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  • Open XML操作Excel导入数据

    项目中发现使用OleDb(using System.Data.OleDb)相关对象处理Excel导入功能,不是很稳定经常出问题,需要把这个问题解决掉。项目组提出使用OpenXML来处理Excel的导入、导出问题,出于兴趣对OpenXML了解一下,做了简单Demo。
    1.Open XML准备
    使用Open XML操作Excel需要安装Open XML Format SDK 2.0及其以上版本,其相关对象和接口建立在Open XML SDK CTP 2基础上的,使用前先下载Open XML Format SDK 2.0及其以上版本。SDK默认会安装在C:Program Files (x86)Open XML Format SDKV2.0 (64bit)目录下,lib子目录下的DocumentFormat.OpenXml.dll必须被引用到项目中。Open XML支持Office 2007及其以上版本,Open XML好像升级到2.5版本了,对于Open XML 2.0和2.5其对象和API接口有所不同,请查阅相关文档。把这个小Demo整出来,花了一些时间,主要是对其中的相关对象和API接口使用的不了解。
    2.简单Excel zip包介绍
    大家应该知道Office 2007都是一些XML文件的压缩包,可以创建一个Office 2007的Excel文件,简单录入几条数据,保存一下。复制一下,做个副本,修改其后缀为zip格式,这样就可以看到Excel的一些相关文件。因需要测试功能,做了简单的Office 2007的文件,修改为zip解压查看相关文件如下图:

    其中需要注意的几个文件styles.xml、sharedStrings.xml、workbook.xml、worksheets中各个sheet。
    styles.xml:主要用来存放Excel中样式的(包括格式化的数据格式,如日期、货币等等);
    sharedStrings.xml:主要存放共享的String数据的,在没有对Excel中相关单元格和数据格式化都可以通过这个文件读取;
    workbook.xml:主要存放工作簿中各个工作表的命名和命名空间,在获取各个工作表的名称可以通过寻址找到节点,获取各表名称;
    worksheets中各个sheet:主要存放各个工作表的相关数据库 可以通过下面这个图了解各个对象的关系,这个是Open XML 2.5开发的相关对象(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/office/gg278316.aspx):

    3.简单功能介绍
    使用OpenXML操作Excel,将Excel中的数据正确读取出来,保持到数据库。但是碰到一些问题,就是如何读取格式化的数据,把日期、时间、货币进行数据格式化,就不能正确的读取数据,由于不是很了解,花了些时间,在网上查了查相关资料解决了一下。估计不是最优解,如果对这方面了解的大牛,希望能指导一下,提供一些更好的方法。
    这里测试了两块,一块把Excel的所有数据按Excel定义的格式转换成DataTable和DataSet;另一块把Excel中数据对照相关数据库实体对象,使用反射进行实体属性赋值,转换失败,则Excel中的数据就有问题。
    一块是将Excel的数据全部搬到DataTable或DataSet,不考虑这些数据是来自数据库的几个表,如果业务需要可以对这个DataTable或DataSet操作;
    另一块是进行数据库实体对象校验,必须Excel中单元格的数据格式和数据库中字段的存储格式一致,当然也可以根据业务的需要继续添加各种验证,你可以继续丰富、优化代码。
    稍加改进了一下,可以支持泛型对象的转换,可以将符合规格的Excel的数据转换成对应的实体对象,即可以映射任何实体对象。那么就可以根据需要转换成DataTable或DataSet,或者对多表数据的转换,可以在此基础上优化,希望对你有帮助。
    4.简单实现介绍
    实现就是建一个WinForm程序,一个导入按钮,一个DataView呈现数据,一个OpenFileDialog选择文件。两个辅助解析Excel的类,ExcelOper和ExcelOperMatch,一个是不进行校验之间转化为DataTableDataSet的;一个是需要数据校验的,其中ExcelOperMatch调用ExcelOper写好的两个方法:GetWorkBookPartRows(获取WorkBookPart中所有的行数据)和GetCellValue(获取单元格的值)。其中对于格式化样式不太好处理,测试数据2的样式:

    5.简单实现效果
    1).测试数据1

    2).实现数据1

    3).测试数据2

    4).实现数据2

    5).测试数据3

    6).实现数据3

    6.示例Demo代码:
    1).ExcelOper.cs文件代码
    (注意DLL和命名空间的引入:using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging和using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet和using System.Diagnostics;)

