继承

# # 继承 is a ：类之间的继承  has a
# '''所有的类都叫自定义类型
# 公路（road):
#     属性，公路名称，公路长度
#
# 车（car）：
#     属性 车名 车速
#     方法1.求车名在那条公路上以多少时速行走了多远
#     get_time(self,road)
#     2.初始化车属性信息__init__方法
#     3.打印对象显示车的属性信息
# '''
#
#
# class Road:
#     def __init__(self, road_name, road_long):
#         self.road_name = road_name
#         self.road_long = road_long
#
#
# class Car:
#     def __init__(self, car_name, car_sud):
#         self.car_name = car_name
#         self.car_sud = car_sud
#
#     def get_time(self, road): # r = road 指针指向的同一个空间
#         print('{}在{}上走了{}'.format(self.car_name,self.car_sud,road.road_name))
#
#     def __str__(self):
#         return '{}{}'.format(self.car_name, self.car_sud)
#
# r= Road('zzz',18000)
# a = Car('zz', 18)
# a.get_time(r)
# print(a)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# student  book computer


class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, book, computer):
        self.name = name
        self.books = []
        self.books.append(book)
        self.computer = computer

    def __str__(self):
        return '{}{}{}'.format(self.name, str(self.books), str(self.computer))  # 这边最好还是学标准化好一点，不然老是报错


class Book:
    def __init__(self, bname, author, number):
        self.banme = bname
        self.author = author
        self.number = number

    def borrow_book(self):
        pass


    def __str__(self):
        return self.banme + '-----' + self.author + '------' + self.number


class Computer:
    def __init__(self, brand, type, color):
        self.brand = brand
        self.type = type
        self.color = color

    def online(self):
        print('正在上网............')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.brand + '----' + self.type + '------' + self.color


diannao = Computer('mac', 'pro', 'red')
print(diannao)
shuben = Book('盗墓笔记', '南派三叔', '10')
print(shuben)
x = Student('zhangzhehui', shuben, diannao)
print(x)


"""
has a 就是一个对象里面包含了另外一些对象的问题，一个类里面我可以去使用一些其他的对象
is a 如果A是B的，那么B就是A的父类=base，好比等边三角形和三角形的关系
ValueError继承于Exception
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def eat(self):
        print('{}正在吃饭'.format(self.name))


class Employee:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def eat(self):
        print('{}正在吃饭'.format(self.name))


class Doctor:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def eat(self):
        print('{}正在吃饭'.format(self.name))

s = Student()
s.eat()
d = Doctor()
e = Employee()
# 明显这三个都是有共同的属性的，如果一个一个写的话太麻烦了
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
那么就直接提取共性，给他们继承，方法如下：
class Preson:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def eat(self):
        print('{}正在吃饭'.format(self.name))


class Student(Preson):
    pass

class Employee(Preson):
    pass

class Doctor(Preson):
    pass

s = Student() 注意这样的这么是有灰色的，要填入参数
s = Student('zzh',18)
s.eat() #zzh正在吃饭
d = Doctor()
e = Employee()
"""


class Preson:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def eat(self):
        print('{}正在吃饭'.format(self.name))


class Student(Preson):
    pass

class Employee(Preson):
    pass

class Doctor(Preson):
    pass

s = Student('zzh',18)
s.eat() 

Debug可以看出 其实还是在student类里面进行了空间的创建

只不过一个问题是student是从preson里面来的，所以底是在person里面的

所以只要找不到东西就会往上面找，从儿子找到爷爷

子类父类中都有init的情况

class Preson:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def eat(self):
        print('{}正在吃饭'.format(self.name))


class Student(Preson):
    def __init__(self):
        print('11121231456412156')
        #如何调用父类里面的init呢？
        super().__init__() #这表示找到父类里面的init 共存

    def shop(self):
        print('zhengazimaidongxi')
--------------------------------------------------------------------
父类子类都有一个函数的时候
class Preson:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    def study(self):
        print('正在学习做人')


class Student(Preson):
    def __init__(self, name, age, clazz):
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.clazz = clazz
    def study(self):
        print('{}正在学习课程'.format(self.name))


s = Student('zzh', 18, 'python')
s.study()

1.如果类中不定义__init__,调用父类中的__init__
2.如果当前的父类中也有需要调用的部分，就需要调用继承一下父类，方法如下：
super().__init__(参数)
super(类名名字，对象).__init__(要调用的参数)
3.如果父类子类都有eat，那么会优先子类的eat，所以有时候会有一个重写的过很override

super().study() 这种就可以同时父类+子类，先父
---------------------------------------------------------------------------# class Preson:
#     def __init__(self, name):
#         self.name = name
#
#     def eat(self):
#         print('我再吃')
#
#     def eat(self, food):
#         print('w z c {}'.format(food))
#
#
# p = Preson('zzz')
# p.eat('5')  # TypeError: eat() missing 1 required positional argument: 'food'
# # 有同名的函数，因为他的顺序是 从上到下，就会直接覆盖掉

# 多继承：
# class A:
#     def test1(self):
#         print('AAAAAAA')
#
# class B:
#     def test2(self):
#         print('BBBBBBBBBBBBB')
#
# class C(A,B):
#     def test3(self):
#         print('CCCC')
# c = C()
# c.test1()
# c.test2()
# c.test3()
# 这就是多继承，只要继承了就会拥有相应父类中的东西

# 如果都是text 那么就会调用C
# class A:
#     def test(self):
#         print('AAAAAAA')
#
# class B:
#     def test(self):
#         print('BBBBBBBBBBBBB')
#
# class C(A,B):
#     def test(self):
#         print('CCCC')

# import inspect
#
#
# class Basic():
#     def text(self):
#         print('basic')
#
# class A(Basic):
#     def text (self):
#         print('AAAAA')
#
# class B(Basic):
#     def text(self):
#         print('BBBB')
#
# class C(Basic):
#     def text(self):
#         print('CCCC')
#
# class D(A,B,C):
#     pass
#
# d = D() d.text()  #AAAAA print(inspect.getmro(D)) #(<class '__main__.D'>, <class '__main__.A'>,
# <class '__main__.B'>, <class '__main__.C'>, <class '__main__.Basic'>, <class 'object'>)
# print(D.__mro__)   这是一个广度优先，从左到右