Java操作Excel之POI：excel导出文件

开发步骤：

                    * 1、创建一个工作簿

                    * 2、创建一个工作表

                    * 3、创建一个行对象

                    * 4、创建一个单元格对象，指定它的列

                    * 5、给单元格设置内容

                    * 6、样式进行修饰（跳过）

                    * 7、保存，写文件

                    * 8、关闭对象

1.基础打印

public void testHSSF_base() throws IOException{
        
        Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
        Row nRow = sheet.createRow(7);            //第八行
        Cell nCell = nRow.createCell(4);        //第五列
        
        nCell.setCellValue("demo演示案例");
        
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\testpoi.xls");    
        wb.write(os);
        
        os.flush();
        os.close();
    }

 2.HSSF无模板打印

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (注:表格来自杰信物流SSM java课程案例上的表格)

public void printNotemplate(String inputDate) throws IOException{
        
        /*
         * POI实现excel打印
         * 1、大标题，合并单元格
         * 2、标题，修饰
         * 3、内容，修饰
         * 
         */

        Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();        //创建一个工作簿
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet();            //创建一个工作表
        Row nRow = null;
        Cell nCell = null;
        int rowNo = 0;                            //行号，默认从0开始
        int colNo = 1;                            //列号为1 是因为a列为了打印美观空出来
        
        //创建样式和字体对象
        CellStyle curStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        Font curFont = wb.createFont();
        
        //设置列宽 256，BUG，精度不够，总是差一点
        sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 1*278);                //第1列
        sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 26*278);            //第2列
                
        
        //处理大标题    sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(开始行，结束行，开始列，结束列));
        sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 1, 8));        //合并单元格
        nRow = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
        nRow.setHeightInPoints(36);//行高
        
        nCell = nRow.createCell(1);
        nCell.setCellStyle(bigTitleStyle(wb));
        
        nCell.setCellValue(inputDate.replaceFirst("-0", "-").replaceFirst("-", "年") + "月份出货表");        //yyyy-MM  2019-05改为2019年5月份 2019-10改为2019年10月份
        
        //处理标题
        String[] title = new String[]{"客户","订单号","货号","数量","工厂","工厂交期","船期","贸易条款"};    //标题数组
        nRow = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
        nRow.setHeightInPoints(26);
        
        for(int i=0;i<title.length;i++){
            nCell = nRow.createCell(i+1);
            nCell.setCellValue(title[i]);
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.titleStyle(wb));
        }
        
        //处理内容
        List<OutProductVO> dataList = outProductService.find(inputDate);
        for(int j=0;j<dataList.size();j++){
            colNo = 1;                //初始化 逐行从第2列开始写数据
            OutProductVO op = dataList.get(j);
            
            nRow = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
            nRow.setHeightInPoints(24);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getCustomName());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getContractNo());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getProductNo());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getCnumber());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getFactoryName());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getDeliveryPeriod());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getShipTime());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getTradeTerms());
            nCell.setCellStyle(this.textStyle(wb, curStyle, curFont));
        }
        
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\outproduct.xls");
        wb.write(os);
        
        os.flush();
        os.close();
    }
//大标题样式
    private CellStyle bigTitleStyle(Workbook wb){
        //为了防止创建多个样式和字体，并且只覆盖最后一次设置的样式和字体值，需要创建新对象
        CellStyle curStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        Font curFont = wb.createFont();
        
        curFont.setFontName("宋体");
        curFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short)16);
        curFont.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);                    //字体加粗
        
        curStyle.setFont(curFont);                                        //绑定字体
        
        curStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);                    //横向居中
        curStyle.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);        //纵向居中
        
        return curStyle;
    }
    
    //小标题样式
    private CellStyle titleStyle(Workbook wb){
        CellStyle curStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        Font curFont = wb.createFont();
        
        curFont.setFontName("黑体");
        curFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
        
        curStyle.setFont(curFont);                                        //绑定字体
        
        curStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);                    //横向居中
        curStyle.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);        //纵向居中
        
        
        curStyle.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);                    //设置四周边线，细线
        curStyle.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        curStyle.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        curStyle.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        
        return curStyle;
    }
    
    //文字样式
    private CellStyle textStyle(Workbook wb, CellStyle curStyle, Font curFont){
        
        curFont.setFontName("Times New Roman");
        curFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short)10);
        
        curStyle.setFont(curFont);                                        //绑定字体
        
        curStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);                    //横向居左
        curStyle.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);        //纵向居中
        
        
        curStyle.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);                    //设置四周边线，细线
        curStyle.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        curStyle.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        curStyle.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        
        return curStyle;
    }

 3.HSSF含模板打印

public void printHSSF(String inputDate, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
        //linux下jdk1.8 方法获取时，不会拼接自己写的目录 
        String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + "/make/xlsprint/";
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File(path + "tOUTPRODUCT.xls"));
        
        Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(is);        //打开一个模板文件，工作簿
        Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);            //获取到第一个工作表
        
        Row nRow = null;
        Cell nCell = null;
        int rowNo = 0;                            //行号
        int colNo = 1;                            //列号
        
