我经常要编写一些可序列化的类，用于存储配置，通过XML的属性标记可以很容易完成这些工作。但是大量的工作任务让我没有多少时间经常编写些‘体力代码’，于是就考虑如何简化这个工作。
那么XML文件是最终的结构，那么能否从XML结构通过某种工具还原为原始的序列化类代码呢？答案是肯定的。
例如:
一个简单的XML 的描述：
<Test x="100.01" y="199.202" />它对应的序列化代码为：
[Serializable]public class Test
{
protected double _x; protected double _y; [XmlAttribute()] public double X
{
get {return this._x;} set {this._x=value;}
} [XmlAttribute()] public double Y { get {return this._y;} set {this._y=value;} }
}一个带集合的XML代码：
<Object Name="MyObject"> <Fields> <Field Name="Title"> <Values> <Value Name="ID" PrimaryKey="true"/> <Value Name="FirstName" Unique="false"/> <Value Name="LastName" Unique="false" Indexed="true"/> </Values> </Field> </Fields> <Methods> <Method Name="Add"> <Params> <Param Name="X" value="1"/> <Param Name="Y" value="2"/> </Params> </Method> </Methods></Object>它对应的序列化代码为：
[Serializable]public class Param{ protected int _value; protected string _name; [XmlAttribute()] public int Value { get {return this._value;} set {this._value=value;} } [XmlAttribute()] public string Name { get {return this._name;} set {this._name=value;} }}[Serializable]public class Object{ protected string _name; protected ArrayList _fields; protected ArrayList _methods; [XmlAttribute()] public string Name { get {return this._name;} set {this._name=value;} } [XmlArray()] [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Field))] public ArrayList Fields { get {return this._fields;} } [XmlArray()] [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Method))] public ArrayList Methods { get {return this._methods;} } public Object() { this._fields=new ArrayList(); this._methods=new ArrayList(); }}[Serializable]public class Field{ protected string _name; protected ArrayList _values; [XmlAttribute()] public string Name { get {return this._name;} set {this._name=value;} } [XmlArray()] [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Value))] public ArrayList Values { get {return this._values;} } public Field() { this._values=new ArrayList(); }}[Serializable]public class Value{ protected string _name; protected bool _unique; protected bool _primaryKey; protected bool _indexed; [XmlAttribute()] public string Name { get {return this._name;} set {this._name=value;} } [XmlAttribute()] public bool Unique { get {return this._unique;} set {this._unique=value;} } [XmlAttribute()] public bool PrimaryKey { get {return this._primaryKey;} set {this._primaryKey=value;} } [XmlAttribute()] public bool Indexed { get {return this._indexed;} set {this._indexed=value;} }}[Serializable]public class Method{ protected string _name; protected ArrayList _params; [XmlAttribute()] public string Name { get {return this._name;} set {this._name=value;} } [XmlArray()] [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Param))] public ArrayList Params { get {return this._params;} } public Method() { this._params=new ArrayList(); }}可以看到，比较复杂的XML代码的序列化类编码工作量是比较麻烦而且单调的。
那么如何才能将XML生成这样的逆向代码呢？
1、 递归遍历XML Node
2、 登记实体类的名称，类似“public class Method”
3、 登记所有属性的信息，解析属性类型，类似“protected string _name;”
// 检查是否为 booleanif ((val == "true") || (val == "false")){ ptype = "bool";}// 检查是否为 int ，如果带小数，则表示为 doubleif (Char.IsDigit(val, 0)){ ptype = "int"; if (val.IndexOf(".") != -1) { ptype = "double"; }}4、 登记集合类的名称，用于创建类似“[XmlArrayItem(typeof(Param))]”的代码
5、 输出代码
实现这些步骤的代码：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Collections;using System.Xml;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace Infotech.Config.Tools.Xml2Class{ public sealed class ClassInfo { public string name; public Hashtable properties; //保存属性 public ArrayList collections; //保存集合名 public Hashtable collectionTypes; //保存集合对应类型 public ClassInfo(string name) { this.name = name; properties = new Hashtable(); collections = new ArrayList(); collectionTypes = new Hashtable(); } } /// <summary> /// XML 转 Class /// </summary> /// <example> /// <code escape="true"> /// Example 1: /// <Database Name="MyDB"> /// <Tables> /// <Table