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  • CentOS下Mysql简易操作

    Mysql

    mysql的root密码重置

    编辑mysql主配置文件

    vim /etc/my.cnf

    添加..grant参数

    [mysqld]

    skip-grant

    重启mysql服务

    service mysqld restart

    进入数据库不用授权

    更新root用户密码

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot

    use mysql;

    update user set password=password('mysql1234') where user='root';

    flush privileges;

    quit;

    注释添加的...grant参数

    vim /etc/my.cnf

    重启mysql服务

    service mysqld restart

    重新用新密码登录

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmysql1234

     

    mysql登录

    -u用户

    -p密码

    -h主机

    -P端口

    -S套接字

     

    默认Mysql的root用户密码为空,登录不用加-p选项

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1

     

    设置一个密码

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'mysql1234'

     

    再次登录

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -pmysql1234 -h 127.0.0.1

     

    套结字本地登录

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock -pmysql1234

     

    再设置一个密码就需要输入之前的密码

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -pmysql1234 password 'mysql12345' -h 127.0.0.1

     

     

    设置别名

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/bashrc

    alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

    alias mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

     

    更改PATH

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/path.sh

    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

     

    [root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/path.sh

    mysql常用操作

    查看都有哪些库

    mysql> show databases;

    +--------------------+

    | Database |

    +--------------------+

    | information_schema |

    | discuz |

    | mysql |

    | test |

    +--------------------+

    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看某个库的表

    mysql> use information_schema;show tables;

    Database changed

    +---------------------------------------+

    | Tables_in_information_schema |

    +---------------------------------------+

    | CHARACTER_SETS |

    | COLLATIONS |

    | COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY |

    | COLUMNS |

    | COLUMN_PRIVILEGES |

    | ENGINES |

    | EVENTS |

    | FILES |

    | GLOBAL_STATUS |

    | GLOBAL_VARIABLES |

    | KEY_COLUMN_USAGE |

    | PARTITIONS |

    | PLUGINS |

    | PROCESSLIST |

    | PROFILING |

    | REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS |

    | ROUTINES |

    | SCHEMATA |

    | SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES |

    | SESSION_STATUS |

    | SESSION_VARIABLES |

    | STATISTICS |

    | TABLES |

    | TABLE_CONSTRAINTS |

    | TABLE_PRIVILEGES |

    | TRIGGERS |

    | USER_PRIVILEGES |

    | VIEWS |

    +---------------------------------------+

    28 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看表的字段类型

    mysql> desc VIEWS;

    +----------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |

    +----------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    | TABLE_CATALOG | varchar(512) | YES | | NULL | |

    | TABLE_SCHEMA | varchar(64) | NO | | | |

    | TABLE_NAME | varchar(64) | NO | | | |

    | VIEW_DEFINITION | longtext | NO | | NULL | |

    | CHECK_OPTION | varchar(8) | NO | | | |

    | IS_UPDATABLE | varchar(3) | NO | | | |

    | DEFINER | varchar(77) | NO | | | |

    | SECURITY_TYPE | varchar(7) | NO | | | |

    | CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT | varchar(32) | NO | | | |

    | COLLATION_CONNECTION | varchar(32) | NO | | | |

    +----------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

    10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看创建表的语句

    mysql> show create table VIEWS;

    +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    | Table | Create Table |

    +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    | VIEWS | CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE `VIEWS` (

    `TABLE_CATALOG` varchar(512) DEFAULT NULL,

    `TABLE_SCHEMA` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `TABLE_NAME` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `VIEW_DEFINITION` longtext NOT NULL,

    `CHECK_OPTION` varchar(8) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `IS_UPDATABLE` varchar(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `DEFINER` varchar(77) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `SECURITY_TYPE` varchar(7) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

    `COLLATION_CONNECTION` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''

    ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |

    +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

     

    查看创建库的语句

    mysql> show create database information_schema;

    +--------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    | Database | Create Database |

    +--------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    | information_schema | CREATE DATABASE `information_schema` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |

    +--------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看当前是哪个用户

    mysql> select user();

    +----------------+

    | user() |

    +----------------+

    | root@localhost |

    +----------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看当前库

    mysql> select database();

    +--------------------+

    | database() |

    +--------------------+

    | information_schema |

    +--------------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    创建一个库

    mysql> create database db1;