        //获取模板上的单元格样式
        nRow = sheet.getRow(2);
        
        //客户的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(1);
        CellStyle customStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //订单号的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(2);
        CellStyle contractNoStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //货号的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(3);
        CellStyle productNoStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //数量的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(4);
        CellStyle numStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //生产厂家的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(5);
        CellStyle factoryStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //日期的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(6);
        CellStyle dateStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //贸易条款的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(8);
        CellStyle tradeStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
                
        
        //处理大标题
        nRow = sheet.getRow(rowNo++);            //获取一个行对象
        nCell = nRow.getCell(colNo);            //获取一个单元格对象
        nCell.setCellValue(inputDate.replaceFirst("-0", "-").replaceFirst("-", "年") + "月份出货表");        //yyyy-MM
        
        rowNo++;                                //跳过静态表格头
        
        //处理内容
        List<OutProductVO> dataList = outProductService.find(inputDate);
        for(int j=0;j<dataList.size();j++){
            colNo = 1;                //初始化
            OutProductVO op = dataList.get(j);
            
            nRow = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
            nRow.setHeightInPoints(24);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getCustomName());
            nCell.setCellStyle(customStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getContractNo());
            nCell.setCellStyle(contractNoStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getProductNo());
            nCell.setCellStyle(productNoStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getCnumber());
            nCell.setCellStyle(numStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getFactoryName());
            nCell.setCellStyle(factoryStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getDeliveryPeriod());
            nCell.setCellStyle(dateStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getShipTime());
            nCell.setCellStyle(dateStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getTradeTerms());
            nCell.setCellStyle(tradeStyle);
        }
        
//        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\outproduct.xls");
//        wb.write(os);
//        
//        os.flush();
//        os.close();
        
        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        wb.write(os);
        
        DownloadUtil downloadUtil = new DownloadUtil();                //直接弹出下载框，用户可以打开，可以保存
        downloadUtil.download(os, response, "出货表.xls");
        
        os.flush();
        os.close();
    }

4.XSSF打印

@RequestMapping("/cargo/outproduct/print.action")
    public void print(String inputDate, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
        //linux下jdk1.8 方法获取时，不会拼接自己写的目录 
        String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + "/make/xlsprint/";
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File(path + "tOUTPRODUCT.xlsx"));
        
        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook(is);        //打开一个模板文件，工作簿 2007以上版本
        Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);            //获取到第一个工作表
        
        Row nRow = null;
        Cell nCell = null;
        int rowNo = 0;                            //行号
        int colNo = 1;                            //列号
        
        //获取模板上的单元格样式
        nRow = sheet.getRow(2);
        
        //客户的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(1);
        CellStyle customStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //订单号的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(2);
        CellStyle contractNoStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //货号的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(3);
        CellStyle productNoStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //数量的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(4);
        CellStyle numStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //生产厂家的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(5);
        CellStyle factoryStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //日期的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(6);
        CellStyle dateStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        //贸易条款的样式
        nCell = nRow.getCell(8);
        CellStyle tradeStyle = nCell.getCellStyle();        
        
        
        //处理大标题
        nRow = sheet.getRow(rowNo++);            //获取一个行对象
        nCell = nRow.getCell(colNo);            //获取一个单元格对象
        nCell.setCellValue(inputDate.replaceFirst("-0", "-").replaceFirst("-", "年") + "月份出货表");        //yyyy-MM
        
        rowNo++;                                //跳过静态表格头
        
        //处理内容
        List<OutProductVO> dataList = outProductService.find(inputDate);
        for(int j=0;j<dataList.size();j++){
            colNo = 1;                //初始化
            OutProductVO op = dataList.get(j);
            
            nRow = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
            nRow.setHeightInPoints(24);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getCustomName());
            nCell.setCellStyle(customStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getContractNo());
            nCell.setCellStyle(contractNoStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getProductNo());
            nCell.setCellStyle(productNoStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getCnumber());
            nCell.setCellStyle(numStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getFactoryName());
            nCell.setCellStyle(factoryStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getDeliveryPeriod());
            nCell.setCellStyle(dateStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getShipTime());
            nCell.setCellStyle(dateStyle);
            
            nCell = nRow.createCell(colNo++);
            nCell.setCellValue(op.getTradeTerms());
            nCell.setCellStyle(tradeStyle);
        }
        
//        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\outproduct.xls");
//        wb.write(os);
//        
//        os.flush();
//        os.close();
        
        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        wb.write(os);
        
        DownloadUtil downloadUtil = new DownloadUtil();                //直接弹出下载框，用户可以打开，可以保存
        downloadUtil.download(os, response, "出货表.xlsx");
        
        os.flush();
        os.close();
    }

5.小结

HSSF 比较多，兼顾客户的环境，针对excel2003

XSSF 应用比较少，当数据量比较大时，才采用，针对excel2007及以上

SXSSF 只用在海量数据的导出，且不支持模板导出