树剖

#include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std ;

const int MAXN = 100010;
int a[MAXN],dt[MAXN],n,m,r,p,cnt;
int dep[MAXN],fa[MAXN],son[MAXN],siz[MAXN],topc[MAXN],ID[MAXN],res;

struct Edge{
    int to,nxt;
}edge[MAXN];//tree's Edge -> MAXN-1
int head[MAXN],ectr;
void addedge(int from,int to){
    ectr++;
    edge[ectr].to = to;
    edge[ectr].nxt = head[from];
    head[from] = ectr;
}

struct Tree{
    int l ,r ,dat ,lazy ;
}tree[MAXN<<2];

void build(int q,int l,int r){
    tree[q].l=l,tree[q].r=r;
    if(l == r){
        tree[q].dat = dt[l];
        if(tree[q].dat > p) tree[q].dat%=p;
        return ;
    }
    int mid = (l+r)/2;
    build(q<<1,l,mid);
    build(q<<1|1,mid+1,r);
    tree[q].dat = tree[q<<1].dat + tree[q<<1|1].dat;
    return ;
}
    
void change (int q, int l, int r, int d)//?????? 
{
    if(tree[q].l==l && tree[q].r==r)
    {
        tree[q].dat+=d*(r-l+1);
        tree[q].lazy+=d;
        return ;
    }
    int mid = ( tree[q].l + tree[q].r ) /2;//??????
    if(tree[q].lazy!=0)
    {
        change ( q<<1, tree[q].l, mid, tree[q].lazy);
        change ( q<<1|1, mid+1, tree[q].r, tree[q].lazy);
        tree[q].lazy=0;
    }
    if(r<=mid) change ( q*2, l, r, d);
    else if(l>mid) change( q*2+1, l, r, d);
    else
    {
        change ( q*2, l, mid, d) ;
        change ( q*2+1, mid+1, r, d) ;
    }
    tree[q].dat = tree[q*2].dat + tree[q*2+1].dat;
    return; 
}
    
int query(int q, int l, int r)
{
    int mid = ( tree[q].l + tree[q].r ) / 2;
    if(tree[q].l==l && tree[q].r==r) return tree[q].dat;
    if(tree[q].lazy!=0)
    {
        change ( q<<1, tree[q].l, mid, tree[q].lazy);
        change ( q<<1|1, mid+1, tree[q].r, tree[q].lazy);
        tree[q].lazy=0;
    }
    if(r<=mid) return query(q<<1, l, r);
    else if(l>mid) return query(q<<1|1, l, r);
    else return ( query(q<<1, l, mid) + query(q<<1|1, mid+1, r) );
}

void BRONYA_IS_THE_BEST(int x,int y,int deep){//x -> now , y -> father
    siz[x] = 1;
    dep[x] = deep;
    fa[x] = y;
    int maxson = -1;
    for(register int i = head[x];i;i = edge[i].nxt){
        int v = edge[i].to;
        if (v==y) continue;
        BRONYA_IS_THE_BEST(v,x,deep+1);
        siz[x] += siz[v];
        if(siz[v] > maxson) {
            son[x] = v;
            maxson = siz[v];
         }
    }
    return ;
}

void TERISHA_IS_THE_CUTEST(int x ,int ct){//ct == chain_top
    ID[x] = ++cnt ;
    dt[cnt] = a[x];
    topc[x] = ct;
    if(!son[x]) return ;
    TERISHA_IS_THE_CUTEST(son[x],ct);
    for(register int i = head[x];i ;i = edge[i].nxt){
        int v = edge[i].to;
        if(v == fa[x] || v == son[x]) continue ;
        TERISHA_IS_THE_CUTEST(v,v);
    }
    return ;
}

int I_WANT_YAYI_S_XX(int x,int y){//?????????? 
    int ans = 0;
    while (topc[x] != topc[y]){//??topc???????????????ID[] 
        if(dep[x] < dep[y]) swap(x,y);//?????????? 
        res = query(1,ID[topc[x]],ID[x]);
        ans += res;
        ans %= p;
        x = fa[topc[x]];//???? 
    }
    if(dep[x] > dep[y]) swap(x,y);
    res = query(1,ID[x],ID[y]);
    ans+=res;
    ans%=p;
    return ans ;//? 
}

int CSY_IS_PSYCHO(int x){
    res = query(1,ID[x],ID[x]+siz[x]-1);
    return res ;
}

int main(){
    scanf("%d%d%d%d",&n,&m,&r,&p);//r -> root ,p -> mod
    for(register int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    }
    for(register int i=1,x,y;i<n;i++){
        scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
        addedge(x,y);
        addedge(y,x);
    }
    BRONYA_IS_THE_BEST(r,0,1);//fa[r] = 0
    TERISHA_IS_THE_CUTEST(r,r);
    for(register int i=1,flag;i<=m;i++){
        scanf("%d",&flag);
        if(flag == 1){
            int tra1,tra2,tra3;
            scanf("%d%d%d",&tra1,&tra2,&tra3);
            change(1,ID[tra1],ID[tra2],tra3);
        }
        if(flag == 2){
            int tra1,tra2;
            scanf("%d%d",&tra1,&tra2);
            printf("%d",I_WANT_YAYI_S_XX(tra1,tra2));
        }
        if(flag == 3){
            int tra1,tra2;
            scanf("%d%d",&tra1,&tra2);
            change(1,ID[tra1],ID[tra1]+siz[tra1]-1,tra2);
        }
        if(flag == 4){
            int tra1;
            scanf("%d",&tra1);
            printf("%d",CSY_IS_PSYCHO(tra1));
        }
    }
//    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
//        cout<<"NODE "<<i<<": siz="<<siz[i]<<",father="<<fa[i]<<",deep="<<dep[i]<<",bigson="<<son[i]<<endl;
//    }
//    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
//        cout<<"NODE"<<i<<": newID="<<ID[i]<<",data="<<dt[ID[i]]<<endl;//NOTICE : dt[ID[i]]
//    }
    return 0;
}