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  • zabbix基础之环境搭建

    zabbix入门

    环境部署

    安装mysql

    #安装MySQL,官方的MySQL的repo源地址:http://repo.mysql.com/
    #选择指定的MySQL版本,我这里选mysql5.7的版本,复制对应版本的链接地址。
    wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
    
    yum repolist all |grep mysql
    mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community   disabled
    mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - disabled
    mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community    enabled:    118
    mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community -  disabled
    mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community         enabled:     95
    mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Sourc disabled
    mysql-tools-preview/x86_64         MySQL Tools Preview           disabled
    mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source  disabled
    mysql55-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.5 Community Server    disabled
    mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server -  disabled
    mysql56-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.6 Community Server    disabled
    mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server -  disabled
    mysql57-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.7 Community Server    enabled:    364
    mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server -  disabled
    mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server    disabled
    mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server -  disabled
    #最后面的enabled代表已开启版本的MySQL源
    yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community #开启mysql57-community的源
    yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community #关闭mysql57-community的源
    #无论哪个版本,必须有mysqlxx-community、mysql-connectors-community、mysql-tools-community这三个源是开启的,开启的是哪个版本的源,安装的就是哪个的版本。
    
    #安装mysql
    yum -y install mysql-community-server
    #启动/关闭/重启:systemctl start/stop/restart mysqld
    #开机自启:systemctl enable mysqld
    

    安装php&httpd

    #php7.x版本的,web UI安装后在最新数据的底部会有报错:count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable [ in latest.php:103]。介意的话用5.4版本的没有报错。
    #安装php7.2,php的repo源地址:https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
    yum -y install epel-release
    rpm -ivh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
    yum -y install php72w httpd php72w-mysql php72w-mbstring php72w-gd php72w-bcmath php72w-ldap php72w-xml  
    

    初始化MySQL(修改MySQL初始密码)

    必须初始化修改密码,否则大部分操作会报错,如:
    mysql> show databases;
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): Unknown error 1820
    mysql> use mysql;
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): Unknown error 1820

    systemctl start mysqld  #先启动mysql
    sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log #获取初始密码
    2019-09-17T10:32:39.902324Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eQj:=VuCw43h 	# “eQj:=VuCw43h” 即为初始密码
    
    mysql -uroot -p 
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!'; #修改登录密码
    flush privileges;
    #修改密码的复杂性规则:
    set global validate_password_policy=0;
    #上面这个参数用于控制validate_password的验证策略 0-->low  1-->MEDIUM  2-->strong。
    set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0; #大小写的最小个数。
    set global validate_password_number_count=3;	#密码中数字的最小个数。
    set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;#特殊字符的最小个数。
    set global validate_password_length=3; 			#密码长度的最小值。
    #查看密码策略设置
    mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
    +--------------------------------------+-------+
    | Variable_name                        | Value |
    +--------------------------------------+-------+
    | validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF   |
    | validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
    | validate_password_length             | 3     |
    | validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 0     |
    | validate_password_number_count       | 3     |
    | validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
    | validate_password_special_char_count | 0     |
    +--------------------------------------+-------+
    

    创建zabbix数据库

    mysql -uroot -p
    password:
    
    create database zabbix charset 'utf8';
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    
    #将zabbix用户授予所有对zabbix数据库的权限(授权时自动创建zabbix用户)
    grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by '123123';
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    
    flush privileges;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    
    

    安装配置zabbix 3.0

    官方安装文档:https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download?zabbix=3.0&os_distribution=centos&os_version=7&db=mysql

    #获取zabbix3.0的repo源,
    rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
    
    #安装zabbix服务端和agent和web组件
    yum -y install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-agent zabbix-get  
    
    #解压zabbix自带的数据库表
    cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.0.28/
    gunzip create.sql.gz
    #导入到MySQL
    mysql -uroot -p -Dzabbix <create.sql
    password: #输入密码可以看到zabbix数据库中的表
    
    mysql -uzabbix -p
    password: 
    
    use zabbix
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    
    Database changed
    mysql> show tables;
    +----------------------------+
    | Tables_in_zabbix           |
    +----------------------------+
    | acknowledges               |
    | actions                    |
    | alerts                     |
    | application_discovery      |
    | application_prototype      |
    | application_template       |
    | applications               |
    | auditlog                   |
    | auditlog_details           |
    | autoreg_host               |
    | conditions                 |
    | config                     |
    			...
    			
