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  • Copyright

    1.

     Exclusive rights to copyright holder

      To produce copies or reproductions AND to sell those

      To import or export the work 

      To create derivative works 

      To perform or display the work publicly 

      To sell or cede the rights to others

      To transmit or display by radio or video 

       ( derivative works = sequels, prequels, and spin offs (that use established characters/places), etc. )

       ( 衍生作品=续集、前传和衍生作品(使用既定角色/地点)等 )

    2.

    Public Domain 

    The term “public domain” refers to creative materials that are not protected by intellectual property laws such as copyright, trademark, or patent laws.

    The public owns these works, not an individual author or artist. Anyone can use a public domain work without obtaining permission, but no one can ever own it.

    3.

    In order to be copyrighted 

      original work

      placed in a tengible form

      Non-functional / Creative

      (tangible = touchable / seeable / physical ) 

    4. 

    Duration 

      In the US, all work published before 1925 are now in the public domain.

      All works before 1977 have a copyright of 95 years.

      All works from 1977 on: Life of the author + 70 Years.

      Corporate copyrights last 95 years from the date of creation.

    5. 

    Fair use

      Permits limited use of copyrighted material without permission of the copyright holder.

      4 factors

        (1) The purpose of or character of the use.   (Commercial? Educational? Non-profit?)

        (2) Nature of the copyrighted work.  (Factual? Creative? )

        (3) The amount of the work that is used.  (Subjective...   10%? 20%?)

        (4) The effect of the use of the work on the potential market for that work.

    6.

    Independent Creation

    Independent creation occurs when two people independently create the same or substantially similar work.

    Independent creation is a valid defense to a claim of copyright infringement.

      Defense against copyright infringement

      Plaintiff has to show prior exposure

    7.

    Satire vs. Parody 

    By definition, a parody is a comedic commentary about a work, that requires an imitation of the work. 

    Satire, on the other hand, even when it uses a creative work as the vehicle for the message,

    offers commentary and criticism about the world, not that specific creative work.

    8.

    trade secret (is something of value that isn't known to the general public)

      NO LEGAL PROTECTION!!!

      Strongest form of IP protection... Except when it is no longer a secret...

      Never expires

        Reverse Engineering...

        Coca cola's formula...

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/JasperZhao/p/13069949.html
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