highcharts与ajax的应用

一 前言

公司近日有个需求，报表的数据以图表的形式展现出来。找了很多相关的资料，最后决定用highcharts图表。

Highcharts是一个制作图表的纯Javascript类库，主要特性如下：

• 兼容性：兼容当今所有的浏览器，包括iPhone、IE和火狐等等；

• 对个人用户完全免费；

• 纯JS，无BS；

• 支持大部分的图表类型：直线图，曲线图、区域图、区域曲线图、柱状图、饼状图、散布图；

• 跨语言：不管是PHP、Asp.net还是Java都可以使用，它只需要三个文件：一个是Highcharts的核心文件highcharts.js，还有a canvas emulator for IE和Jquery类库或者MooTools类库；

• 提示功能：鼠标移动到图表的某一点上有提示信息；

• 放大功能：选中图表部分放大，近距离观察图表；

• 易用性：无需要特殊的开发技能，只需要设置一下选项就可以制作适合自己的图表；

• 时间轴：可以精确到毫秒；

二 废话不多说，直接上干货

   1.引入图表所需要的js文件

<script src="~/Scripts/highcharts.js"></script>
<script src="/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>

　2.前端cshtml文件

<div id="container" style="100%;padding-top:50px;"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function () {
        var xtext = [];
        $.ajax({
            type: "Post",
            url: "@(Url.Action("HighchartsToJson"))",
            success: function (result) {
                var json = eval("(" + result + ")");
                for (var key in json.list) {
                    json.list[key].y = json.list[key].Age;
                    xtext.push(json.list[key].Name);
                }
                chart.series[0].setData(json.list);

                for (var key in json.list) {
                    json.list[key].y = json.list[key].Score;
                    xtext.push(json.list[key].Name);
                }
                chart.series[1].setData(json.list);

                for (var key in json.list) {
                    json.list[key].y = json.list[key].OrderCount;
                    xtext.push(json.list[key].Name);
                }
                chart.series[2].setData(json.list);


            },
            error: function (e) {
            }
        });

        var chart = new Highcharts.Chart({
            chart: {
                renderTo: 'container',
                type: 'spline'//选择不同的图表，只需更改具体的值就可以了。详情可以参考：https://www.runoob.com/highcharts/highcharts-setting-detail.html
            },
            title: {
                text: ''
            },
            xAxis: {
                categories: xtext
            },
            yAxis: {
                min:0,
                title: {
                    text: '数值'
                },
            },
            series: [{
                name: "年龄"
            }, {
                name: "分数"
            }, {
                name: "数量"
            }
            ]
        });
    });
</script>

　　3.后台代码

　　　3.1 list转换成datatable

        /// <summary>
        /// list转换成datatable
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="list"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static DataTable ListToDataTable(IList list)
        {
            DataTable result = new DataTable();
            if (list.Count > 0)
            {
                PropertyInfo[] propertys = list[0].GetType().GetProperties();
                foreach (PropertyInfo pi in propertys)
                {
                    //获取类型
                    Type colType = pi.PropertyType;
                    //当类型为Nullable<>时
                    if ((colType.IsGenericType) && (colType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)))
                    {
                        colType = colType.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    }
                    result.Columns.Add(pi.Name, colType);
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++)
                {
                    ArrayList tempList = new ArrayList();
                    foreach (PropertyInfo pi in propertys)
                    {
                        object obj = pi.GetValue(list[i], null);
                        tempList.Add(obj);
                    }
                    object[] array = tempList.ToArray();
                    result.LoadDataRow(array, true);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }        

　　3.2 判断数字是否为纯数字

         /// <summary>
        /// 判断数字是否为纯数字
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private bool IsNumber(string str)
        {
            if (str == null || str.Length == 0)
                return false;
            ASCIIEncoding ascii = new ASCIIEncoding();
            byte[] bytestr = ascii.GetBytes(str);

            foreach (byte c in bytestr)
            {
                if (c < 48 || c > 57)
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

　　3.3  读取数据

  [HttpPost]
        public string HighchartsToJson()
        {
            List<TableHigh> lineChartList = new List<TableHigh>();
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-01", Age = 20, Score = 120, OrderCount = 100 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-02", Age = 18, Score = 100, OrderCount = 80 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-03", Age = 17, Score = 110, OrderCount = 70 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-04", Age = 16, Score = 120, OrderCount = 20 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-05", Age = 22, Score = 120, OrderCount = 33 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-06", Age = 24, Score = 100, OrderCount = 44 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-07", Age = 22, Score = 110, OrderCount = 20 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-08", Age = 28, Score = 130, OrderCount = 70 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-09", Age = 22, Score = 120, OrderCount = 80 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-10", Age = 20, Score = 100, OrderCount = 60 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-11", Age = 27, Score = 110, OrderCount = 90 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-12", Age = 32, Score = 130, OrderCount = 60 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-13", Age = 25, Score = 120, OrderCount = 10 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-14", Age = 22, Score = 100, OrderCount = 100 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-15", Age = 22, Score = 110, OrderCount = 130 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-16", Age = 27, Score = 130, OrderCount = 120 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-17", Age = 28, Score = 120, OrderCount = 170 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-18", Age = 25, Score = 100, OrderCount = 160 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-19", Age = 29, Score = 110, OrderCount = 170 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-20", Age = 31, Score = 130, OrderCount = 22 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-21", Age = 22, Score = 120, OrderCount = 33 });
            lineChartList.Add(new TableHigh() { Name = "2020-05-22", Age = 25, Score = 100, OrderCount = 44 });
            var dt = ListToDataTable(lineChartList);//这里用的是测试数据，可以从数据库读取list对象集合
            StringBuilder jsonBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            jsonBuilder.Append("{"");
            jsonBuilder.Append("list");
            jsonBuilder.Append("":[");

            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                jsonBuilder.Append("{");
                for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    jsonBuilder.Append(""");
                    jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Columns[j].ColumnName);
                    jsonBuilder.Append("":");
                    //jsonBuilder.Append("":"");
                    //判断下是否纯数字，highcharts插件不是纯数字的值要加双引号
                    if (IsNumber(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString()))
                    {
                        jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        jsonBuilder.Append(""");
                        jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
                        jsonBuilder.Append(""");
                    }
                    jsonBuilder.Append(",");
                    //jsonBuilder.Append("",");
                }
                jsonBuilder.Remove(jsonBuilder.Length - 1, 1);
                jsonBuilder.Append("},");
            }
            jsonBuilder.Remove(jsonBuilder.Length - 1, 1);
            jsonBuilder.Append("]");
            jsonBuilder.Append("}");
            return jsonBuilder.ToString();
        }

三 图形效果

四  总结

在网上找了很多关于Highcharts的资料，有的没有前端完整的代码，有的没有后台的详细代码。都只是侃侃而谈；

没有一个完整的例子，自己记录一下，有这方面的需求，大家可以借鉴一下，不喜勿喷！