[LeetCode][JavaScript]Verify Preorder Serialization of a Binary Tree

Verify Preorder Serialization of a Binary Tree

One way to serialize a binary tree is to use pre-order traversal. When we encounter a non-null node, we record the node's value. If it is a null node, we record using a sentinel value such as #.

     _9_
    /   
   3     2
  /    / 
 4   1  #  6
/  /    / 
# # # #   # #

For example, the above binary tree can be serialized to the string "9,3,4,#,#,1,#,#,2,#,6,#,#", where # represents a null node.

Given a string of comma separated values, verify whether it is a correct preorder traversal serialization of a binary tree. Find an algorithm without reconstructing the tree.

Each comma separated value in the string must be either an integer or a character '#' representing null pointer.

You may assume that the input format is always valid, for example it could never contain two consecutive commas such as "1,,3".

Example 1:
"9,3,4,#,#,1,#,#,2,#,6,#,#"
Return true

Example 2:
"1,#"
Return false

Example 3:
"9,#,#,1"
Return false

https://leetcode.com/problems/verify-preorder-serialization-of-a-binary-tree/

---

要判断给的序列是不是树的先序遍历序列。

思路就是"挖洞"，如果第一个是数，那就是根节点，它的左右可以放2个节点，有两个"洞"。

此时如果是'#'，填上了一个洞；如果是数，填上一个洞又加了两个洞。

当洞不够用或者最后有没填满的洞，就说明不是先序遍历序列。

/**
 * @param {string} preorder
 * @return {boolean}
 */
var isValidSerialization = function(preorder) {
    var spilted = preorder.split(','), holes = 0;
    if(spilted.length === 0) return true;
    if(spilted[0] !== '#') holes += 2;
    for(var i = 1; i < spilted.length; i++){
        if(spilted[i] !== '#'){
            if(holes > 0) holes++;
            else return false;
        }else{
            holes--;
        }
        if(holes < 0) return false;
    }
    return holes === 0 ? true : false;
};