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Data;
    using System.IO;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
    using System.Xml;
    using System.Diagnostics;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml;
    using System.Reflection;
    
    namespace OpenXMLHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 思考问题:
        /// 1.对于Excel中所有不进行任何验证,直接转化为Table(有列头和无列头)
        /// 2.对于Excel中数据匹配某一指定表的列头及其数据(有列头)
        /// 3.对于Excel中数据不是处理在一张表中(有列头和无列头)
        /// 4.对于Excel中数据多表处理和单表处理
        /// 5.对于Excel中一个Sheet的数据来自多张数据库表
        /// </summary>
        public class ExcelOper
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 将DataTable转化为XML输出
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="dataTable">DataTable</param>
            /// <param name="fileName">文件名称</param>
            public void DataTableToXML(DataTable dataTable, string fileName)
            {
                //指定程序安装目录
                string filePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + fileName;
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write))
                {
                    using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(fs))
                    {
                        dataTable.WriteXml(xmlWriter, XmlWriteMode.IgnoreSchema);
                    }
                }
                Process.Start(filePath);
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 将Excel多单一表转化为DataSet数据集对象
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="filePath">Excel文件路径</param>
            /// <returns>转化的数据集</returns>
            public DataSet ExcelToDataSet(string filePath)
            {
                Class1 cl = new Class1();
                cl.Open(filePath);
    
                DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();
                try
                {
                    using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))
                    {
                        //指定WorkbookPart对象
                        WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                        //获取Excel中SheetName集合
                        List<string> sheetNames = GetSheetNames(workBookPart);
    
                        foreach (string sheetName in sheetNames)
                        {
                            DataTable dataTable = WorkSheetToTable(workBookPart, sheetName);
                            if (dataTable != null)
                            {
                                dataSet.Tables.Add(dataTable);//将表添加到数据集
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception exp)
                {
                    //throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作!");
                }
                return dataSet;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 将Excel单一表转化为DataTable对象
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
            /// <param name="stream">Excel文件路径</param>
            /// <returns>DataTable对象</returns>
            public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string sheetName, string filePath)
            {
      
    
                DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
                //try
                //{
                    //根据Excel流转换为spreadDocument对象
                    using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
                    {
                        //Workbook workBook = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart.Workbook;//主文档部件的根元素
                        //Sheets sheeets = workBook.Sheets;//块级结构(如工作表、文件版本等)的容器
                        WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                        //获取Excel中SheetName集合
                        List<string> sheetNames = GetSheetNames(workBookPart);
    
                        if (sheetNames.Contains(sheetName))
                        {
                            //根据WorkSheet转化为Table
                            dataTable = WorkSheetToTable(workBookPart, sheetName);
                        }
                    }
                //}
                //catch (Exception exp)
                //{
                //    //throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作!");
                //}
                return dataTable;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart获取所有SheetName
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart"></param>
            /// <returns>SheetName集合</returns>
            private List<string> GetSheetNames(WorkbookPart workBookPart)
            {
                List<string> sheetNames = new List<string>();
                Sheets sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Sheets;
                foreach (Sheet sheet in sheets)
                {
                    string sheetName = sheet.Name;
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
                    {
                        sheetNames.Add(sheetName);
                    }
                }
                return sheetNames;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有Row数据
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
            /// <returns>该SheetName下的所有Row数据</returns>
            public IEnumerable<Row> GetWorkBookPartRows(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
            {
                IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = null;
                //根据表名在WorkbookPart中获取Sheet集合
                IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == sheetName);
                if (sheets.Count() == 0)
                {
                    return null;//没有数据
                }
    
                WorksheetPart workSheetPart = workBookPart.GetPartById(sheets.First().Id) as WorksheetPart;
                //获取Excel中得到的行
                sheetRows = workSheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Row>();
    
                return sheetRows;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有Row数据
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
            /// <returns>该SheetName下的所有Row数据</returns>
            public IEnumerable<Column> GetWorkBookPartColumns(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
            {
                IEnumerable<Column> sheetColumns = null;
                //根据表名在WorkbookPart中获取Sheet集合
                IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == sheetName);
                if (sheets.Count() == 0)
                {
                    return null;//没有数据
                }
    
