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  • 用项目强化你的webpack

    用你的webpack实现vue-cli

    本文围绕前端工程化,用webpack从零搭建一个完整项目的过程

    本文核心知识点:

    1. webpack的使用
    2. vue组件化思想
    3. Element-UI的使用
    别走别走,迫不及待看结果了吧:

    在这里插入图片描述

    想学吗,来俺教你(献丑,哈哈)

    实现步骤:

    写在前面:此案例用于强化你的webpack使用(须对webpack有一定的了解),若本文有错误以及运行出错,欢迎随时来扰我这只:爱学习的小白

    1. 创建项目文件夹(vue_todo)
    2. 生成项目描述文件(npm init -y)
    3. 在项目根目录下创建index.html(代码后补)
    4. 在项目根目录下创建src文件夹(添加main.js和App.vue)
    • main.js(涵盖全文)
    //! 需要导入实例化vue根实例
    import Vue from 'vue'
    import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
    import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
    import App from './App.vue';
    
    Vue.use(ElementUI);
    
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        components: {
            App
        },
        template: '<App/>'
    });
    
    1. 项目根目录下创建build文件夹(添加webpack配置文件),此处用于更好的区分开发环境和生产环境;也可不建,直接在根目录下建立webpack.config.js(名字唯一)
      生成如下:
      在这里插入图片描述
    2. 安装webpack,webpack-cli
    3. 在build文件夹下建立webpack.dev.js(进行webpack的配置),此处需了解webpack的基本使用webpack基本使用,一般配置有(entry:入口,output:出口,loader:加载器,plugins:插件)
    本项目配置为:

    写在前面:此处生产环境与开发环境代码冗余度过高,所以抽出公共部分(webpack.base.js)并用第三方模块(webpack-merge)进行合并,此处loader以及plugin的使用随着官网的更新,可能会发生变化,以官网为准,webpack官网

    • webpack.base.js(注释含细节,其中路径相关项切记与自己文件路径保持一致)
    // 引入路径处理模块
    const path = require('path');
    
    // 引入vue-loader插件(加载vue模板)
    const VueloaderPlugin = require('vue-loader/lib/plugin');
    
    // 引入html-webpack-plugin(生成预览的html页)
    const HtmlWepackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
    
    // 引入clean-wenpack-plugin(需进行解构)(每次打包前删除之前dist目录下的js文件)
    const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require('clean-webpack-plugin');
    
    module.exports = {
        // 打包入口
        entry: './src/main.js',
        // 打包出口
        output: {
            filename: 'bundle.js',
            path: path.resolve(__dirname, '../dist')
        },
        // 配置打包规则
        module: {
            rules: [{
                test: /.vue$/,
                use: 'vue-loader'
            }, {
                test: /.(jpg|png|gif|bmp|eot|svg|woff|woff2|ttf)$/,
                use: [{
                    loader: 'url-loader',
                    query: {
                        name: '[name].[ext]'
                    }
                }]
            }, {
                test: /.css$/,
                use: ['style-loader', 'css-loader']
            }, {
                test: /.styl(us)?$/,
                use: ['vue-style-loader', 'css-loader', 'postcss-loader', 'stylus-loader']
            }, {
                test: /.js$/,
                exclude: /node_modules/,
                loader: "babel-loader"
            }]
        },
        // 插件
        plugins: [
            new VueloaderPlugin(),
            new HtmlWepackPlugin({
                template: './index.html'
            }),
            new CleanWebpackPlugin()
        ],
        resolve: {
            alias: {
                'vue': 'vue/dist/vue.js'
            }
        },
        performance: {
            hints: false
        }
    }
    
    • webpack.dev.js
    const baseConfig = require('./webpack.base.js');
    const merge = require('webpack-merge');
    
    // 引入webpack对象(实现热模块替换)
    const webpack = require('webpack');
    const devConfig = {
        mode: 'development',
        // devServer配置
        devServer: {
            contentBase: '../dist',
            // 打包完成自动打开
            open: true,
            // 模块热替换
            hot: true
        },
        //! 使打包后的js文件与源文件产生映射关系(增加纠错速度,错误定位),官网介绍详细
        //! eval一般应用于生产环境(production)
        //! devtool: 'eval',
        //vue脚手架一般配置(打包速度较慢)
        devtool: 'cheap-module-eval-source-map',
        // 插件
        plugins: [
            new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin()
        ],
    }
    
    module.exports = merge(baseConfig, devConfig);
    
    • webpack.prod.js
    const baseConfig = require('./webpack.base.js');
    const merge = require('webpack-merge');
    
    const prodConfig = {
        mode: 'production'
    }
    
    module.exports = merge(baseConfig, prodConfig)
    

    注意:此处的loader(postcss-loader,babel-loader)需要添加额外配置文件
    passcss.config.js

    module.exports = {
        plugins: [
            require('autoprefixer')
        ]
    }
    