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

     

    指定使用某个库

    mysql> use db1;

    Database changed

     

    创建某个表

    mysql> create table t1(`id` int(4),`name` char(40));

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

     

    插入数据

    mysql> insert into t1(id,name) values (1,'gyt');

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

     

    查询表内容

    mysql> select * from t1;

    +------+------+

    | id | name |

    +------+------+

    | 1 | gyt |

    +------+------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看数据库版本

    mysql> select version();

    +------------+

    | version() |

    +------------+

    | 5.1.73-log |

    +------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查看mysql状态

    mysql> show status;

    +-----------------------------------+----------+

    | Variable_name | Value |

    +-----------------------------------+----------+

    | Aborted_clients | 0 |

    | Aborted_connects | 3 |

    | Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |

    | Binlog_cache_use | 0 |

    | Bytes_received | 870 |

    | Bytes_sent | 12055 |

    | Com_admin_commands | 0 |

    | Com_assign_to_keycache | 0 |

    | Com_alter_db | 0 |

    | Com_alter_db_upgrade | 0 |

    | Com_alter_event | 0 |

    | Com_alter_function | 0 |

    | Com_alter_procedure | 0 |

    | Com_alter_server | 0 |

    | Com_alter_table | 0 |

    | Com_alter_tablespace | 0 |

    | Com_analyze | 0 |

    | Com_backup_table | 0 |

    | Com_begin | 0 |

    | Com_binlog | 0 |

    | Com_call_procedure | 0 |

    | Com_change_db | 3 |

    | Com_change_master | 0 |

    | Com_check | 0 |

    | Com_checksum | 0 |

    | Com_commit | 0 |

    | Com_create_db | 1 |

    | Com_create_event | 0 |

    | Com_create_function | 0 |

    | Com_create_index | 0 |

    | Com_create_procedure | 0 |

    | Com_create_server | 0 |

    | Com_create_table | 1 |

    | Com_create_trigger | 0 |

    | Com_create_udf | 0 |

    | Com_create_user | 0 |

    | Com_create_view | 0 |

    | Com_dealloc_sql | 0 |

    | Com_delete | 0 |

    | Com_delete_multi | 0 |

    | Com_do | 0 |

    | Com_drop_db | 0 |

    | Com_drop_event | 0 |

    | Com_drop_function | 0 |

    | Com_drop_index | 0 |

    | Com_drop_procedure | 0 |

    | Com_drop_server | 0 |

    | Com_drop_table | 0 |

    | Com_drop_trigger | 0 |

    | Com_drop_user | 0 |

    | Com_drop_view | 0 |

    | Com_empty_query | 0 |

    | Com_execute_sql | 0 |

    | Com_flush | 0 |

    | Com_grant | 0 |

    | Com_ha_close | 0 |

    | Com_ha_open | 0 |

    | Com_ha_read | 0 |

    | Com_help | 0 |

    | Com_insert | 1 |

    | Com_insert_select | 0 |

    | Com_install_plugin | 0 |

    | Com_kill | 0 |

    | Com_load | 0 |

    | Com_load_master_data | 0 |

    | Com_load_master_table | 0 |

    | Com_lock_tables | 0 |

    | Com_optimize | 0 |

    | Com_preload_keys | 0 |

    | Com_prepare_sql | 0 |

    | Com_purge | 0 |

    | Com_purge_before_date | 0 |

    | Com_release_savepoint | 0 |

    | Com_rename_table | 0 |

    | Com_rename_user | 0 |

    | Com_repair | 0 |

    | Com_replace | 0 |

    | Com_replace_select | 0 |

    | Com_reset | 0 |

    | Com_restore_table | 0 |

    | Com_revoke | 0 |

    | Com_revoke_all | 0 |

    | Com_rollback | 0 |

    | Com_rollback_to_savepoint | 0 |

    | Com_savepoint | 0 |

    | Com_select | 9 |

    | Com_set_option | 0 |

    | Com_show_authors | 0 |

    | Com_show_binlog_events | 0 |