                WorksheetPart workSheetPart = workBookPart.GetPartById(sheets.First().Id) as WorksheetPart;
                //获取Excel中得到的行
                sheetColumns = workSheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Column>();
    
                return sheetColumns;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart和表名创建DataTable对象
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <param name="tableName">表名</param>
            /// <returns>转化后的DataTable</returns>
            private DataTable WorkSheetToTable(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
            {
                //创建Table
                DataTable dataTable = new DataTable(sheetName);
    
                //根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有行数据
                IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
                IEnumerable<Column> sheetColumns = GetWorkBookPartColumns(workBookPart, sheetName);
    
                if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
                {
                    return null;
                }
    
                foreach (Column col in sheetColumns)
                {
                    uint str = col.Min;
                    
                }
    
                //将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
                foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
                {
                    //获取Excel中的列头
                    if (row.RowIndex == 1)
                    {
                        List<DataColumn> listCols = GetDataColumn(row, workBookPart);
                        dataTable.Columns.AddRange(listCols.ToArray());
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        //Excel第二行同时为DataTable的第一行数据
                        DataRow dataRow = GetDataRow(row, dataTable, workBookPart);
                        if (dataRow != null)
                        {
                            dataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
                        }
                    }
                }
                return dataTable;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart获取NumberingFormats样式集合
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <returns>NumberingFormats样式集合</returns>
            private List<string> GetNumberFormatsStyle(WorkbookPart workBookPart)
            {
                List<string> dicStyle = new List<string>();
                Stylesheet styleSheet = workBookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet;
                OpenXmlElementList list = styleSheet.NumberingFormats.ChildElements;//获取NumberingFormats样式集合
    
                foreach (var element in list)//格式化节点
                {
                    if (element.HasAttributes)
                    {
                        using (OpenXmlReader reader = OpenXmlReader.Create(element))
                        {
                            if (reader.Read())
                            {
                                if (reader.Attributes.Count > 0)
                                {
                                    string numFmtId = reader.Attributes[0].Value;//格式化ID
                                    string formatCode = reader.Attributes[1].Value;//格式化Code
                                    dicStyle.Add(formatCode);//将格式化Code写入List集合
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                return dicStyle;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据行对象和WorkbookPart对象获取DataColumn集合
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="row">Excel中行记录</param>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <returns>返回DataColumn对象集合</returns>
            private List<DataColumn> GetDataColumn(Row row, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
            {
                List<DataColumn> listCols = new List<DataColumn>();
                foreach (Cell cell in row)
                {
                    string cellValue = GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
                    DataColumn col = new DataColumn(cellValue);
                    listCols.Add(col);
                }
                return listCols;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据Excel行数据库表WorkbookPart对象获取数据DataRow
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="row">Excel中行对象</param>
            /// <param name="dateTable">数据表</param>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <returns>返回一条数据记录</returns>
            private DataRow GetDataRow(Row row, DataTable dateTable, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
            {
                //读取Excel中数据,一一读取单元格,若整行为空则忽视该行
                DataRow dataRow = dateTable.NewRow();
                IEnumerable<Cell> cells = row.Elements<Cell>();
    
                int cellIndex = 0;//单元格索引
                int nullCellCount = cellIndex;//空行索引
                foreach (Cell cell in row)
                {
                    string cellVlue = GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cellVlue))
                    {
                        nullCellCount++;
                    }
    
                    dataRow[cellIndex] = cellVlue;
                    cellIndex++;
                }
                if (nullCellCount == cellIndex)//剔除空行
                {
                    dataRow = null;//一行中单元格索引和空行索引一样
                }
                return dataRow;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据Excel单元格和WorkbookPart对象获取单元格的值
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="cell">Excel单元格对象</param>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">Excel WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <returns>单元格的值</returns>
            public string GetCellValue(Cell cell, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
            {
                string cellValue = string.Empty;
                if (cell.ChildElements.Count == 0)//Cell节点下没有子节点
                {
                    return cellValue;
                }
                string cellRefId = cell.CellReference.InnerText;//获取引用相对位置
                string cellInnerText = cell.CellValue.InnerText;//获取Cell的InnerText
                cellValue = cellInnerText;//指定默认值(其实用来处理Excel中的数字)
    
