AFNetwork 作用和用法详解

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/codywangziham01/article/details/38088017

AFNetworking是一个轻量级的iOS网络通信类库。它建立在NSURLConnection和NSOperation等类库的基础上，让很多网络通信功能的实现变得十分简单。它支持HTTP请求和基于REST的网络服务（包括GET、POST、 PUT、DELETE等）。支持ARC。

//
//  MJViewController.m
//  03.AFN演练
//
//  Created by apple on 14-4-30.
//  Copyright (c) 2014年 itcast. All rights reserved.
//

#import "MJViewController.h"
#import "AFNetworking.h"

@interface MJViewController ()

@end

@implementation MJViewController
/**
 要使用常规的AFN网络访问
 
 1. AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
 
    所有的网络请求,均有manager发起
 
 2. 需要注意的是,默认提交请求的数据是二进制的,返回格式是JSON
 
    1> 如果提交数据是JSON的,需要将请求格式设置为AFJSONRequestSerializer
    2> 如果返回格式不是JSON的,
 
 3. 请求格式
 
     AFHTTPRequestSerializer            二进制格式
     AFJSONRequestSerializer            JSON
     AFPropertyListRequestSerializer    PList(是一种特殊的XML,解析起来相对容易)
 
 4. 返回格式
 
     AFHTTPResponseSerializer           二进制格式
     AFJSONResponseSerializer           JSON
     AFXMLParserResponseSerializer      XML,只能返回XMLParser,还需要自己通过代理方法解析
     AFXMLDocumentResponseSerializer (Mac OS X)
     AFPropertyListResponseSerializer   PList
     AFImageResponseSerializer          Image
     AFCompoundResponseSerializer       组合
 */

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    [self reach];
}

#pragma mark - 演练
#pragma mark - 检测网络连接
- (void)reach
{
    /**
     AFNetworkReachabilityStatusUnknown          = -1,  // 未知
     AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable     = 0,   // 无连接
     AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN = 1,   // 3G 花钱
     AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi = 2,   // 局域网络,不花钱
     */
    // 如果要检测网络状态的变化,必须用检测管理器的单例的startMonitoring
    [[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] startMonitoring];
    
    // 检测网络连接的单例,网络变化时的回调方法
    [[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
        NSLog(@"%d", status);
    }];
}

#pragma mark - Session 下载
- (void)sessionDownload
{
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
    AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:config];
    
    NSString *urlString = @"http://localhost/itcast/videos/01.C语言-语法预览.mp4";
    urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    
    NSURLSessionDownloadTask *task = [manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:nil destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) {
        // 指定下载文件保存的路径
//        NSLog(@"%@ %@", targetPath, response.suggestedFilename);
        // 将下载文件保存在缓存路径中
        NSString *cacheDir = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[0];
        NSString *path = [cacheDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:response.suggestedFilename];
        
        // URLWithString返回的是网络的URL,如果使用本地URL,需要注意
        NSURL *fileURL1 = [NSURL URLWithString:path];
        NSURL *fileURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path];
        
        NSLog(@"== %@ |||| %@", fileURL1, fileURL);
        
        return fileURL;
    } completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@ %@", filePath, error);
    }];
    
    [task resume];
}

#pragma mark - POST JSON
- (void)postJSON
{
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    
    NSDictionary *dict = @{@"name": @"zhangsan"};
    NSDictionary *dict1 = @{@"name": @"wangwu"};
    NSArray *array = @[dict, dict1];
    // 设置请求格式
    manager.requestSerializer = [AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer];
    // 设置返回格式
    manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];
    
    [manager POST:@"http://localhost/postjson.php" parameters:array success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        
        NSLog(@"%@", result);
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        
    }];
    
}

#pragma mark - 随机文件名上传
- (void)postUpload1
{
    // 本地上传给服务器时,没有确定的URL,不好用MD5的方式处理
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];
    
    [manager POST:@"http://localhost/demo/upload.php" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        
        NSURL *fileURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"头像1.png" withExtension:nil];
        
        // 要上传保存在服务器中的名称
        // 使用时间来作为文件名 2014-04-30 14:20:57.png
        // 让不同的用户信息,保存在不同目录中
        NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
        // 设置日期格式
        formatter.dateFormat = @"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
        NSString *fileName = [formatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]];
        
        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileURL name:@"uploadFile" fileName:fileName mimeType:@"image/png" error:NULL];
        
    } success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        NSLog(@"OK");
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"error");
    }];
}

#pragma mark - POST上传
- (void)postUpload
{
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    // AFHTTPResponseSerializer就是正常的HTTP请求响应结果:NSData
    // 当请求的返回数据不是JSON,XML,PList,UIImage之外,使用AFHTTPResponseSerializer
    // 例如返回一个html,text...
    //
    // 实际上就是AFN没有对响应数据做任何处理的情况
    manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer];
    
    // formData是遵守了AFMultipartFormData的对象
    [manager POST:@"http://localhost/demo/upload.php" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        
        // 将本地的文件上传至服务器
        NSURL *fileURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"头像1.png" withExtension:nil];
        
        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileURL name:@"uploadFile" error:NULL];
    } success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        
        NSLog(@"完成 %@", result);
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"错误 %@", error.localizedDescription);
    }];
}

#pragma mark - JSON
- (void)XMLData
{
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    
    // 返回的数据格式是XML
    manager.responseSerializer = [AFXMLParserResponseSerializer serializer];
    
    NSDictionary *dict = @{@"format": @"xml"};
    
    // 网络访问是异步的,回调是主线程的,因此程序员不用管在主线程更新UI的事情
    [manager GET:@"http://localhost/videos.php" parameters:dict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        
        // 如果结果是XML,同样需要使用6个代理方法解析,或者使用第三方库
        // 第三方库第三方框架,效率低,内存泄漏
        NSLog(@"%@", responseObject);
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", error);
    }];
}

#pragma mark - JSON
- (void)JSONData
{
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    
    // 原本需要拼接get访问URL ? & =
    NSDictionary *dict = @{@"format": @"json"};
    
    // 网络访问是异步的,回调是主线程的,因此程序员不用管在主线程更新UI的事情
    [manager GET:@"http://localhost/videos.php" parameters:dict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        NSLog(@"%@", responseObject);
        // 提问:NSURLConnection异步方法回调,是在子线程
        // 得到回调之后,通常更新UI,是在主线程
        NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", error);
    }];
}

#pragma mark - POST登录
- (void)postLogin
{
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    
    // 原本需要拼接get访问URL ? & =
    NSDictionary *dict = @{@"username": @"wangwu", @"password" : @"wang"};
    
    // 网络访问是异步的,回调是主线程的,因此程序员不用管在主线程更新UI的事情
    [manager POST:@"http://localhost/login.php" parameters:dict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        NSLog(@"%@", responseObject);
        // 提问:NSURLConnection异步方法回调,是在子线程
        // 得到回调之后,通常更新UI,是在主线程
        NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", error);
    }];
}

#pragma mark - GET登录
- (void)getLogin
{
    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    
    // 原本需要拼接get访问URL ? & =
    NSDictionary *dict = @{@"username": @"wangwu", @"password" : @"wang"};
    
    // 网络访问是异步的,回调是主线程的,因此程序员不用管在主线程更新UI的事情
    [manager GET:@"http://localhost/login.php" parameters:dict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        NSLog(@"%@", responseObject);
        // 提问:NSURLConnection异步方法回调,是在子线程
        // 得到回调之后,通常更新UI,是在主线程
        NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"%@", error);
    }];
}

@end