    | Com_show_binlogs | 0 |

    | Com_show_charsets | 0 |

    | Com_show_collations | 0 |

    | Com_show_column_types | 0 |

    | Com_show_contributors | 0 |

    | Com_show_create_db | 2 |

    | Com_show_create_event | 0 |

    | Com_show_create_func | 0 |

    | Com_show_create_proc | 0 |

    | Com_show_create_table | 1 |

    | Com_show_create_trigger | 0 |

    | Com_show_databases | 2 |

    | Com_show_engine_logs | 0 |

    | Com_show_engine_mutex | 0 |

    | Com_show_engine_status | 0 |

    | Com_show_events | 0 |

    | Com_show_errors | 0 |

    | Com_show_fields | 2 |

    | Com_show_function_status | 0 |

    | Com_show_grants | 0 |

    | Com_show_keys | 0 |

    | Com_show_master_status | 0 |

    | Com_show_new_master | 0 |

    | Com_show_open_tables | 0 |

    | Com_show_plugins | 0 |

    | Com_show_privileges | 0 |

    | Com_show_procedure_status | 0 |

    | Com_show_processlist | 0 |

    | Com_show_profile | 0 |

    | Com_show_profiles | 0 |

    | Com_show_slave_hosts | 0 |

    | Com_show_slave_status | 0 |

    | Com_show_status | 2 |

    | Com_show_storage_engines | 0 |

    | Com_show_table_status | 0 |

    | Com_show_tables | 2 |

    | Com_show_triggers | 0 |

    | Com_show_variables | 0 |

    | Com_show_warnings | 0 |

    | Com_slave_start | 0 |

    | Com_slave_stop | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_close | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_execute | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_fetch | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_prepare | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_reprepare | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_reset | 0 |

    | Com_stmt_send_long_data | 0 |

    | Com_truncate | 0 |

    | Com_uninstall_plugin | 0 |

    | Com_unlock_tables | 0 |

    | Com_update | 0 |

    | Com_update_multi | 0 |

    | Com_xa_commit | 0 |

    | Com_xa_end | 0 |

    | Com_xa_prepare | 0 |

    | Com_xa_recover | 0 |

    | Com_xa_rollback | 0 |

    | Com_xa_start | 0 |

    | Compression | OFF |

    | Connections | 6 |

    | Created_tmp_disk_tables | 4 |

    | Created_tmp_files | 5 |

    | Created_tmp_tables | 8 |

    | Delayed_errors | 0 |

    | Delayed_insert_threads | 0 |

    | Delayed_writes | 0 |

    | Flush_commands | 1 |

    | Handler_commit | 0 |

    | Handler_delete | 0 |

    | Handler_discover | 0 |

    | Handler_prepare | 0 |

    | Handler_read_first | 1 |

    | Handler_read_key | 0 |

    | Handler_read_next | 0 |

    | Handler_read_prev | 0 |

    | Handler_read_rnd | 0 |

    | Handler_read_rnd_next | 55 |

    | Handler_rollback | 0 |

    | Handler_savepoint | 0 |

    | Handler_savepoint_rollback | 0 |

    | Handler_update | 0 |

    | Handler_write | 49 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data | 19 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_dirty | 0 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_flushed | 0 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_free | 493 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_misc | 0 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total | 512 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_rnd | 1 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_seq | 0 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests | 77 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_reads | 12 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_wait_free | 0 |

