Unit 14 Money and Finance
线图写作技巧
1.Model1对应图片分析
The graph contains information about the price in US dollars of a barrel of oil from 1995 with predictions to 2015.
2.Model1范文分析
Model 1
The graph shows oil prices in dollars per barrel from 1995 with forecasts to 2015. Overall, oil prices increased by nearly four hundred percent from 1995 to 2009, with the most dramatic increase in the three years from 2006 to 2009. This rise is predicted to continue into the future. Prices started at twenty US dollars a barrel during 1995, and then rose slightly to approximately twenty-four dollars in 1998. The cost of a barrel then dropped for two years, to the lowest point of about eighteen dollars during 2000. After that, there was a steady price rise, reaching about fifty dollars a barrel in 2006. This was followed by a dramatic climb to one hundred dollars in 2009, and it is forecast that this rise will continue into the future, and will level off slightly after 2010.
3.Model2对应图片分析
The information in the graph below contains information about the cost of a house in Britain over 40 years, with projections into the future.
【模仿model1】
The graph shows UK house prices in thousands pounds sterling from 1970 with forecasts to 2015. Overall, UK house prices increased from 1970 to 2005,with a slight decrease to 2015.
4.Model2范文分析
Model 2
The graph shows average house prices in Britain in thousands of pounds sterling over five-yearly intervals from 1970, and forecasts to 20 15. Overall, house prices increased by a significant percentage from 1970 to 2005, with the most dramatic increase in the five years from 2000 to 2005. It is predicted that prices will falls lightly in the future. Prices started at around 110 thousand pounds sterling during 1970, and stayed steady for five years. They then fluctuated between 110 and 120 thousand pounds for the next twenty years, and from 1995 to 2000 there was a steady rise to over 120 thousand pounds, which was followed by a dramatic climb in prices to approximately 190 thousand pounds during the next five years. It is forecast that this rise will not continue into the future and that prices will drop steadily to around 180 thousand pounds in 2015.
5.Writing practice 分析
The graph shows television set prices over several ten year periods and into the future.
练习18
18.Now, write a paragraph about this graph, which has two lines. Follow the model in the book.
6.Unit14课后练习讲解
1).练习1
Think of other words you know to complete the table below.
| Money | Time | Adjectives for describing change |
| cost | decade | surprising |
| dollars | dramatic | |
| pounds | ||
2).练习2
Write these numbers as words.
95 __________________________
2,000 _________________________
40 ___________________________
3,000,000 ________________________
95,000 ________________________
19 __________________________
72 __________________
3. thirteen ,sixty-two, eleven, one hundred and ninety, thirty, a million, two thousand and ten, twelve, fifty-two thousand, sixteen, eight
4.In/per
Useful words for describing graphs
'in' for currency or unit of measurement
'per' to express rates and ratios
Example: oil prices -- $$ -- barrel
'This chart shows oil prices in dollars per barrel.'
Write four sentences following the model above."
blueberry production -- kg -- year
egg prices -- ~~ -- dozen
price of gold -- ~~ -- ounce
population -- millions- city
5).练习5
Essential Grammar
- Describing changes: adjective + noun and verb + adverb
Example:
In 199 l, the price increased suddenly. (verb + adverb)
In 1991, there was a sudden increase in price. (adjective + noun)
Note the different sentence structure with these two options.
Change the sentences so they use the alternative language structure for describing the changes. Watch word order carefully.
a. In 2004, the cost of oil increased slightly to $26 per barrel.
b. There was a moderate climb in house prices in 2007.
c. There was a significant fall in oil prices over the next two years.
d. Enrolments at university dropped slightly last year.
e. There was a dramatic increase in house prices over a twenty year period.
f. Beef prices rose steadily for two years to reach a peak of $22 per kilo.
g. The cost of a house dropped suddenly in 1992.
h. There was a dramatic rise in gold prices last month, from $700 to $900 per ounce.
6).练习6
Complete the sentences with the correct words from the list below. Choose one word from each list for each sentence. Check word forms carefully.
slight, steady, sudden, significant, dramatic, moderate
rise, drop, fall, climb, increase, decrease
a. The price ____________________ from 100 dollars to 102 dollars.
b. There was a _______________ in the cost of oil from 95 dollars to 75 dollars over one month.
c. The price _______________ over three years, increasing by five dollars each year.
d. There was a _____________________ from 102 dollars to 100 dollars.
e. The cost of oil _________________ from 75 dollars to 90 dollars over seven years.
f. There was a _________________ in the price over three years, increasing by five dollars each year.
g. There was a __________________ in student enrolments last year, from 20,000 to 12,000.
h. The average population of major cities in the USA has _________________ from 4 to 4.2 million.
7).练习7
- Expressions for describing future predictions
Examples:
The chart includes a forecast/prediction for the next twenty years. (noun - use this structure in your introduction)
It is forecasted/predicted that this rise will continue for the next ten years. (passive verb - use this structure when describing data in the chart)
Turn the sentence fragments below into sentences. Use a variety of sentence structures.
Example:
Oil prices: 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013 (future- up).
--- This chart shows oil prices in two-yearly intervals starting from 1995, and future predictions to 2013. It is predicted that oil prices will continue to rise to 2014. OR: It is predicted that there will be a rise until 2013.
a. Gold prices: 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 (future-down)...
b. Population: 1981 - 1990, 1991 - 2000, 2001 - 2010, 2011 - 2020, 2021 - 2030 (future - steady).
c. Net immigration: 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, … 2020 (future - slightly up).
d. GDP (gross domestic product): 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 (future - rise to 2015, then fall).
e. House prices: 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015 (future- steady fall).
f. CPI (consumer price index): 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 (future - slight fall).
g. Cell phone sales: Jan 2005,Jan 2006,Jan 2007,Jan 2008,Jan 2009,Jan 2010 (future - dramatic rise).
h. Oil prices: 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 (future - steady rise).
8).练习8
Examples:
The graph shows an increase over the thirty years shown.
Prices rose for two years, before dropping again in 1992.
After a slight drop, there was a steady price rise.
Look at these sentences. Choose the correct preposition of time.
a. The most dramatic increase in price was (in, after) the last year.
b. The cost of oil dropped (for, before) two years, and then started to increase.
c. The price of a house remained stable (before, over) rising suddenly.
d. (After, For) the sudden drop, prices increased steadily during the 1980s.
e. (Over, After) the next twenty years, prices will continue to rise.
f. Prices will continue to fall (at/in) the next year.
g. (In/At) 1992, prices rose (to/for) $4,000, (after/before) dropping again in 1993.
h. (During/at) 1990-- 1992, prices fell dramatically.
i. Prices are predicted td rise (for/on) the next twenty years.
j. The biggest decrease in price was(_____) the period of 1990-1995.