    #修改zabbix-server配置文件
    vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
    #取消下面参数的备注并修改为数据库中设置的参数
    DBName=zabbix
    	...
    DBUser=zabbix
    	...
    DBPassword=123123
    	...
    DBPort=3306
    	...
    #保存退出	
    
    #修改zabbix-web配置文件
    vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
    #将如下这行取消注释,并修改时区为亚洲上海
    php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
    
    #修改zabbix-agent配置文件
    vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
    
    #agent的被动模式,允许哪台服务器拉取当前服务器的数据。server端的agent最好写本地lo+网卡IP,被监控端只写监控端的IP,这个IP只能写本端到目标主机的最后一跳IP。多个IP用逗号隔开。
    Server=127.0.0.1	
    
    #agent的主动模式,将本端服务器的数据主动推送给哪个主机。server端的agent写本地回环,被监控端写监控端的IP
    ServerActive=127.0.0.1	  
    
    #主机名称,使用hosts文件中对应显示的名称
    Hostname=zabbix-server	
    
    #注:主动模式和被动模式可以同时存在,但是server端的agent会报错,但是不影响使用。
    

    启动服务

    systemctl start mysqld
    systemctl enable mysqld
    
    systemctl start zabbix-server
    systemctl enable zabbix-server
    
    systemctl start zabbix-agent
    systemctl enable zabbix-agent
    
    systemctl start httpd
    systemctl enable httpd
    

    查看监听端口

    ss tnl
    State      Recv-Q Send-Q        Local Address:Port                       Peer Address:Port            LISTEN     0      128                       *:22                                    *:*
    LISTEN     0      128                       *:10050    #agent监听端口                *:*
    LISTEN     0      128                       *:10051    #server端监听端口             *:*
    LISTEN     0      128               127.0.0.1:9000     #PHP监听端口                  *:*
    LISTEN     0      128                      :::80       #httpd监听端口                :::* 
    LISTEN     0      128                      :::22                                    :::*
    LISTEN     0      128                      :::10050                                 :::*
    LISTEN     0      128                      :::10051                                 :::* 
    LISTEN     0      80                       :::3306      #MySQL监听端口               :::* 
    
    

    使用浏览器访问:hostIP/zabbix

    一般报错的项是php的参数不符合要求,在/etc/php.ini中找到报错的项,将参数改为图中Required对应的参数即可

    vim /etc/php.ini
    post_max_size = 16M
    max_execution_time = 300
    max_input_time = 300
    date.timezone =Asia/Shanghai
    #保存退出,重启httpd和zabbix-server,刷新浏览器网页
    

    修改语言

    修改管理员登陆密码

    图表字体乱码,更换字体

    #在控制面版中,查看方式设置为大图标,然后找到“字体”,选择字体文件。
    #将windows中的字体文件放在如下目录,一般文件后缀为TTF,将大写的后缀改为小写的ttf。
    cd /usr/share/zabbix/fonts
    #编辑配置文件
    vim /usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php
    #找到如下两项,将引号中的graphfont改为目标字体名称,不用带后缀
    define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME',           'STFANGSO');
    define('ZBX_FONT_NAME', 'STFANGSO');
    
    #改完保存退出即可,刷新网页,即可看到图表中的乱码已为中文。
    

    可能遇到的问题

    Zabbix discoverer processes more than 75% busy

    严重性:Average
    建议:
    1:内存调度问题
    在zabbix_server.conf配置文件中
    增加初始化进程 StartPollers=12
    重启zabbix-server

    2:进程占用问题
    修改zabbix_server.conf中discovery进程数量
    StartDiscoverers=5
    重启zabbix-server

    count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable [ in latest.php:103]

    PHP7.x以上版本的报错,尚未解决

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Smbands/p/11550204.html
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