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  • Springboot- Spring缓存抽象学习笔记

    Spring缓存作用准备:

      1、准备数据(准备一个有数据的库和表/导入数据库文件,准备好表和表里面的数据)

      2、创建javaBean封装数据

      3、整合MyBatis操作数据库( 这里用MyBatis)

        1,配置数据源信息

        2、使用注解版的MyBatis;

          1)、@MapperScan指定需要扫描的Mapper接口所在的包

    创建一个springboot项目 -》选择依赖(Core->Cache、Web->Web、SQL->MySQL,MyBatis)  -》

    1,配置数据源信息

    spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_cache?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
     spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root # 不写的时候从url识别 # spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    # 开启驼峰命名匹配规则,将数据库中表的字段含有下划线分割符的匹配到javaBean的驼峰风格属性
    mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true
    logging.level.com.orz.springbootcache.mapper= debug

    2、使用注解版的MyBatis;

    1)、@MapperScan指定需要扫描的Mapper接口所在的包

    package com.orz.springbootcache.mapper;
    
    import com.orz.springbootcache.bean.Department;
    import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
    import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
    
    @Mapper
    public interface DepartmentMapper {
    
        @Select("SELECT * FROM department WHERE id = #{id}")
        Department getDeptById(Integer id);
    }
    package com.orz.springbootcache.mapper;
    
    
    import com.orz.springbootcache.bean.Employee;
    import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
    
    @Mapper
    public interface EmployeeMapper {
    
        @Select("SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id = #{id}")
        public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);
    
        @Update("UPDATE employee SET lastName=#{lastName},email=#{email},gender=#{gender},d_id=#{dId} WHERE id=#{id}")
        public void updateEmp(Employee employee);
    
        @Delete("DELETE FROM employee WHERE id=#{id}")
        public void deleteEmpById(Integer id);
    
        @Insert("INSERT INTO employee(lastName,email,gender,d_id) VALUES(#{lastName},#{email},#{gender},#{dId})")
        public void insertEmployee(Employee employee);
    
        @Select("SELECT * FROM employee WHERE lastName = #{lastName}")
        Employee getEmpByLastName(String lastName);
    }

    EmployeeService
    package com.orz.springbootcache.service;
    
    import com.orz.springbootcache.bean.Employee;
    import com.orz.springbootcache.mapper.EmployeeMapper;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.web.context.annotation.ApplicationScope;
    
    /**
     * @Author ^_^
     * @Create 2019/3/10
     */
    @Service
    public class EmployeeService {
        @Autowired
        EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;
        public Employee getEmp(Integer id){
            System.out.println("查询"+id + "号员工");
            Employee emp = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
            return emp;
        }
    }
    EmployeeController
    package com.orz.springbootcache.controller;
    
    import com.orz.springbootcache.bean.Employee;
    import com.orz.springbootcache.service.EmployeeService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    /**
     * @Author ^_^
     * @Create 2019/3/10
     */
    @RestController
    public class EmployeeController {
        @Autowired
        EmployeeService employeeService;
    
        @GetMapping("/emp/{id}")
        public Employee getEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
            Employee emp = employeeService.getEmp(id);
            return emp;
        }
    }

    Spring缓存步骤:

      1、开启基于注解的缓存 @EnableCaching

      2、标注缓存注解即可

        @Cachable

        @CachePut

        @CacheEvict

    @Cachable将方法的运行结果进行缓存;以后再要相同的数据,直接从缓存中获取,不用调用方法;
    CacheManager管理多个 Cache组件的,对缓存的真正CRUD操作在 Cache组件中,每一个缓存组件有自己唯一一个名字;

    几个属性:

    cacheNames/value:指定缓存组件的名字;将方法的返回结果放在哪个缓存中,是数组的方式,可以指定多个缓存;
     
    key:缓存数据使用的key;可以用它来指定。默认是使用方法参数的值 1-方法的返回值
    编写SpEL; #i d;参数id的值 #a0 #p0 #root.args[0]
    getEmp[2]
     
    keyGenerator:key的生成器;可以自己指定key的生成器的组件id
    key/keyGenerator:二选一使用;
     
     
     
    cacheManager:指定缓存管理器;或者cacheResolver指定获取解析器
     
    condition:指定符合条件的情况下才缓存;
    condition = "#id>0"
    condition = "#a0>1":第一个参数的值》1的时候才进行缓存
     
    unless:否定缓存;当unless指定的条件为true,方法的返回值就不会被缓存;可以获取到结果进行判断
    unless = "#result == null"
    unless = "#a0==2":如果第一个参数的值是2,结果不缓存;
    sync:是否使用异步模式

    程序入口开启使用缓存@EnableCaching和持久层方法上加入可缓存注解@Cacheable

    缓存工作原理和@Cachable工作流程

    我们引入了缓存模块,那么缓存的自动配置就会生效

    原理:

    1、自动配置类;CacheAutoConfiguration

    2、缓存的配置类
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.GenericCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.JCacheCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.HazelcastCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.InfinispanCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CouchbaseCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CaffeineCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.GuavaCacheConfiguration
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.SimpleCacheConfiguration【默认】
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.NoOpCacheConfiguration
    3、哪个配置类默认生效:SimpleCacheConfiguration;
    4、给容器中注册了一个CacheManager:ConcurrentMapCacheManager
    5、可以获取和创建ConcurrentMapCache类型的缓存组件;他的作用将数据保存在ConcurrentMap中;
     
    运行流程:
    @Cacheable:
    1、方法运行之前,先去查询Cache(缓存组件),按照cacheNames指定的名字获取;
    CacheManager先获取相应的缓存),第一次获取缓存如果没有Cache组件会自动创建。
    2、去Cache中查找缓存的内容,使用一个key,默认就是方法的参数;
    key是按照某种策略生成的;默认是使用keyGenerator生成的,默认使用SimpleKeyGenerator生成key;
    SimpleKeyGenerator生成key的默认策略;
    如果没有参数;key=new SimpleKey();
    如果有一个参数:key=参数的值
    如果有多个参数:key=new SimpleKey(params);
    3、没有查到缓存就调用目标方法;
    4、将目标方法返回的结果,放进缓存中
     
    @Cacheable标注的方法执行之前先来检查缓存中有没有这个数据,默认按照参数的值作为key去查询缓存,
    如果没有就运行方法并将结果放入缓存;以后再来调用就可以直接使用缓存中的数据;
     
    核心:
    1)、使用CacheManager【ConcurrentMapCacheManager】按照名字得到Cache【ConcurrentMapCache】组件
    2)、key使用keyGenerator生成的,默认是SimpleKeyGenerator
    @Service
    public class EmployeeService {
        @Autowired
        EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;
        @Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"})
        public Employee getEmp(Integer id){
            System.out.println("查询"+id + "号员工");
            Employee emp = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
            return emp;
        }
    }
     
    自定义KeyGenerator
    package com.orz.springbootcache.config;
    
    import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    
    /**
     * @Author ^_^
     * @Create 2019/3/11
     */
    @Configuration
    public class MyCacheConfig {
        @Bean("myKeyGenerator")
        public KeyGenerator keyGenerator(){
            return new KeyGenerator() {
                @Override
                public Object generate(Object o, Method method, Object... objects) {
                    return method.getName() + "[" + Arrays.asList(objects) + "]";
                }
            };
        }
    }

    调用自定义KeyGenerator

    @Service
    public class EmployeeService {
        @Autowired
        EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;
        @Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"},keyGenerator = "myKeyGenerator", condition = "#id>0", unless="#a0==2")
        public Employee getEmp(Integer id){
            System.out.println("查询"+id + "号员工");
            Employee emp = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
            return emp;
        }
    }

     

    @CachePut

    @CachePut: 既调用方法,又更新缓存数据:同步更新缓存
    修改了数据库的某个数据,同时更新缓存
    运行时机:
      1,先调用目标方法
      2,将目标方法的结果缓存起来


    需要注意缓存的数据
    @CachePut 没有指定key时,默认用传参做key,查询result做value
    需要要指定和@Cacheable用相同的key,更新的key和查询的key达到一致

    service:
    package com.orz.springbootcache.service;
    
    import com.orz.springbootcache.bean.Employee;
    import com.orz.springbootcache.mapper.EmployeeMapper;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
    import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    /**
     * @Author ^_^
     * @Create 2019/3/10
     */
    @Service
    public class EmployeeService {
        @Autowired
        EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;
        @Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"})
        public Employee getEmp(Integer id){
            System.out.println("查询"+id + "号员工");
            Employee emp = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
            return emp;
        }
    
        /**
         * @CachePut: 既调用方法,又更新缓存数据:同步更新缓存
         * 修改了数据库的某个数据,同时更新缓存
         * 运行时机:
         *  1,先调用目标方法
         *  2,将目标方法的结果缓存起来
         *
         *
         *  需要注意缓存的数据
         * @CachePut 没有指定key时,默认用传参做key,查询result做value
         * 需要要指定和@Cacheable用相同的key,更新的key和查询的key达到一致
         *
         */
        @CachePut(value = "emp",key = "#result.id")
        public Employee updateEmp(Employee employee){
            System.out.println("updateEmp:" + employee);
            employeeMapper.updateEmp(employee);
            return employee;
        }
    }

    controller

    package com.orz.springbootcache.controller;
    
    import com.orz.springbootcache.bean.Employee;
    import com.orz.springbootcache.service.EmployeeService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    /**
     * @Author ^_^
     * @Create 2019/3/10
     */
    @RestController
    public class EmployeeController {
        @Autowired
        EmployeeService employeeService;
    
        @GetMapping("/emp/{id}")
        public Employee getEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
            Employee emp = employeeService.getEmp(id);
            return emp;
        }
    
    
        @GetMapping("/emp")
        public Employee update(Employee employee){
            Employee emp = employeeService.updateEmp(employee);
            return emp;
        }
    }

    @

     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/RzCong/p/10507905.html
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