007: at line 0 column 3 file: standard input [oracle@ZTE-TEST144239 onlinelog]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 12 16:31:51 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
示例:
run { allocate channel ch1 type disk maxpiecesize=2g; backup as compressed backupset format '/NewBackup/rman_backup/whole_%d_%U.bks' filesperset=3 tag dbfull database ; crosscheck archivelog all; delete expired archivelog all; sql 'alter system archive log current'; backup archivelog all format '/NewBackup/rman_backup/%d_%s_%p_%t.arch' tag dbarch; backup spfile format '/NewBackup/rman_backup/%d_%s_%p_%t.spfile' tag dbspfile; backup format '/NewBackup/rman_backup/%d_%s_%p_%t.ctl' tag dbctl current controlfile; release channel ch1; }