语法：
ROW_NUMBER ( ) OVER ( [ <partition_by_clause> ] <order_by_clause> )
备注：
ORDER BY 子句可确定在特定分区中为行分配唯一 ROW_NUMBER 的顺序。
参数
<partition_by_clause>
将 FROM 子句生成的结果集划入应用了 ROW_NUMBER 函数的分区。
<order_by_clause>
确定将 ROW_NUMBER 值分配给分区中的行的顺序。有关详细信息，请参阅 ORDER BY 子句 (Transact-SQL)。
有关详细信息，请参阅 OVER 子句 (Transact-SQL)。
例子
一、以下示例将根据年初至今的销售额，返回 AdventureWorks 中销售人员的 ROW_NUMBER。
USE AdventureWorks
GO
SELECT c.FirstName, c.LastName, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY SalesYTD DESC) AS 'Row Number', s.SalesYTD, a.PostalCode
FROM Sales.SalesPerson s JOIN Person.Contact c on s.SalesPersonID = c.ContactID
JOIN Person.Address a ON a.AddressID = c.ContactID
WHERE TerritoryID IS NOT NULL AND SalesYTD <> 0
二、以下示例将返回行号为 50 到 60（含）的行，并以 OrderDate 排序。
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
WITH OrderedOrders AS
(SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (order by OrderDate)as RowNumber
FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader )
SELECT *
FROM OrderedOrders
WHERE RowNumber between 50 and 60;
三、实现分页存储过程(固定到某个表的数据)
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author: cxw
-- Create date: 2006/11/14
-- Description: 利用Row_Number函数实现分页存储过程
-- exec DividePageForROW_NUMBER 2,1,'',''
-- =============================================
Create PROCEDURE DividePageForROW_NUMBER
@iPageSize int --每页数
,@iIndexPage int --第几页
,@vOrderBy varchar(50) --排序字段
,@iRowCount int --总记录数
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
with PageTable as
(
select row_number() over(order by ReasonID) TID,* from A
)
select *
from PageTable
where TID between ((@iIndexPage-1)*@iPageSize+1) and @iPageSize*@iIndexPage
SET NOCOUNT OFF;
END
GO