剑指offer——面试题9：用两个栈实现队列

#include "Queue.h"

// ====================测试代码====================
void Test(char actual, char expected)
{
    if(actual == expected)
        printf("Test passed.
");
    else
        printf("Test failed.
");
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    CQueue<char> queue;

    queue.appendTail('a');
    queue.appendTail('b');
    queue.appendTail('c');

    char head = queue.deleteHead();
    Test(head, 'a');

    head = queue.deleteHead();
    Test(head, 'b');

    queue.appendTail('d');
    head = queue.deleteHead();
    Test(head, 'c');

    queue.appendTail('e');
    head = queue.deleteHead();
    Test(head, 'd');

    head = queue.deleteHead();
    Test(head, 'e');

    return 0;
}

// 面试题9：用两个栈实现队列
// 题目：用两个栈实现一个队列。队列的声明如下，请实现它的两个函数appendTail
// 和deleteHead，分别完成在队列尾部插入结点和在队列头部删除结点的功能。

#pragma once
#include <stack>
#include <exception>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdexcept>

using namespace std;

template <typename T> class CQueue
{
public:
    CQueue(void);
    ~CQueue(void);

    // 在队列末尾添加一个结点
    void appendTail(const T& node);

    // 删除队列的头结点
    T deleteHead();

private:
    stack<T> stack1;
    stack<T> stack2;
};

template <typename T> CQueue<T>::CQueue(void)
{
}

template <typename T> CQueue<T>::~CQueue(void)
{
}

template<typename T> void CQueue<T>::appendTail(const T& element)
{
    stack1.push(element);
}

template<typename T> T CQueue<T>::deleteHead()
{
    if(stack2.size()<= 0)
    {
        while(stack1.size()>0)
        {
            T& data = stack1.top();
            stack1.pop();
            stack2.push(data);
        }
    }

    if(stack2.size() == 0){
        std::logic_error ex("queue is empty");
        throw std::exception(ex);
    }

    T head = stack2.top();
    stack2.pop();

    return head;
}