                //获取WorkbookPart中NumberingFormats样式集合
                List<string> dicStyles = GetNumberFormatsStyle(workBookPart);
                //获取WorkbookPart中共享String数据
                SharedStringTable sharedTable = workBookPart.SharedStringTablePart.SharedStringTable;
    
                try
                {
                    EnumValue<CellValues> cellType = cell.DataType;//获取Cell数据类型
                    if (cellType != null)//Excel对象数据
                    {
                        switch (cellType.Value)
                        {
                            case CellValues.SharedString://字符串
                                //获取该Cell的所在的索引
                                int cellIndex = int.Parse(cellInnerText);
                                cellValue = sharedTable.ChildElements[cellIndex].InnerText;
                                break;
                            case CellValues.Boolean://布尔
                                cellValue = (cellInnerText == "1") ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
                                break;
                            case CellValues.Date://日期
                                cellValue = Convert.ToDateTime(cellInnerText).ToString();
                                break;
                            case CellValues.Number://数字
                                cellValue = Convert.ToDecimal(cellInnerText).ToString();
                                break;
                            default: cellValue = cellInnerText; break;
                        }
                    }
                    else//格式化数据
                    {
                        if (dicStyles.Count > 0 && cell.StyleIndex != null)//对于数字,cell.StyleIndex==null
                        {
                            int styleIndex = Convert.ToInt32(cell.StyleIndex.Value);
                            string cellStyle = dicStyles[styleIndex];//获取该索引的样式
                            if (cellStyle.Contains("yyyy") || cellStyle.Contains("h")
                                || cellStyle.Contains("dd") || cellStyle.Contains("ss"))
                            {
                                //如果为日期或时间进行格式处理,去掉“;@”
                                cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace(";@", "");
                                while (cellStyle.Contains("[") && cellStyle.Contains("]"))
                                {
                                    int otherStart = cellStyle.IndexOf('[');
                                    int otherEnd = cellStyle.IndexOf("]");
    
                                    cellStyle = cellStyle.Remove(otherStart, otherEnd - otherStart + 1);
                                }
                                double doubleDateTime = double.Parse(cellInnerText);
                                DateTime dateTime = DateTime.FromOADate(doubleDateTime);//将Double日期数字转为日期格式
                                if (cellStyle.Contains("m")) { cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace("m", "M"); }
                                if (cellStyle.Contains("AM/PM")) { cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace("AM/PM", ""); }
                               // cellValue = dateTime.ToString(cellStyle);//不知道为什么Excel 2007中格式日期为yyyy/m/d
                                cellValue = dateTime.ToString();
                            }
                            else//其他的货币、数值
                            {
                                cellStyle = cellStyle.Substring(cellStyle.LastIndexOf('.') - 1).Replace("\", "");
                                decimal decimalNum = decimal.Parse(cellInnerText);
                                cellValue = decimal.Parse(decimalNum.ToString(cellStyle)).ToString();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception exp)
                {
                    //string expMessage = string.Format("Excel中{0}位置数据有误,请确认填写正确!", cellRefId);
                    //throw new Exception(expMessage);
                    cellValue = "N/A";
                }
                return cellValue;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取Excel中多表的表名
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="filePath"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private List<string> GetExcelSheetNames(string filePath)
            {
                string sheetName = string.Empty;
                List<string> sheetNames = new List<string>();//所有Sheet表名
                using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))
                {
                    WorkbookPart workBook = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                    Stream stream = workBook.GetStream(FileMode.Open);
                    XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
                    xmlDocument.Load(stream);
    
                    XmlNamespaceManager xmlNSManager = new XmlNamespaceManager(xmlDocument.NameTable);
                    xmlNSManager.AddNamespace("default", xmlDocument.DocumentElement.NamespaceURI);
                    XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectNodes("//default:sheets/default:sheet", xmlNSManager);
    
                    foreach (XmlNode node in nodeList)
                    {
                        sheetName = node.Attributes["name"].Value;
                        sheetNames.Add(sheetName);
                    }
                }
                return sheetNames;
            }
    
