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  • MySQL高可用MHA环境部署

    前期环境部署:

    配置所有主机名称:

    master1 主机:
    hostname server01
    bash
    master2 主机:
    hostname server02
    bash
    slave1 主机:
    hostname server03
    bash
    slave2 主机:
    hostname server04
    bash
    manager 主机:
    hostname server05
    bash

    配置所有主机名映射:

    vim /etc/hosts         //在每台机器上操作
    192.168.96.4 server01
    192.168.96.5 server02
    192.168.96.6 server03
    192.168.96.7 server04
    192.168.96.9 server05

    scp /etc/hosts 192.168.96.4:/etc/
    scp /etc/hosts 192.168.96.5:/etc/
    scp /etc/hosts 192.168.96.6:/etc/
    scp /etc/hosts 192.168.96.9:/etc/

          //每台机器都发送

    所有主机关闭防火墙和安全机制:(每台机器都操作)

    systemctl stop firewalld
    iptables -F
    setenforce 0

    下载mha-manager和mha-noda

    网址:http://downloads.mariadb.com/MHA/

     manager三个都需要,其他只需要后两个

    安装MHA node

    安装epel源

    wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

     
    yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 perl-DBI.x86_64 perl-CPAN perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker   //安装依赖包
     
    rpm -q perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 perl-DBI.x86_64 perl-CPAN perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder     //检查软件包是否全安装
     
    所有主机安装MHA Node:(所有主机都操作)

    tar xf mha4mysql-node-0.56.tar.gz
    cd mha4mysql-node-0.56/
    perl Makefile.PL
    make && make install

    所有主机在MHA Node安装完后会在/usr/local/bin生成以下脚本:
    ls -l /usr/local/bin/

     安装MHA Manger:(安装MHA Manger之前需要安装MHA Node)在master操作,

    yum install -y perl perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-DBD-MySQL perl-DBI
    perl-Time-HiRes    //安装MHA Manger依赖的Perl模块

    yum -y install perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch.rpm

    rpm -q perl perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-DBD-MySQL perl-DBI perl-Time-HiRes perl-Config-Tiny    //检查软件是否全安装

    安装MHA Manger软件包

    tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz
    cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56/
    perl Makefile.PL
    make && make install
    安装完后回生成以下脚本

    配置SSH 密钥对验证:

    Server05(192.168.96.9)上每台机器都发,在主从服务器的密钥对只在服务器之间发

    ssh-keygen -t rsa

    【(双向的,每台机器互相发)】

    ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.96.4

    ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.96.5

    ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.96.6

    ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.96.7

    ssh server01(exit退出)

    ssh server02

    ssh server03

    ssh server04

    注意:Server05 需要连接每个主机测试,因为第一次连接的时候需要输入 yes,影响后期故
    障切换时,对于每个主机的 SSH 控制。(其余机器不用操作)

    安装MYSQL

    yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel
    systemctl start mariadb
    netstat -lnpt | grep :3306

    设置数据库初始密码(密码在后面会使用)

    mysqladmin -u root password 000000

    搭建主从复制环境

    修改mysql主机的配置文件:

    primary Master(192.168.96.4):

    vim /etc/my.cnf

    server-id = 1
    log-bin=master-bin
    log-slave-updates=true
    relay_log_purge=0

     systemctl restart mariadb

    Secondary Master(192.168.96.5)

    vim /etc/my.cnf


    server-id=2
    log-bin=master-bin
    log-slave-updates=true
    relay_log_purge=0

    systemctl restart mariadb

    slave1(192.168.96.6):

    vim /etc/my.cnf

    server-id=3
    log-bin=mysql-bin
    relay-log=slave-relay-bin
    log-slave-updates=true
    relay_log_purge=0

    systemctl restart mariadb

    slave2(192.168.96.7):

    vim /etc/my.cnf


    server-id=4
    log-bin=mysql-bin
    relay-log=slave-relay-bin
    log-slave-updates=true
    relay_log_purge=0

     

     systemctl restart mariadb

    mysql服务器创建复制授权用户:(server01——04机器,登录mysql操作)

    grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.96.%' identified by '000000';
    flush privileges;

    show master status;    //查看主库备份时binlog名称和位置

    在从服务器操作:(每台从服务器都操作)

    stop slave;
    CHANGE MASTER TO
    MASTER_HOST='192.168.96.4',
    MASTER_USER='repl',
    MASTER_PASSWORD='000000',
    MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',
    MASTER_LOG_POS=473;
    start slave;
    show slave statusG;

     

     三台slave服务器设置read_only状态:

    从库对外只提供读服务,只所以没有写进 mysql 配置文件,是因为随时 server02 会提升为
    master
    [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000 -e 'set global read_only=1'
    [root@server03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000 -e 'set global read_only=1'

    [root@server04 ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000-e 'set global read_only=1'

    创建监控用户(server01——04机器操作)

    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123456';
    flush privileges;

    每一台机器为自己的主机名授权:
    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'server04' identified by '000000';
    flush privileges;

    配置MHA环境:

    Server05(192.168.96.9):在软件包解压后的目录里面有样例配置文件
    mkdir /etc/masterha
    cp mha4mysql-manager-0.56/samples/conf/app1.cnf /etc/masterha

    vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf      //修改配置文件

    【添加内容】

    #设置 master 默认保存 binlog 的位置,以便 MHA 可以找到 master 日志
    master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql
    #设置自动 failover 时候的切换脚本
    master_ip_failover_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
    #设置 mysql 中 root 用户的密码
    password=000000
    user=root
    #ping 包的时间间隔
    ping_interval=1
    #设置远端 mysql 在发生切换时保存 binlog 的具体位置
    remote_workdir=/tmp
    #设置复制用户的密码和用户名
    repl_password=000000
    repl_user=repl

