Django集成celery发送异步邮件

安装依赖

pip install django-celery-beat
pip install django-celery-email
pip install celery
pip install msgpack-python
pip install msgpack

在settings文件中配置

添加app应用到installed_apps中

    "djcelery_email",
    "django_celery_beat"

修改.env文件配置：

#邮箱后端，使用celery email
DJANGO_EMAIL_BACKEND=djcelery_email.backends.CeleryEmailBackend
DJANGO_EMAIL_HOST=smtp.qq.com
DJANGO_EMAIL_HOST_USER=xxx@qq.com # 您的邮箱号
DJANGO_EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD=你的邮箱密码
DJANGO_DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL=默认发送的邮箱号

#CELERY
CELERY_BROKER_URL=redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1  #使用redis 1作为消息代理
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND=redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2 #把任务结果放在redis2库中

添加配置项：

# Celery
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if USE_TZ:
    # http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#std:setting-timezone
    CELERY_TIMEZONE = TIME_ZONE
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#std:setting-broker_url
CELERY_BROKER_URL = env("CELERY_BROKER_URL")
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#std:setting-result_backend
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = env('CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND')
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#std:setting-accept_content
CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT = ["json", 'msgpack']
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#std:setting-task_serializer
CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER = "msgpack"
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#std:setting-result_serializer
CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER = "json"
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#task-time-limit
# TODO: set to whatever value is adequate in your circumstances
CELERY_TASK_TIME_LIMIT = 5 * 60
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#task-soft-time-limit
# TODO: set to whatever value is adequate in your circumstances
CELERY_TASK_SOFT_TIME_LIMIT = 60
# http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/configuration.html#beat-scheduler
CELERY_BEAT_SCHEDULER = "django_celery_beat.schedulers:DatabaseScheduler"


EMAIL_BACKEND = env(
    "DJANGO_EMAIL_BACKEND", default="djcelery_email.backends.CeleryEmailBackend"
)

添加邮箱配置项：

EMAIL_HOST = env('DJANGO_EMAIL_HOST', default="smtp.qq.com")
EMAIL_USE_SSL = env('DJANGO_EMAIL_USE_SSL', default=True)
EMAIL_PORT = env('DJANGO_EMAIL_PORT', default=465)
EMAIL_HOST_USER = env('DJANGO_EMAIL_HOST_USER')
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = env('DJANGO_EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD')
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = env('DJANGO_DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL')

编写celery文件

在项目配置的目录下新增celery_app.py文件

import os
from celery import Celery

# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program.
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "config.settings.production")

app = Celery("你的项目名")

# Using a string here means the worker doesn't have to serialize
# the configuration object to child processes.
# - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys
#   should have a `CELERY_` prefix.
app.config_from_object("django.conf:settings", namespace="CELERY")

# Load task modules from all registered Django app configs.
app.autodiscover_tasks()

在某app目录下新增tasks.py文件：

from django.conf import settings
from django.core.mail import send_mail

from config import celery_app

# 打上装饰器celery就会自动搜索到添加到任务中
@celery_app.task()
def send_activity_verify_email():
    """异步发送新订单邮件"""
    title = '[学时通] 您有一个新活动等待审核'
    message = '您有一个新活动等待审核，请进入学时通管理系统查看'
    send_mail(title, message=message, from_email=settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL,
              recipient_list=settings.EMAIL_RECIPIENT_LIST)

启动celery

来到项目目录下：
执行以下命令
其中config为我的项目配置目录，config.celery_app指我项目配置目录下的celery_app文件

$ /usr/local/python3/bin/celery -A config.celery_app worker -l info

当点击发送邮件时，celery会把任务添加到redis 1库中，邮箱发送完毕后，会在redis 2库中显示结果。