            #region SaveCell
            private void InsertTextCellValue(Worksheet worksheet, string column, uint row, string value)
            {
                Cell cell = ReturnCell(worksheet, column, row);
                CellValue v = new CellValue();
                v.Text = value;
                cell.AppendChild(v);
                cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.String);
                worksheet.Save();
            }
            private void InsertNumberCellValue(Worksheet worksheet, string column, uint row, string value)
            {
                Cell cell = ReturnCell(worksheet, column, row);
                CellValue v = new CellValue();
                v.Text = value;
                cell.AppendChild(v);
                cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.Number);
                worksheet.Save();
            }
            private static Cell ReturnCell(Worksheet worksheet, string columnName, uint row)
            {
                Row targetRow = ReturnRow(worksheet, row);
    
                if (targetRow == null)
                    return null;
    
                return targetRow.Elements<Cell>().Where(c =>
                   string.Compare(c.CellReference.Value, columnName + row,
                   true) == 0).First();
            }
            private static Row ReturnRow(Worksheet worksheet, uint row)
            {
                return worksheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>().
                Elements<Row>().Where(r => r.RowIndex == row).First();
            }
            #endregion
        }
    }
    View Code

    2).ExcelOperMatch.cs代码
    (注意命名空间的引入:using System.Reflection;[稍作改进添加反射实体泛型支持方法,这样就可以将符合规则的Excel数据转换成对应的数据表])

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
    using System.Reflection;
    using System.Globalization;
    
    namespace OpenXMLTest
    {
        public class ExcelOperMatch
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据SheetName和文件路径转换实体对象
            /// 将Excel中的数据映射实体对象集合
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sheetName">操作SheetName</param>
            /// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
            /// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
            public  List<TestPerson> ExcelToPersons(string sheetName, string filePath)
            {
                List<TestPerson> listTestPersons = new List<TestPerson>();
                try
                {
                    using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
                    {
                        WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                        listTestPersons = ExtcelToObjects(workBookPart, sheetName);
                    }
                }
                catch(Exception exp)
                {
                   // throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作!");
                }
                return listTestPersons;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart和SheetName获取实体对象集合
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <param name="sheetName">sheetName</param>
            /// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
            private List<TestPerson> ExtcelToObjects(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
            {
                List<TestPerson> listPersons = new List<TestPerson>();
                List<string> columnValues = new List<string>();//列头值集合
                List<string> rowCellValues = null;//行数据集合
    
                //获取WorkbookPart下名为sheetName的Sheet的所有行数据
                IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = new ExcelOper().GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
                if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
                {
                    return null;
                }
    
                //将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
                foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
                {
                    rowCellValues = new List<string>();//新行数据
                    foreach (Cell cell in row)
                    {
                        //获取单元格的值
                        string cellValue = new ExcelOper().GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
                        if (row.RowIndex == 1)
                        {
                            columnValues.Add(cellValue);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            rowCellValues.Add(cellValue);
                        }
                    }
                    if (row.RowIndex > 1)
                    {
                        int rowIndex = Convert.ToInt32(row.RowIndex.ToString());
    
                        //使用强类型处理
                        TestPerson singlePerson = ConvertToTestPerson(rowIndex, columnValues, rowCellValues);
                        
                        //使用泛型处理,可以转换任意实体
                        //TestPerson singlePerson = ConvertToObject<TestPerson>(rowIndex, columnValues, rowCellValues);
                       