    .babelrc

    {
        "presets": ["@babel/preset-env"]
    }
    
    1. 在项目描述(package.js)中写入脚本(script标签中写),用于打包项目(此处涵盖所有依赖项)
    {
        "name": "vue_todo",
        "version": "1.0.0",
        "description": "",
        "main": "index.js",
        "scripts": {
            "dev": "webpack-dev-server --config ./build/webpack.dev.js",
            "build": "webpack --config ./build/webpack.prod.js"
        },
        "keywords": [],
        "author": "",
        "license": "ISC",
        "devDependencies": {
            "@babel/core": "^7.9.6",
            "@babel/preset-env": "^7.9.6",
            "autoprefixer": "^9.7.6",
            "babel-loader": "^8.1.0",
            "clean-webpack-plugin": "^3.0.0",
            "css-loader": "^3.5.3",
            "file-loader": "^6.0.0",
            "html-webpack-plugin": "^4.3.0",
            "postcss-loader": "^3.0.0",
            "style-loader": "^1.2.1",
            "stylus": "^0.54.7",
            "stylus-loader": "^3.0.2",
            "url-loader": "^4.1.0",
            "vue-loader": "^15.9.2",
            "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.11",
            "webpack": "^4.43.0",
            "webpack-cli": "^3.3.11",
            "webpack-dev-server": "^3.11.0",
            "webpack-merge": "^4.2.2"
        },
        "dependencies": {
            "element-ui": "^2.13.1",
            "vue": "^2.6.11"
        }
    }
    
    配置完成,安心撸vue组件

    写在前面:对于组件的认识,可以学习:vue组件化开发

    1. 对项目界面进行组件拆分:App(MainHeader,MainTodo(TodoItem,TodoInfo),MainFooter)
    2. 进行每个组件的编写(注意组件之间的数据传递)
    3. 进行组件样式的编写(此处除css样式外,还演示了stylus样式(未涉及可忽略))
    4. 进行子组件的挂载
    5. 在组件中使用Element-UI

    奉上我的vue代码:

    • App.vue
    <template>
        <div>
            <!-- 调用组件时必须用短横线的方式写入标签 -->
            <main-header></main-header>
            <main-todo></main-todo>
            <main-footer></main-footer>
        </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    //! 引入样式,格式为stylus
    import './assets/styles/global.styl'
    //! 导入子组件(头部)
    import MainHeader from './components/MainHeader.vue'
    //! 导入子组件(中间部分)
    import MainTodo from './components/MainTodo/MainTodo.vue'
    //! 导入子组件(底部)
    import MainFooter from './components/MainFooter.vue'
    
    export default {
        name:'App',
        components:{
            //! 组件名:组件对象(es6中键和值同名,可简写)
            MainHeader:MainHeader,
            MainTodo:MainTodo,
            MainFooter:MainFooter
        }
    }
    </script>
    
    <style lang="css" scoped>
    
    </style>
    
    • MainHeader.vue
    <template>
        <header>
            <h1>ToDoList</h1>
        </header>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    export default {
        //todo 组件名尽量与文件名一致(思路容易捋顺)
        name:'MainHeader'
    }
    </script>
    
    <style lang="stylus" scoped>
    header {
        height 200px;
        width 100%;
        text-align center;
    }
    header h1{
        line-height 200px;
        font-size 100px;
        font-weight 100;
        color pink;
        text-shadow 1px 1px 1px pink,3px 3px 9px red;
    }
    </style>
    
    • MainTodo
    <template>
        <div class="main-todo">
            <input type="text" class="what-todo" placeholder="What do you want to do ?" autofocus @keyup.enter="addTodo" v-model="content">
            <todo-item v-for="(item,index) in filterData" :key="index" :todo="item" @delTodo="delThis($event)"></todo-item>
            <todo-info :unComplete="unComplete" :AllComplete="AllComplete" @toggleState="handleToggleState($event)" @delComplete="delComplete"></todo-info>
        </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    
    //todo 导入TodoItem子组件
    import TodoItem from './coms/TodoItem.vue'
    //todo 导入TodoInfo子插件
    import TodoInfo from './coms/TodoInfo.vue'
    