    | Innodb_buffer_pool_write_requests | 0 |

    | Innodb_data_fsyncs | 3 |

    | Innodb_data_pending_fsyncs | 0 |

    | Innodb_data_pending_reads | 0 |

    | Innodb_data_pending_writes | 0 |

    | Innodb_data_read | 2494464 |

    | Innodb_data_reads | 25 |

    | Innodb_data_writes | 3 |

    | Innodb_data_written | 1536 |

    | Innodb_dblwr_pages_written | 0 |

    | Innodb_dblwr_writes | 0 |

    | Innodb_log_waits | 0 |

    | Innodb_log_write_requests | 0 |

    | Innodb_log_writes | 1 |

    | Innodb_os_log_fsyncs | 3 |

    | Innodb_os_log_pending_fsyncs | 0 |

    | Innodb_os_log_pending_writes | 0 |

    | Innodb_os_log_written | 512 |

    | Innodb_page_size | 16384 |

    | Innodb_pages_created | 0 |

    | Innodb_pages_read | 19 |

    | Innodb_pages_written | 0 |

    | Innodb_row_lock_current_waits | 0 |

    | Innodb_row_lock_time | 0 |

    | Innodb_row_lock_time_avg | 0 |

    | Innodb_row_lock_time_max | 0 |

    | Innodb_row_lock_waits | 0 |

    | Innodb_rows_deleted | 0 |

    | Innodb_rows_inserted | 0 |

    | Innodb_rows_read | 0 |

    | Innodb_rows_updated | 0 |

    | Key_blocks_not_flushed | 0 |

    | Key_blocks_unused | 214342 |

    | Key_blocks_used | 0 |

    | Key_read_requests | 0 |

    | Key_reads | 0 |

    | Key_write_requests | 0 |

    | Key_writes | 0 |

    | Last_query_cost | 0.000000 |

    | Max_used_connections | 1 |

    | Not_flushed_delayed_rows | 0 |

    | Open_files | 20 |

    | Open_streams | 0 |

    | Open_table_definitions | 16 |

    | Open_tables | 9 |

    | Opened_files | 87 |

    | Opened_table_definitions | 2 |

    | Opened_tables | 2 |

    | Prepared_stmt_count | 0 |

    | Qcache_free_blocks | 1 |

    | Qcache_free_memory | 16758168 |

    | Qcache_hits | 0 |

    | Qcache_inserts | 1 |

    | Qcache_lowmem_prunes | 0 |

    | Qcache_not_cached | 9 |

    | Qcache_queries_in_cache | 1 |

    | Qcache_total_blocks | 4 |

    | Queries | 34 |

    | Questions | 32 |

    | Rpl_status | NULL |

    | Select_full_join | 0 |

    | Select_full_range_join | 0 |

    | Select_range | 0 |

    | Select_range_check | 0 |

    | Select_scan | 6 |

    | Slave_open_temp_tables | 0 |

    | Slave_retried_transactions | 0 |

    | Slave_running | OFF |

    | Slow_launch_threads | 0 |

    | Slow_queries | 0 |

    | Sort_merge_passes | 0 |

    | Sort_range | 0 |

    | Sort_rows | 0 |

    | Sort_scan | 0 |

    | Ssl_accept_renegotiates | 0 |

    | Ssl_accepts | 0 |

    | Ssl_callback_cache_hits | 0 |

    | Ssl_cipher | |

    | Ssl_cipher_list | |

    | Ssl_client_connects | 0 |

    | Ssl_connect_renegotiates | 0 |

    | Ssl_ctx_verify_depth | 0 |

    | Ssl_ctx_verify_mode | 0 |

    | Ssl_default_timeout | 0 |

    | Ssl_finished_accepts | 0 |

    | Ssl_finished_connects | 0 |

    | Ssl_session_cache_hits | 0 |

    | Ssl_session_cache_misses | 0 |

    | Ssl_session_cache_mode | NONE |

    | Ssl_session_cache_overflows | 0 |

    | Ssl_session_cache_size | 0 |

    | Ssl_session_cache_timeouts | 0 |

    | Ssl_sessions_reused | 0 |

    | Ssl_used_session_cache_entries | 0 |

    | Ssl_verify_depth | 0 |

    | Ssl_verify_mode | 0 |

    | Ssl_version | |

    | Table_locks_immediate | 20 |

    | Table_locks_waited | 0 |

    | Tc_log_max_pages_used | 0 |

    | Tc_log_page_size | 0 |

    | Tc_log_page_waits | 0 |

    | Threads_cached | 0 |

    | Threads_connected | 1 |

    | Threads_created | 1 |

    | Threads_running | 1 |

    | Uptime | 1342 |

    | Uptime_since_flush_status | 1342 |

    +-----------------------------------+----------+

    291 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

    查询mysql参数

    mysql> show variables like 'max_connect%';

    +--------------------+-------+

    | Variable_name | Value |

    +--------------------+-------+

    | max_connect_errors | 10 |

    | max_connections | 151 |

    +--------------------+-------+

    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

    修改mysql参数

    mysql> set global max_connect_errors = 1000;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     

    查看mysql队列

    mysql> show processlist;

    +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+

    | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |

    +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+

    | 5 | root | localhost | db1 | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist |

    +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    创建普通用户并授权

    mysql> grant all on *.* to user1 identified by '123456';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     