                        listPersons.Add(singlePerson);
                    }
                }
                return listPersons;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据行号列集合行集合转换实体对象
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="rowIndex">行索引</param>
            /// <param name="columnValues">列头集合</param>
            /// <param name="rowCellValues">一行数据集合</param>
            /// <returns>映射的实体对象</returns>
            private TestPerson ConvertToTestPerson(int rowIndex, List<string> columnValues, List<string> rowCellValues)
            {
                TestPerson singlePerson = new TestPerson();//TestPerson对象
                foreach (PropertyInfo pi in singlePerson.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    for (int index = 0; index < columnValues.Count; index++)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            if (pi.Name.Equals(columnValues[index], StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                            {
                                String propertyType = pi.PropertyType.Name;
                                switch (propertyType)
                                {
                                    case "Int32":
                                        pi.SetValue(singlePerson, int.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "DateTime":
                                        pi.SetValue(singlePerson, DateTime.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "Decimal":
                                        pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Decimal.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "Double":
                                        pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Double.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "String":
                                        pi.SetValue(singlePerson, rowCellValues[index], null);
                                        break;
                                    case "Boolean":
                                        pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Boolean.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                }
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        catch (Exception exp)
                        {
                            index = (index - 1) % 26;
                            string cellRef = Convert.ToChar(65 + index).ToString() +rowIndex;
                            string expMessage = string.Format("请确认Excel中{0}位置数据填写正确!", cellRef);
                            throw new Exception(expMessage);
                        }
                    }
                }
                return singlePerson;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 使用泛型,这样可以针对任何实体对象进行映射参照
            /// </summary>
            /// <typeparam name="T">映射实体对象</typeparam>
            /// <param name="rowIndex">行号</param>
            /// <param name="columnValues">列集合</param>
            /// <param name="rowCellValues">行单元格集合</param>
            /// <returns>实体对象</returns>
            private T ConvertToObject<T>(int rowIndex, List<string> columnValues, List<string> rowCellValues)
            {
                T singleT = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();//创建实体对象T
                foreach (PropertyInfo pi in singleT.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    for (int index = 0; index < columnValues.Count; index++)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            if (pi.Name.Equals(columnValues[index], StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                            {
                                String propertyType = pi.PropertyType.Name;
                                switch (propertyType)
                                {
                                    case "Int32":
                                        pi.SetValue(singleT, int.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "DateTime":
                                        pi.SetValue(singleT, DateTime.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "Decimal":
                                        pi.SetValue(singleT, Decimal.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "Double":
                                        pi.SetValue(singleT, Double.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                    case "String":
                                        pi.SetValue(singleT, rowCellValues[index], null);
                                        break;
                                    case "Boolean":
                                        pi.SetValue(singleT, Boolean.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                        break;
                                }
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        catch (Exception exp)
                        {
                            index = (index - 1) % 26;
                            string cellRef = Convert.ToChar(65 + index).ToString() + rowIndex;
                            string expMessage = string.Format("请确认Excel中{0}位置数据填写正确!", cellRef);
                            throw new Exception(expMessage);
    
                            //singleT = default(T);
                        }
                    }
                }
                return singleT;
            }
    
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 辅助测试类
        /// </summary>
        public class TestPerson
        {
            #region 公共属性
            //int类型测试
            public int PersonID { get; set; }
            //bool类型测试
            public bool PersonSex { get; set; }
            //string类型测试
            public string PersonName { get; set; }
            //DateTime 日期测试
            public DateTime PersonBirth { get; set; }
            //DateTime 时间测试
            public DateTime PersonLogTime { get; set; }
            //decimal类型测试
            public decimal PersonAmountMoney { get; set; }
            #endregion
        }
    }
    View Code

    3).WinForm的Button事件代码

     private void btnOperExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                openFileDialog1.Filter = "Text Documents (*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|All Files|*.*";
                if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
                {
                    string filePath = openFileDialog1.FileName;
    
                    ExcelOper excelOperation = new ExcelOper();
    
                    //DataTable dataTable = excelOperation.ExcelToDataTable("Sheet1", filePath);
                    //excelOperation.DataTableToXML(dataTable,"Excel.xml");
                    //this.dataGridView1.DataSource = dataTable;
    
                    //DataSet dataSet = excelOperation.ExcelToDataSet(filePath);
                    //this.dataGridView1.DataSource=dataSet.Tables[0];
    
                    //ExcelOperMatch excelMatch = new ExcelOperMatch();
                    //List<TestPerson> listTestPersons = excelMatch.ExcelToPersons("Sheet1", filePath);
                    //this.dataGridView1.DataSource = listTestPersons;
                }
            }
    View Code

    4).ExcelOperMatchObject.cs([新增泛型处理Excel的数据,这样可以轻松将Excel的数据转换成数据库表])

