操作excel

写excel--xlwt模块

import xlwt
# book = xlwt.Workbook()
# sheet = book.add_sheet('students1')
# sheet.write(0,0,'id')
# sheet.write(0,1,'name')
# sheet.write(0,2,'age')
#
# sheet.write(1,0,'123')
# sheet.write(1,1,'zjr')
# sheet.write(1,2,'17')
#
# sheet.write(2,0,'123')
# sheet.write(2,1,'zjr1')
# sheet.write(2,2,'18')
#
# sheet.write(3,0,'123')
# sheet.write(3,1,'zjr2')
# sheet.write(3,2,'19')
#
# sheet.write(4,0,'平均年龄：')
# average =sum(sheet)
#
# sheet.write(4,1,average)
# book.save('students1.xls')#如果后缀是xlsx，office打不开

stus = [
    [1,'zjr','BJ',66],
    [2,'zjr1','BJ1',60],
    [3,'zjr2','BJ1',60]
]

stus.insert(0,['编号','姓名','地址','年龄'])
book = xlwt.Workbook()
sheet = book.add_sheet('sheet1')
# row = 0#行
# for stu in stus:#控制行
#     col = 0#列
#     for s in stu:#控制列
#         sheet.write(row,col,s)
#         col+=1
#     row+=1
# ages = [s[-1] for s in stus]
# avg_age = round(sum(ages[1:])/(len(ages)-1),2)
# a = '平均年龄是：%s'%avg_age
# sheet.write(row,0,a)

for row,stu in enumerate(stus):# (0,[1,'zjr','BJ',66])...  枚举的第一个值代表下标
    for col,s in enumerate(stu):#(0,1),(1,'zjr')...
        sheet.write(row,col,s)
ages = [s[-1] for s in stus]
avg_age = round(sum(ages[1:])/(len(ages)-1),2)
a = '平均年龄是：%s'%avg_age
sheet.write(row+1,0,a)

book.save('students8.xls')#如果后缀是xlsx，office打不开

读excel--xlrd模块

import xlrd
book = xlrd.open_workbook('students8.xls')
# sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
sheet = book.sheet_by_name('sheet1')
sheet2 = book.sheet_by_name('Sheet2')
print(book.sheets())#所有的sheet页，返回一个list，list里面就是每个sheet页对象

for s in book.sheets():#循环所有sheet页
    print(s.cell(1,2))

print(sheet.cell(1,1))
print(sheet2.cell(1,1))

print(sheet.row_values(0))#获取整行  ['编号', '姓名', '地址', '年龄']
print(sheet.row_values(1))#获取第2行的数据  [1.0, 'zjr', 'BJ', 66.0]

print(sheet.col_values(0))#获取整列数据，获取第一列数据
print(sheet.col_values(1))#整列

print(sheet.nrows)#多少行
print(sheet.ncols)#多少列

修改excel--xlutils和xlrd模块

from xlutils import copy
import xlrd

book = xlrd.open_workbook('students8.xls')
sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
new_book = copy.copy(book)
print(dir(new_book))#查看方法
copy_sheet = new_book.get_sheet(0)

for row in range(1,sheet.nrows-1):#1,2,3,4
    addr = sheet.cell(row,2).value
    addr = addr.replace('BJ','北京').replace('sh','上海')
    copy_sheet.write(row,2,addr)
new_book.save('students_8.xls')