java项目调用第三方接口的三种方式

问题情境：

        在工作中经常出现调用第三方接口的方式，这次需求中有需要调用阿里云的接口上传文件，顺便对调用方式都做了下整理，方便后续查看。

一.Hutool-http方式(详情参考：https://www.hutool.cn/)

1.1 pom中添加hutool的依赖

　　　　　<dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

　　　　　<!-- json依赖 -->

         <dependency>
　　　　　　　　<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
　　　　　　　　<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
　　　　　　　　<version>1.2.4</version>
　　　　　　</dependency>

1.2 代码示例，

 

1.2.1上传文件第一种就是map的值是转成InputStreamResource，如下两种列举

import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.InputStreamResource;

@RequestMapping("/fileupload")
public String  upload(MultipartFile file) {
    String result = "";
    try {
        InputStreamResource isr = new InputStreamResource(file.getInputStream(),
                file.getOriginalFilename());

        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("file", isr);
        params.put("path", "86501729");
        params.put("output", "json");
        String resp = HttpUtil.post(url, params);
        Console.log("resp: {}", resp);
        result = resp;
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    
    return result;
}

/**
     * 
     * @param url 阿里云文件上传接口
     * @param img 添加水印后的图片
     * @param newname 新图片名称
     * @return
     */
    public String fileHutool(String url,BufferedImage img,String newname) {
        try {
            Map<String, Object>  param =new HashMap();
            //1.图片压缩且转成byte[]数组
            byte[] bytes=bufferedImageTobytes(img, 1);
            //2.数组转输入流
            InputStream buffin = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
            //3.输入流转MultipartFile对象,
            MultipartFile    file = new MockMultipartFile(ContentType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM.toString(), buffin);

            //4.把MultipartFile这个对象转成输入流资源(InputStreamResource)
            InputStreamResource isr = new InputStreamResource(file.getInputStream(),
                    file.getOriginalFilename());
            /*5.把条件组成map传给hutool,已测过的hutool文件上传
             * 第一种是map的值是一个File,
             * 第二种就是map的值是转成InputStreamResource
             */
            param.put("myfile",isr);
            param.put("token", "1_grand");
            param.put("name",newname);
            /**
             * 接口会返回一个json格式的数据
             * {"code":0,"msg":"success","data":{"url":"http://grandpic.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/pics/isr.jpg"}}
             */
            String post=HttpUtil.post(url,param);
            JSONObject josn=JSON.parseObject(post);
            //获取data下的接口返回路径
            JSONObject jurl=JSON.parseObject(josn.get("data").toString());
   
            return jurl.get("url").toString().length()>0?jurl.get("url").toString():null;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }

    }

1.2.2 上传传文件第二种是map的值是一个File类型，一下两种列

    @RequestMapping("/order")
    public String getgeneOrder1(@Value("${system.fileUpload}")String url) throws IOException {
        Map<String, Object>  param =new HashMap();
        File file=new File("D:\文件表\test2.jpg");
        param.put("myfile",file);
        param.put("token", "1_grand");
        param.put("name", "isr.jpg");
        String post=HttpUtil.post(url,param);
        JSONObject josn=JSON.parseObject(post);
        JSONObject jurl=JSON.parseObject(josn.get("data").toString());
        System.out.println(jurl.get("url"));
        return post;
    }

 二.HttpClient方式

2.1 pom中添加httpclient依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.3</version>
        </dependency>

2.2 代码案列

    @PostMapping("/order")
    public String getgeneOrder(@Value("${system.fileUpload}")String url) throws IOException {
        //1:创建一个httpclient对象
        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");//设置编码

        //2：创建http的发送方式对象，是GET还是post
        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);

        //3：创建要发送的实体，就是key-value的这种结构，借助于这个类，可以实现文件和参数同时上传
        MultipartEntity reqEntity = new MultipartEntity();
        File myfile=new File("D:\文件表\test3.jpg");
        FileBody fileContent = new FileBody(myfile);

        reqEntity.addPart("myfile",fileContent);
        StringBody content = new StringBody("test.jpg",charset);
        reqEntity.addPart("name",content);
        StringBody contenttoken = new StringBody("1_grand",charset);
        reqEntity.addPart("token",contenttoken);

        httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);
        //4：执行httppost对象，从而获得信息
        HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();

        String resString = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
        return resString;
    }

  这一部分参考这个地址：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000020158062

@RequestMapping("/upload1")
public String upload1(MultipartFile file) {
    String result = "";
    try {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectTimeout(200000)
                .setSocketTimeout(2000000)
                .build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(UPLOAD_PATH);
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
                .setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE)
                .setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"))
                .addTextBody("output", "json")
                .addBinaryBody("file", file.getInputStream(),
                        ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, file.getOriginalFilename());
        httpPost.setEntity(multipartEntityBuilder.build());
        httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            String respStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
            System.out.println(respStr);
            result = respStr;
        }

        httpClient.close();
        httpResponse.close();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return result;
}

三.OkHttp3方式

3.1 OkHttp3引入pom依赖

　　　　　<dependency>
            <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
            <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
            <version>3.9.1</version>
        </dependency>

3.2.参考案列

@RequestMapping("/fileorder")
public String upload2(MultipartFile file) {
    String result = "";
    try {
        OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        MultipartBody multipartBody = new MultipartBody.Builder().
                setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
                .addFormDataPart("file", file.getOriginalFilename(),
                        RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data;charset=utf-8"),
                                file.getBytes()))
                .addFormDataPart("output", "json")
                .build();

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(UPLOAD_PATH)
                .post(multipartBody)
                .build();

        Response response = httpClient.newCall(request).execute();
        if (response.isSuccessful()) {
            ResponseBody body = response.body();
            if (body != null) {
                result = body.string();
                System.out.println(result);
            }
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return result;
}

总结:

个人觉得Hutool的是最简单的，最方便的，Hutool是gethub上的一个开源项目，还有很多其他的工具，个人觉得还可以，参考文档地址：https://www.hutool.cn/

个人觉得hutool的Http已经够用了，底层是基于jdk的HttpUrlConnection实现的。

如果对性能有特殊要求的，可以考虑httpclient或者OKHttp，后两者相对而言，更推荐使用OkHttp。

排名结果就是:hutool<<OKHttp<<httpclient