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;
    using System.Reflection;
    using System.Globalization;
    
    namespace OpenXMLTest
    {
        public class ExcelOperMatchObject<T>
        {
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据SheetName和文件路径转换实体对象
            /// 将Excel中的数据映射实体对象集合
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sheetName">操作SheetName</param>
            /// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
            /// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
            public List<T> ExcelToObjects(string sheetName, string filePath)
            {
                List<T> listTestPersons = new List<T>();
                try
                {
                    using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
                    {
                        WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                        listTestPersons = ExtcelToObjects(workBookPart, sheetName);
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception exp)
                {
                    // throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作!");
                }
                return listTestPersons;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据WorkbookPart和SheetName获取实体对象集合
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
            /// <param name="sheetName">sheetName</param>
            /// <returns>实体对象集合</returns>
            private List<T> ExtcelToObjects(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
            {
                List<T> listPersons = new List<T>();
                List<string> columnValues = new List<string>();//列头值集合
                List<string> rowCellValues = null;//行数据集合
    
                //获取WorkbookPart下名为sheetName的Sheet的所有行数据
                IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = new ExcelOper().GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
                if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
                {
                    return null;
                }
    
                //将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
                foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
                {
                    rowCellValues = new List<string>();//新行数据
                    foreach (Cell cell in row)
                    {
                        //获取单元格的值
                        string cellValue = new ExcelOper().GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
                        if (row.RowIndex == 1)
                        {
                            columnValues.Add(cellValue);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            rowCellValues.Add(cellValue);
                        }
                    }
                    if (row.RowIndex > 1)
                    {
                        int rowIndex = Convert.ToInt32(row.RowIndex.ToString());
    
                        T singlePerson = ConvertToObject<T>(rowIndex, columnValues, rowCellValues);
                        listPersons.Add(singlePerson);
                    }
                }
                return listPersons;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 根据行号列头集合行数据集合,转换数据实体对象 
            /// </summary>
            /// <typeparam name="T">映射实体对象</typeparam>
            /// <param name="rowIndex">行号</param>
            /// <param name="columnValues">列头集合</param>
            /// <param name="rowCellValues">行数据集合</param>
            /// <returns>实体对象</returns>
            private T ConvertToObject<T>(int rowIndex, List<string> columnValues, List<string> rowCellValues)
            {
                //T singlePerson = default(T);
                T singlePerson = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
                //Type singlePerson = typeof(T);
                foreach (PropertyInfo pi in singlePerson.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    for (int index = 0; index < columnValues.Count; index++)
                    {
    
                        if (pi.Name.Equals(columnValues[index], StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                        {
                            String propertyType = pi.PropertyType.Name;
                            switch (propertyType)
                            {
                                case "Int32":
                                    pi.SetValue(singlePerson, int.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                    break;
                                case "DateTime":
                                    pi.SetValue(singlePerson, DateTime.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                    break;
                                case "Decimal":
                                    pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Decimal.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                    break;
                                case "Double":
                                    pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Double.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                    break;
                                case "String":
                                    pi.SetValue(singlePerson, rowCellValues[index], null);
                                    break;
                                case "Boolean":
                                    pi.SetValue(singlePerson, Boolean.Parse(rowCellValues[index]), null);
                                    break;
                            }
                            break;
                        }
    
                    }
                }
                return singlePerson;
            }
        }
    }
    View Code

    5).对于第4点ExcelOperMatchObject类的调用很简单(还是在WinForm的Button事件中调用):

    //Excel数据导入,泛型支持与任意实体对象匹配
    //这里使用TestPerson实体对象做测试对象,你也可以用多个对象,转换成DataTable或DataSet
    ExcelOperMatchObject<TestPerson> execelOperObject = new ExcelOperMatchObject<TestPerson>();
    List<TestPerson> listTestPersons = execelOperObject.ExcelToObjects("Sheet1", filePath);
    this.dataGridView1.DataSource = listTestPersons;

    7.代码结构
    1).ExcelOper.cs文件代码


    2).ExcelOperMatch.cs代码

    8.参考博客

    用Open XML SDK读取Excel
    Walkthrough: Word 2007 XML 格式
    使用OpenXML将Excel内容读取到DataTable中
    SpreadsheetML 文档的结构 (Open XML SDK)》
    使用 Open XML SDK 2.0 检索 Excel 2010 中单元格的值

    至于性能方面项目组老大测试过,相对不错,你也可以用几十万条数据试一下。
    对于数据库数据导出Excel的处理感兴趣的可以看看:《[转载]DataSet导出Excel,比以往的方法导出的Excel外观更加好看

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/SanMaoSpace/p/3294885.html
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