python杂记-6(time&datetime模块)

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import time

print(time.clock())##返回处理器时间,3.3开始已废弃 , 改成了time.process_time()测量处理器运算时间,不包括sleep时间,不稳定,mac上测不出来
print(time.process_time())
print(time.altzone)#返回与utc时间的时间差，以秒计算
print(time.asctime())#返回时间格式“Thu Nov  3 10:04:39 2016”
print(time.localtime())#返回本地时间的struct time 对象格式
print(time.gmtime(time.time()-800000))#返回utc时间的struc时间对象格式

print(time.asctime(time.localtime()))#返回时间格式“Thu Nov  3 10:07:36 2016”
print(time.ctime())#返回Thu Nov  3 10:08:41 2016

#日期字符串转成 时间戳
string_2_struct = time.strptime("2016/05/22","%Y/%m/%d")#将日期字符串转成 struct时间对象格式
print(string_2_struct)
#
struct_2_stamp = time.mktime(string_2_struct)#将struct时间对象转成时间戳
print(struct_2_stamp)

#将时间戳转为字符串格式
print(time.gmtime(time.time()-86640))#将utc时间戳转换成struct_time格式
print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.gmtime()))#将utc struct_time格式转成指定的字符串格式

#时间加减
import datetime

print(datetime.datetime.now())#返回 2016-11-03 10:51:04.385070
print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()))#时间戳直接转成日期格式 2016-11-03
print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(3))# 当前时间+3天
print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(-3))# 当前时间-3天
print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(hours=3))#当前时间+3小时
print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=3))#当前时间+3分钟

#
c_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print(c_time.replace(minute=3,hour=2)) #时间替换

Directive	Meaning	Notes
%a	Locale’s abbreviated weekday name.
%A	Locale’s full weekday name.
%b	Locale’s abbreviated month name.
%B	Locale’s full month name.
%c	Locale’s appropriate date and time representation.
%d	Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].
%H	Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].
%I	Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].
%j	Day of the year as a decimal number [001,366].
%m	Month as a decimal number [01,12].
%M	Minute as a decimal number [00,59].
%p	Locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM.	(1)
%S	Second as a decimal number [00,61].	(2)
%U	Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.	(3)
%w	Weekday as a decimal number [0(Sunday),6].
%W	Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0.	(3)
%x	Locale’s appropriate date representation.
%X	Locale’s appropriate time representation.
%y	Year without century as a decimal number [00,99].
%Y	Year with century as a decimal number.
%z	Time zone offset indicating a positive or negative time difference from UTC/GMT of the form +HHMM or -HHMM, where H represents decimal hour digits and M represents decimal minute digits [-23:59, +23:59].
%Z	Time zone name (no characters if no time zone exists).
%%	A literal '%' character.