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  • python os.path常用方法

    测试环境: python 2.7

    使用os相关,注意引用:import os

    使用time相关,注意引用:import datetime

    官网:https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html

    os.path.abspath

    # 返回绝对路径
    print(os.path.abspath('path.py'))                       # G:codeDemopath.py
    print(os.path.abspath('../Demo\path.py'))              # G:codeDemopath.py
    print(os.path.abspath('G:codeDemopath.py'))          # G:codeDemopath.py

    os.path.isabs

    # 是否为绝对路径,若是True,否则False
    print(os.path.isabs('path.py'))                         # False
    print(os.path.isabs('G:codeDemopath.py'))            # True

    os.path.split

    # 将路径分割为目录和文件名
    print(os.path.split('G:codeDemopath.py'))             # ('G:\code\Demo', 'path.py')

    os.path.dirname

    # 返回文件目录
    print(os.path.dirname('G:codeDemopath.py'))           # G:codeDemo
    
    # 返回当前文件目录
    curpath = os.getcwd()
    print(curpath )
    
    # 返回curpath的父目录
    parentpath = os.path.dirname(curpath)
    
    # 返回parentpath的父目录
    grandparentpath = os.path.dirname(parentpath)

    os.path.isdir

    # 判定是否是一个存在的目录,若是True,否则False
    print(os.path.isdir('path.py'))                         # False
    print(os.path.isdir('HH:code'))                        # False
    print(os.path.isdir('C:\windows'))                     # True

    os.path.basename

    # 返回文件名
    print(os.path.basename('../Demo\path.py'))             # path.py
    print(os.path.basename('G:codeDemopath.py'))         # path.py

    os.path.splitext

    # 分离文件名和后缀
    print(os.path.splitext('path.py'))                     # ('path', '.py')
    print(os.path.splitext('G:codeDemopath.py'))        # ('G:\code\Demo\path', '.py')

    os.path.isfile

    # 判定是否是一个存在的文件,若是True,否则False
    print(os.path.isfile('Fuck.text'))                     # False
    print(os.path.isfile('path.py'))                       # True
    print(os.path.isfile('G:codeDemopath.py'))          # True

    os.path.commonprefix

    # 返回多个路径中,所有path共有的路径(注意:路径一定要存在,否则会返回空)
    pathTab = ['G:codeLuaProject', 'G:codeDemo', 'G:codecsdDemo']     
    print(os.path.commonprefix(pathTab))                    # G:code

    os.path.join

    # 将目录和文件名组合在一起
    print(os.path.join('G:CodeDemo', 'path.py'))          # G:CodeDemopath.py
    print(os.path.join('G:codepathCode','.lua'))          # G:codepathCode.lua
    ## 在第一个绝对路径前的参数忽略掉
    print(os.path.join('windos','E:code', 'demo.lua'))     # E:codedemo.lua

    os.path.normcase

    # 转换路径的大小写和斜杠
    print(os.path.normcase('D:/windows\system32'))         # d:windowssystem32

    os.path.getctime

    # 返回文件的创建时间(浮点型秒数)
    timestamp = os.path.getctime('path.py')                 
    timestruct = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
    print(timestruct.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),timestamp)     
    # ('2019-01-31 15:13:34', 1548918814.2969258)

    os.path.getatime

    # 返回文件最近的访问时间(浮点型秒数)
    timestamp = os.path.getatime('path.py')                 
    timestruct = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
    print(timestruct.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),timestamp)     
    # ('2019-01-31 15:19:57', 1548919197.053918)

    os.path.getmtime

    # 返回文件最近修改时间(浮点型秒数)
    timestamp = os.path.getmtime('path.py')                 
    timestruct = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
    print(timestruct.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),timestamp)     
    # ('2019-01-31 16:33:43', 1548923623.2079258)

    os.path.getsize

    # 返回文件的大小(字节),如果文件不存在就返回错误
    print(os.path.getsize('path.py'))                      # 3061
    print(os.path.getsize('G:codeDemopath.py'))         # 3061
    #print(os.path.getsize('file.lua'))                    # WindowsError: [Error 2] : 'file.lua'

    感谢原作者的分享:

    http://www.runoob.com/python/python-os-path.html

    https://www.cnblogs.com/wuxie1989/p/5623435.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/SkyflyBird/p/10342795.html
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