Name="Person"> /// <Fields> /// <Field Name="ID" PrimaryKey="true"/> /// <Field Name="FirstName" Unique="false"/> /// <Field Name="LastName" Unique="false" Indexed="true"/> /// </Fields> /// </Table> /// </Tables> /// </Database> /// Example 2: /// <ComplexNumber Real="12.34" Imaginary="45.67"/> /// </code> /// </example> public class ClassGenerator { protected Hashtable classInfoList; public ClassGenerator() { classInfoList = new Hashtable(); } public string Generate(string src) { classInfoList.Clear(); string dest = ""; XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); try { doc.LoadXml(src); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); return ""; } XmlNode root = doc.DocumentElement; ProcessClass(root); dest = EmitCode(); return dest; } protected void ProcessClass(XmlNode node) { string className = node.Name; ClassInfo ci; if (classInfoList.Contains(className)) { ci = (ClassInfo)classInfoList[className]; } else { ci = new ClassInfo(className); classInfoList[className] = ci; } foreach (XmlAttribute attr in node.Attributes) { string name = attr.Name; string val = attr.Value.ToLower(); string ptype = "string"; // 检查属性是否存在 if (!ci.properties.Contains(name)) { // 检查是否为 boolean if ((val == "true") || (val == "false")) { ptype = "bool"; } // 检查是否为 int ,如果带小数则表示为 double if (Char.IsDigit(val, 0)) { ptype = "int"; if (val.IndexOf(".") != -1) { ptype = "double"; } } ci.properties[name] = ptype; } foreach (XmlNode childNode in node.ChildNodes) { if (!ci.collections.Contains(childNode.Name)) { ci.collections.Add(childNode.Name); foreach (XmlNode grandchildNode in childNode.ChildNodes) { //增加集合类型 if (!ci.collectionTypes.Contains(childNode.Name)) { ci.collectionTypes[childNode.Name] = grandchildNode.Name; }//递归调用 ProcessClass(grandchildNode); } } } } } protected string EmitCode() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in classInfoList) { ClassInfo ci = (ClassInfo)entry.Value; string cname = ci.name.ToUpper()[0] + ci.name.Substring(1); sb.Append("//由 xml2Class 工具生成"); sb.Append("[Serializable]\r\n"); sb.Append("public class " + cname + "\r\n"); sb.Append("{\r\n"); //创建属性变量 foreach (DictionaryEntry prop in ci.properties) { string pname = (string)prop.Key; string ptype = (string)prop.Value; pname = pname.ToLower()[0] + pname.Substring(1); sb.Append("\tprotected " + ptype + " _" + pname + ";\r\n"); } //创建集合变量 foreach (string collName in ci.collections) { string name = collName.ToLower()[0] + collName.Substring(1); sb.Append("\tprotected ArrayList _" + name + ";\r\n"); } //创建属性 foreach (DictionaryEntry prop in ci.properties) { string pname = (string)prop.Key; string ptype = (string)prop.Value; pname = pname.ToLower()[0] + pname.Substring(1); string sname = pname.ToUpper()[0] + pname.Substring(1); sb.Append("\t[XmlAttribute()]\r\n"); sb.Append("\tpublic " + ptype + " " + sname + "\r\n"); sb.Append("\t{\r\n"); sb.Append("\t\tget {return this._" + pname + ";}\r\n"); sb.Append("\t\tset {this._" + pname + "=value;}\r\n"); sb.Append("\t}\r\n"); } //创建集合 foreach (string collName in ci.collections) { string name = collName.ToUpper()[0] + collName.Substring(1); string collNameSmall = collName.ToLower()[0] + collName.Substring(1); sb.Append("\t[XmlArray()]\r\n\t[XmlArrayItem(typeof(" + ci.collectionTypes[name] + "))]\r\n"); sb.Append("\tpublic ArrayList " + name + "\r\n"); sb.Append("\t{\r\n"); sb.Append("\t\tget {return this._" + collNameSmall + ";}\r\n"); sb.Append("\t}\r\n"); } // 创建构造函数，当有子集合才需要 if (ci.collections.Count > 0) { sb.Append("\tpublic " + cname + "()\r\n"); sb.Append("\t{\r\n"); foreach (string collName in ci.collections) { string name = collName.ToLower()[0] + collName.Substring(1); sb.Append("\t\tthis._" + name + "=new ArrayList();\r\n"); } sb.Append("\t}\r\n"); } sb.Append("}\r\n\r\n"); } return sb.ToString(); } }}有些人喜欢看代码，了解思路;而有些人则喜欢直接使用工具,所以我希望这个工具对大家有所帮助,并提供了代码和执行程序的下载。
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