LAST,LASTB(1) Linux System Administrator's Manual LAST,LASTB(1)
NAME
last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users
SYNOPSIS
last [-R] [-num] [ -n num ] [-adFiowx] [ -f file ] [ -t YYYYMMDDHHMMSS ] [name...] [tty...]
lastb [-R] [-num] [ -n num ] [ -f file ] [-adFiowx] [name...] [tty...]
DESCRIPTION
Last searches back through the file /var/log/wtmp (or the file designated by the -f flag) and displays a list of all users logged in (and
out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be given, in which case last will show only those entries matching the argu‐
ments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus last 0 is the same as last tty0.
When last catches a SIGINT signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal (generated by the quit key, usu‐
ally control-), last will show how far it has searched through the file; in the case of the SIGINT signal last will then terminate.
The pseudo user reboot logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus last reboot will show a log of all reboots since the log file was
created.
Lastb is the same as last, except that by default it shows a log of the file /var/log/btmp, which contains all the bad login attempts.
OPTIONS
-R Suppresses the display of the hostname field.
#不显示登录地址
-num This is a count telling last how many lines to show.
-n num The same. #指定显示的行数
-f file
Tells last to use a specific file instead of /var/log/wtmp.
#使用其他的文件
-t YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., to determine easily who was logged in at a particular
time -- specify that time with -t and look for "still logged in".
name ... 显示指定的用户
tty 指定端口
-a Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next flag.
#将地址栏放在最后一栏系显示
-d For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP
number back into a hostname.
#使用IP地址格式显示地址,不使用主机名(默认格式)
-F Print full login and logout times and dates.
-i This option is like -d in that it displays the IP number of the remote host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots nota‐
tion.
-o Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).
-w Display full user and domain names in the output.
-x Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.
NOTES
The files wtmp and btmp might not be found. The system only logs information in these files if they are present. This is a local configura‐
tion issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created with a simple touch(1) command (for example, touch /var/log/wtmp).
FILES
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/btmp
AUTHOR
Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl
SEE ALSO
shutdown(8), login(1), init(8)
Jul 31, 2004 LAST,LASTB(1)