一、ViewBag和ViewData的定义
public dynamic ViewBag { get; } public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; } public dynamic ViewBag { get; } public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; }
二、ViewBag和ViewData的区别
viewdata | viewbag |
它是key/value字典集合 | 它是dynamic类型对象 |
从asp.net mvc1就有了 | 从asp.netmvc3才有 |
基于asp.netframework 3.5 | 基于asp.net framework4.0 |
viewdata比viewbag快 | viewbag比viewdata慢 |
页面查询数据时需要转换合适的类型 | 在页面查询数据时不需要转换合适的类型 |
有一些类型转换代码 | 可读性较好 |
ViewBag不再是字典的键值对结构,而是dynamic动态类型,它会在程序运行的时候动态解析。
1 ViewBag.NumberObjs = new string[] { "one", "two", "three" }; 2 ViewData["NumberArrs"] = new string[] { "one", "two", "three" }; 3 4 //正确,dynamic类型的解析作用,foreach可以使用 5 foreach (var item in ViewBag.NumberObjs) 6 { 7 8 } 9 //错误:foreach语句不可作用于object类型对象上 10 foreach (var item in ViewData["NumberArrs"]) 11 { 12 13 }
1、ViewBag其实本质就是ViewData,只是多了层Dynamic控制。所以,使用何种方式完全取决于你的个人爱好。
2、ViewBag和ViewData仅针对当前Action中有效,生命周期和view相同。
三、TempData
保存在session中,Controller每次执行请求时,会从session中获取tempdata,而后清空session,获取完tempdata数据,虽然保存在内部字典中。但是字典中每个条目访问一次后就从字典中删除。因此Tempdata数据最多只能经过一次controller传递,并且每个元素最多只能访问一次,之后删除。
四、举例
在Controller中使用ViewData:
<pre name="code" class="csharp">public ActionResult UsingViewData() { ViewData["Title"] = "Using ViewData"; ViewData["ProjectName"] = "My Test Project"; ViewData["ProjectDescription"] = "This is TestProject to demo Viewdata and viewbag details"; ViewData["StartDate"] = new DateTime(2011, 1, 1); ViewData["TotalPrice"] = 1000; ViewData["TotalDays"] = 100; Dictionary<string, string> stackholder = new Dictionary<string, string>(); stackholder.Add("Client", "Mr.Client"); stackholder.Add("Manager","Mr.Joy"); stackholder.Add("Team Leader","Mr.Toy"); stackholder.Add("Sr.developer","Mr.dojoy"); stackholder.Add("developer","Mr.nodoy"); ViewData["stackholder"]=stackholder; List<string>modules =new List<string>(); modules.Add("Admin module"); modules.Add("ShoppingCart module"); modules.Add("CMS module"); ViewData["modules"]=modules; return View(); }
<div><span style="color: rgb(35, 35, 35); font-family: Verdana, Arial, helvetica, sans-seriff; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;">对应UsingViewData View的cshtml:</span></div><pre name="code" class="html">@{ ViewBag.Title = "UsingViewData"; } <h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1> <div> <div> <h2>Project Name : @ViewData["ProjectName"]</h2> </div> <div> ProjectDescription : <p>"@ViewData["ProjectDescription"]".</p> </div> <div> Stack Holder : <br /> <ul id="stakholder"> @foreach ( var stakerholder in ViewData["stackholder"] as Dictionary<string, string> ) { <li> @stakerholder.Key : @stakerholder.Value </li> } </ul> </div> <div> Project Details:<br /> <div> module List : <ul id="modulelist"> @foreach ( var module in ViewData["modules"] as List<string> ) { <li> @module </li> } </ul> </div> Project StartDate : @ViewData["StartDate"] <br /> Project TotalPrice: @ViewData["TotalPrice"] <br /> Project TotaDays : @ViewData["TotalDays"] </div> </div>
ViewBag controller:
public ActionResult UsingViewBag() { ViewBag.Title = "Using ViewBag"; ViewBag.ProjectName = "My Test Project"; ViewBag.ProjectDescription = "This is Test Project to demo Viewdata and viewbag details"; ViewBag.StartDate = new DateTime(2011, 1, 1); ViewBag.TotalPrice = 1000; ViewBag.TotalDays = 100; Dictionary<string, string> stackholder = new Dictionary<string, string>(); stackholder.Add("Client", "Mr.Client"); stackholder.Add("Manager", "Mr.Joy"); stackholder.Add("Team Leader", "Mr.Toy"); stackholder.Add("Sr.developer", "Mr.doyjoy"); stackholder.Add("developer", "Mr.nodoy"); ViewBag.stackholder = stackholder; List<string> modules = new List<string>(); modules.Add("Admin module"); modules.Add("ShoppingCart module"); modules.Add("CMS module"); ViewBag.modules = modules; return View(); }
对应的页面:
@{ ViewBag.Title = "UsingViewBag"; } <h1>@ViewBag.Title</h1> <div> <div> <h2>Project Name : @ViewBag.ProjectName</h2> </div> <div> ProjectDescription : <p>"@ViewBag.ProjectDescription.</p> </div> <div> Stack Holder : <br /> <ul id="stakholder"> @foreach ( var stakerholder in ViewBag.stackholder ) { <li> @stakerholder.Key : @stakerholder.Value </li> } </ul> </div> <div> Project Details:<br /> <div> module List : <ul id="modulelist"> @foreach ( var module in ViewBag.modules ) { <li> @module </li> } </ul> </div> Project StartDate : @ViewBag.StartDate.ToString("dd-MMM-yyyy") <br /> Project TotalPrice: @ViewBag.TotalPrice ₹ <br /> Project TotaDays : @ViewBag.TotalDays </div> </div>
五、总结
1、ViewData和TempData是字典类型,赋值方式用字典方式,ViewData["myName"]
2、ViewBag是动态类型,使用时直接添加属性赋值即可 ViewBag.myName
3、ViewBag和ViewData只在当前Action中有效,等同于View
4、TempData可以通过转向继续使用,因为它的值保存在Session中。但TempData只能经过一次传递,之后会被系统自动清除
5、ViewData和ViewBag中的值可以互相访问,因为ViewBag的实现中包含了ViewData