    [server1]
    hostname=server01
    port=3306
    [server2]
    hostname=server02
    candidate_master=1
    port=3306
    check_repl_delay=0
    [server3]
    hostname=server03
    port=3306
    [server4]
    hostname=server04
    port=3306

    配置故障转移脚本:

    vim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover

    【脚本内容】

    #!/usr/bin/env perl

    use strict;
    use warnings FATAL => 'all';
    use Getopt::Long;
    my (
    $command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
    $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port,
    );
    my $vip = '192.168.96.100'; # 写入VIP
    my $key = "1"; #非keepalived方式切换脚本使用的
    my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key $vip";
    my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key down"; #那么这里写服务的开关命令
    $ssh_user = "root";
    GetOptions(
    'command=s' => $command,
    'ssh_user=s' => $ssh_user,
    'orig_master_host=s' => $orig_master_host,
    'orig_master_ip=s' => $orig_master_ip,
    'orig_master_port=i' => $orig_master_port,
    'new_master_host=s' => $new_master_host,
    'new_master_ip=s' => $new_master_ip,
    'new_master_port=i' => $new_master_port,
    );
    exit &main();
    sub main {
    print " IN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip=== ";
    if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
    # $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port are passed.
    # If you manage master ip address at global catalog database,
    # invalidate orig_master_ip here.
    my $exit_code = 1;
    #eval {
    # print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host ";
    # &stop_vip();
    # $exit_code = 0;
    #};
    eval {
    print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host ";
    #my $ping=`ping -c 1 10.0.0.13 | grep "packet loss" | awk -F',' '{print $3}' | awk '{print $1}'`;
    #if ( $ping le "90.0%"&& $ping gt "0.0%" ){
    #$exit_code = 0;
    #}
    #else {
    &stop_vip();
    # updating global catalog, etc
    $exit_code = 0;
    #}
    };

    if ($@) {
    warn "Got Error: $@ ";
    exit $exit_code;
    }
    exit $exit_code;
    }
    elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
    # all arguments are passed.
    # If you manage master ip address at global catalog database,
    # activate new_master_ip here.
    # You can also grant write access (create user, set read_only=0, etc) here.
    my $exit_code = 10;
    eval {
    print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host ";
    &start_vip();
    $exit_code = 0;
    };
    if ($@) {
    warn $@;
    exit $exit_code;
    }
    exit $exit_code;
    }
    elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
    print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK ";
    `ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_ip " $ssh_start_vip "`;
    exit 0;
    }
    else {
    &usage();
    exit 1;
    }
    }
    # A simple system call that enable the VIP on the new master
    sub start_vip() {
    `ssh $ssh_user@$new_master_host " $ssh_start_vip "`;
    }
    # A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master
    sub stop_vip() {
    `ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_host " $ssh_stop_vip "`;
    }
    sub usage {
    print
    "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --
    new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port "; }

    chmod +x /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover     //添加可执行权限

    设置从库relay log的清除方法(server05-07):
    mysql -uroot -p000000 -e 'set global relay_log_purge=0;'

    检查MHA ssh 通信状态:

     masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

     检查整个集群的状态:

    masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

      

     VIP配置管理:

    通过命令方式管理VIP地址:

    打开在前面编辑过的文件/etc/masterha/app1.cnf,检查如下行是否正确,再检查集群状态。

    masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf      //在server05检查manger状态

      nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masrha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover< /dev/null >/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &      //  Server05开启manger监控

     masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf         //再一次检查srver05状态

     在srver01检查ip,可看到VIP为之前用命令配的192.168.96.100

    cat /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log     //查看server05的日志,有四台机器存活,server01为主服务器,02-04为从服务器

     

    模拟主库故障:

    show slave statusG;        //查看server03-04的master为server01

     systemctl stop mariadb      //关闭server01服务

    show slave statusG;      //查看server03-04的master为server02

     

     VIP配置管理

    检查manger状态(master上操作)

    masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf

     开启 manager 监控后台启动manger

    nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover< /dev/null >/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &
     

    masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf        //再次检查状态,显示开启后server01开始有VIP

     

     

     查看manger日志

     cat /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 

    模拟主库故障

    systemctl stop mariadb
    在03,04上查看显示,主库已成02
    show slave statusG

     在05机器直接回车显示进程已经结束

     cat /etc/masterha/app1.cnf      //查看后会显示节点少01

     查看日志会显示已经02为新的master

     tail -f /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log       

    故障主库修复及 VIP 切回测试
    systemctl start mariadb      //重新启动01服务,使其变成从,再升级为主

    stop slave;
    CHANGE MASTER TO
    MASTER_HOST='192.168.96.5',   //此时主服务器ip
    MASTER_USER='repl',
    MASTER_PASSWORD='000000';
    start slave;
    show slave statusG       //若命令出错尝试一下重启slave   ——reset slave;

    修改监控配置文件添加 server1 配置: 
     vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf
    [server01]
    hostname=server01
    port=3306
     
     
    检查集群状态
     masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf 
    开启监控
    nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover< /dev/null >/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 &

    停止02服务,关闭后VIP回到01

     systemctl stop mariadb 
    02机器操作和修复01一样,去掉关闭服务,直接将02加入到从库就可以。
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/XXXX001/p/11722498.html
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