    
    //todo 用id自加模拟计数器
    let id = 0
    export default {
        name:'MainTodo',
        data(){
            return{
                todos:[],
                content:'',
                filter:'all'
            }
        },
        methods:{
            addTodo(){
                //todo 如果输入框为空,直接返回
                if(this.content === '') return
                this.todos.unshift({
                    id:id++,
                    content:this.content,
                    complete:true
                })
                this.content = ''
            },
            delThis(id){
                const index = this.todos.findIndex(item=>{
                    return item.id == id
                })
                this.todos.splice(index,1)
            },
            handleToggleState(state){
               this.filter = state
            },
            delComplete(){
                this.todos =  this.todos.filter(item=>item.complete == true)
            }
        },
        computed:{
            unComplete(){
                const unDone = this.todos.filter(item=>{
                    return item.complete == true
                })
                return unDone.length
            },
            AllComplete(){
                const Done = this.todos.filter(item=>{
                    return item.complete == false
                })
                return Done.length
            },
            filterData(){
                switch(this.filter){
                    case 'all':
                        return this.todos
                        break;
                    case 'active':
                        return this.todos.filter(item=>item.complete == true)
                        break;
                     case 'complete':
                        return this.todos.filter(item=>item.complete == false)
                        break;
                }
            }
        },
        components:{
            TodoItem,
            TodoInfo,
        }
    }
    </script>
    
    <style lang="stylus" scoped>
    .main-todo{
        width 600px
        background-color rgba(0,0,0,.2)
        border-radius 18px 18px 0 0
        overflow hidden
        margin 0 auto
        box-sizing border-box
    }
    .what-todo{
        height 45px
        width 100%
        font-size 20px
        font-weight 300
        padding-left 16px
        border 0
        outline 0 
        background-color rgba(0,0,0,.2)
        border-bottom 3px dashed pink 
    }
    ::placeholder{
        color #ccc
    }
    </style>
    
    1. MainTodo子组件TodoItem.vue
    <template>
        <div class="box"> 
            <span class="switch"><el-switch v-model="todo.complete" active-color="#13ce66" inactive-color="#ff4949"></el-switch></span>
            <label :class="['todo',todo.complete?'':'complete']">{{todo.content}}</label>
            <button @click="$emit('delTodo',todo.id)"><i class="el-icon-delete active"></i></button>
        </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    export default {
        name:'TodoItem',
        props:['todo'],
        data(){
            return{
                value:true
            }
        }
    }
    </script>
    
    <style lang="stylus" scoped>
    .box{
        width 600px
        height 40px
        display flex
        justify-content space-between
        border-top 1px dashed pink 
    }
    .switch{
        padding 0px 9px
    }
    .box span,
    .active{
        height 40px
        width 40px
        text-align center
        line-height 40px
    }
    .active{
        color red 
        font-size 20px
        cursor pointer
    }
    .todo{
        flex 1
        height 100%
        font-size 20px
        color red
        line-height 40px
        padding-left 15px
    }
    .complete{
        color #ccc
        text-decoration line-through
    }
    button{
        outline none
        border none 
        background-color rgba(0,0,0,0)
    }
    </style>
    
    1. MainTodo子组件TodoInfo
    <template>
        <div class="todo-info">
            <span class="total" v-if="(state == 'all' | state == 'active')">{{unComplete}} item left</span>
            <span class="total" v-if="(state == 'complete')">{{AllComplete}} item left</span>
            <div class="tabs">
              <a :class="state == item ? 'active': ''" v-for="(item,index) in states" :key="index" @click="toggleState(item)">{{item}}</a>
            </div>
            <el-button type="success" @click="$emit('delComplete')">Clear Complete</el-button>
        </div>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    export default {
        name:'TodoInfo',
        props:['unComplete','AllComplete'],
        data(){
            return{
                states:['all','active','complete'],
                state:'all'
            }
        },
        methods:{
            toggleState(state){
                this.state = state
                this.$emit('toggleState',state)
            }
        }
    }
    </script>
    
    <style lang="css" scoped>
    .todo-info{
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
        padding: 5px 10px;
        font-weight: 400;
        line-height: 30px;
    }
    .total{
        padding: 5px 0px;
        color: red;
        font-size: 16px;
        font-weight: 700;
    }
    .tabs{
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
         200px;
    }
    .tabs a{
        border: 1px solid palevioletred;
        padding: 5px 10px;
        border-radius: 12px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
    .active{
        background-color: hotpink;
        color: #fff;
    }
    </style>
    
    • MainFooter
    <template>
        <footer>Written By A Seeker Of Knowladge</footer>
    </template>
    
    <script>
    export default {
        name:'MainFooter'
    }
    </script>
    
    <style lang="css" scoped>
    footer{
        font-style: 24px;
        font-weight: 800;
        margin-top: 20px;
        text-align: center;
        color: pink;
        text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px black,3px 3px 9px hotpink;
    }
    </style>
    
    快在终端输入:npm run dev 跑起来吧

    Last:

    有小伙伴问我的怪癖,注释后为撒要写('!','?','todo','cwen'),今天统回复下,这是vscode的注释高亮插件。可以让你的注释也能像代码一样招人喜欢。最后附上插件名:Better Comments

    1. 安装插件
    2. 在settings.json里自定义自己的样式
    3. 预览效果
      在这里插入图片描述

    身体and灵魂必须一个在路上(共勉)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Jdoit-CW/p/12904052.html
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