package map; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Set; public class HashMapDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); // 键不能重复,值可以重复 map.put("san", "张三"); map.put("si", "李四"); map.put("wu", "王五"); map.put("wang", "老王"); map.put("wang", "老王2");// 老王被覆盖 map.put("lao", "老王"); System.out.println("-------直接输出hashmap:-------"); System.out.println(map); /** * 遍历HashMap */ // 1.获取Map中的所有键 System.out.println("-------foreach获取Map中所有的键:------"); Set<String> keys = map.keySet(); for (String key : keys) { System.out.print(key+" "); } System.out.println();//换行 // 2.获取Map中所有值 System.out.println("-------foreach获取Map中所有的值:------"); Collection<String> values = map.values(); for (String value : values) { System.out.print(value+" "); } System.out.println();//换行 // 3.得到key的值的同时得到key所对应的值 System.out.println("-------得到key的值的同时得到key所对应的值:-------"); Set<String> keys2 = map.keySet(); for (String key : keys2) { System.out.print(key + ":" + map.get(key)+" "); } /** * 另外一种不常用的遍历方式 */ // 当我调用put(key,value)方法的时候,首先会把key和value封装到 // Entry这个静态内部类对象中,把Entry对象再添加到数组中,所以我们想获取 // map中的所有键值对,我们只要获取数组中的所有Entry对象,接下来 // 调用Entry对象中的getKey()和getValue()方法就能获取键值对了 Set<java.util.Map.Entry<String, String>> entrys = map.entrySet(); for (java.util.Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) { System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "--" + entry.getValue()); } /** * HashMap其他常用方法 */ System.out.println("after map.size():"+map.size()); System.out.println("after map.isEmpty():"+map.isEmpty()); System.out.println(map.remove("san")); System.out.println("after map.remove():"+map); System.out.println("after map.get(si):"+map.get("si")); System.out.println("after map.containsKey(si):"+map.containsKey("si")); System.out.println("after containsValue(李四):"+map.containsValue("李四")); System.out.println(map.replace("si", "李四2")); System.out.println("after map.replace(si, 李四2):"+map); } }
引用型Key重写equals和hashcode方法:
public class Book{ private String name; private double price; private String author; /** * 原则: * 1、和属性值相关 * 2、属性一样的话,要求哈希值肯定一样 * 属性不一样的,尽最大的限度让哈希值不一样! */ // // 简单方式 // @Override // public int hashCode() { // return name.hashCode()+(int)price+author.hashCode()*31; // } // @Override // public boolean equals(Object obj) { // System.out.println(this.name+" pk "+((Book)obj).name); // // if(this==obj) // return true; // if(!(obj instanceof Book)) // return false; // Book b = (Book) obj; // // return this.name.equals(b.name)&&this.price==b.price&&this.author.equals(b.author); // } public String getName() { return name; } // 推荐的重写 @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + ((author == null) ? 0 : author.hashCode()); result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode()); long temp; temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(price); result = prime * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32)); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; Book other = (Book) obj; if (author == null) { if (other.author != null) return false; } else if (!author.equals(other.author)) return false; if (name == null) { if (other.name != null) return false; } else if (!name.equals(other.name)) return false; if (Double.doubleToLongBits(price) != Double.doubleToLongBits(other.price)) return false; return true; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public Book(String name, double price, String author) { super(); this.name = name; this.price = price; this.author = author; } public String toString(){ /* * %s:字符串 * %c:字符 * %f:浮点 * %d:整数 */ return String.format("名称:%s 价格:%.2f 作者:%s",name,price,author); } }
参考:https://snailclimb.top/JavaGuide/#/java/collection/HashMap