     

    mysql> grant all on db1.* to 'user2'@'10.0.2.100' identified by '111222';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     

    mysql> grant all on db1.* to 'user3'@'%' identified by '231222';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     

    mysql>

     

     

    更改密码

    mysql> update mysql.user set password=PASSWORD("root1234") where user='user1';

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

     

    查询user数量

    mysql> select count(*) from mysql.user;

    +----------+

    | count(*) |

    +----------+

    | 5 |

    +----------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

     

    查询user权限

    mysql> select * from mysql.dbG;

    *************************** 1. row ***************************

    Host: %

    Db: test

    User:

    Select_priv: Y

    Insert_priv: Y

    Update_priv: Y

    Delete_priv: Y

    Create_priv: Y

    Drop_priv: Y

    Grant_priv: N

    References_priv: Y

    Index_priv: Y

    Alter_priv: Y

    Create_tmp_table_priv: Y

    Lock_tables_priv: Y

    Create_view_priv: Y

    Show_view_priv: Y

    Create_routine_priv: Y

    Alter_routine_priv: N

    Execute_priv: N

    Event_priv: Y

    Trigger_priv: Y

    *************************** 2. row ***************************

    Host: %

    Db: test\_%

    User:

    Select_priv: Y

    Insert_priv: Y

    Update_priv: Y

    Delete_priv: Y

    Create_priv: Y

    Drop_priv: Y

    Grant_priv: N

    References_priv: Y

    Index_priv: Y

    Alter_priv: Y

    Create_tmp_table_priv: Y

    Lock_tables_priv: Y

    Create_view_priv: Y

    Show_view_priv: Y

    Create_routine_priv: Y

    Alter_routine_priv: N

    Execute_priv: N

    Event_priv: Y

    Trigger_priv: Y

    *************************** 3. row ***************************

    Host: localhost

    Db: discuz

    User: gyt

    Select_priv: Y

    Insert_priv: Y

    Update_priv: Y

    Delete_priv: Y

    Create_priv: Y

    Drop_priv: Y

    Grant_priv: N

    References_priv: Y

    Index_priv: Y

    Alter_priv: Y

    Create_tmp_table_priv: Y

    Lock_tables_priv: Y

    Create_view_priv: Y

    Show_view_priv: Y

    Create_routine_priv: Y

    Alter_routine_priv: Y

    Execute_priv: Y

    Event_priv: Y

    Trigger_priv: Y

    *************************** 4. row ***************************

    Host: 10.0.2.100

    Db: db1

    User: user2

    Select_priv: Y

    Insert_priv: Y

    Update_priv: Y

    Delete_priv: Y

    Create_priv: Y

    Drop_priv: Y

    Grant_priv: N

    References_priv: Y

    Index_priv: Y

    Alter_priv: Y

    Create_tmp_table_priv: Y

    Lock_tables_priv: Y

    Create_view_priv: Y

    Show_view_priv: Y

    Create_routine_priv: Y

    Alter_routine_priv: Y

    Execute_priv: Y

    Event_priv: Y

    Trigger_priv: Y

    *************************** 5. row ***************************

    Host: %

    Db: db1

    User: user3

    Select_priv: Y

    Insert_priv: Y

    Update_priv: Y

    Delete_priv: Y

    Create_priv: Y

    Drop_priv: Y

    Grant_priv: N

    References_priv: Y

    Index_priv: Y

    Alter_priv: Y

    Create_tmp_table_priv: Y

    Lock_tables_priv: Y

    Create_view_priv: Y

    Show_view_priv: Y

    Create_routine_priv: Y

    Alter_routine_priv: Y

    Execute_priv: Y

    Event_priv: Y

    Trigger_priv: Y

    5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

    ERROR:

    No query specified

     

    模糊匹配

    mysql> select * from mysql.db where host like '10.0.%'G;

    *************************** 1. row ***************************

    Host: 10.0.2.100

    Db: db1

    User: user2

    Select_priv: Y

    Insert_priv: Y

    Update_priv: Y

    Delete_priv: Y

    Create_priv: Y

    Drop_priv: Y

    Grant_priv: N

    References_priv: Y

    Index_priv: Y

    Alter_priv: Y

    Create_tmp_table_priv: Y

    Lock_tables_priv: Y

    Create_view_priv: Y

    Show_view_priv: Y

    Create_routine_priv: Y

    Alter_routine_priv: Y

    Execute_priv: Y

    Event_priv: Y

    Trigger_priv: Y

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    ERROR:

    No query specified

     

    mysql>

     

     

     

    更新表数据

    mysql> update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

     

     

    mysql> use db1;select * from db1;

    Database changed

    ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.db1' doesn't exist

    mysql> use db1;select * from t1;

    Database changed

    +------+------+

    | id | name |

    +------+------+

    | 1 | aaa |

    +------+------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    mysql>

     

     

     

     

     

     

    修复表

    mysql> repair table t1[use frm];

     

    shell命令中执行mysql操作

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmysql1234 mysql -e "show tables"

    +---------------------------+

    | Tables_in_mysql |

    +---------------------------+

    | columns_priv |

    | db |

    | event |

    | func |

    | general_log |

    | help_category |

    | help_keyword |

    | help_relation |

    | help_topic |

    | host |

    | ndb_binlog_index |

    | plugin |

    | proc |

    | procs_priv |

    | servers |

    | slow_log |

    | tables_priv |

    | time_zone |

    | time_zone_leap_second |

    | time_zone_name |

    | time_zone_transition |

    | time_zone_transition_type |

    | user |

    +---------------------------+

    [root@localhost ~]#

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    mysql备份与恢复

    备份

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p --events mysql >1.sql

    Enter password:

    [root@localhost ~]# du -sh 1.sql

    516K    1.sql

     

     

    恢复

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p --events mysql <1.sql

     

     

    只备份一个表

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p discuz pre_ucenter_vars >2.sql

    Enter password:

    [root@localhost ~]# du -sh 2.sql

    4.0K    2.sql

    [root@localhost ~]#

     

    恢复时不需要加表名字

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p discuz <2.sql

     

    备份时指定字符集

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 discuz >1.sql

    Enter password:

    [root@localhost ~]# du -sh 1.sql

    2.3M    1.sql

    [root@localhost ~]#

     

     

    恢复时也指定字符集

    [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 discuz <1.sql

     

    mysql主从

    介绍

    Mysql Replication主要用于时时备份,或者读写分离。

    每个从仅可以设置一个主

    主在执行sql之后,记录二进制log文件(bin-log)。

    从连接主,并从主获取binlog,存于本地relay-log,并从上次记住位置执行sql,一旦遇到错误则停止同步。

    主从间的数据库不是实时同步,就算网络连接正常,也存在瞬间,主从数据不一致。

    如果主从网络断开,从会在网络正常后,批量同步。

    如果对从进行修改数据,那么很可能从在执行主的bin-log时出现错误而停止同步,危险操作。

    可以是1主多从,也可以是相互主从(主主)。可以应用在读写分离场景中,用以降低单台mysql服务器的I/O,可以实现mysql服务HA集群。

    如果重启master,一定先把slave停掉,执行slave stop命令。然后再重启master的mysql。

     

    步骤

    安装步骤参照lamp中mysql步骤。

    #在主上创建测试库

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "create database db1;"

    导出主mysql库数据给db1

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock mysql >123.sql

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock db1 <123.sql

     

    #配置主库

    vim /etc/my.cnf

    # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1

    # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

    # but will not function as a master if omitted

    server-id = 1

     

    # Replication Master Server (default)

    # binary logging is required for replication

    log-bin=mysql-bin

    #用来指定需要同步的库,2选1,或指定忽略不同步的库

    binlog-do-db=db1

    binlog-ignore-db=db1,db2

    #修改配置文件后,重启主服务

    service mysqld stop

    service mysqld start

    #主mysql设置root密码

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock password 'root1234'

     

     

    #进入mysql主 shell

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock -p"root1234"

    #授权给从一个用来同步数据的用户rep1

    mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@192.168.211.128' identified by 'root1234';

    mysql> flush tables with read lock;

    #记住前2列内容

    mysql>show master status;

     

     

    #从上设置

    vim /etc/my.cnf

    # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1

    # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

    # but will not function as a master if omitted

    server-id = 2

     

    #重启从Mysql服务

    service mysqld restart

     

     

     

    #从主上拷贝db1库数据到从

    scp db1.sql root@192.168.211.128:/root/

    #在从上创建db1数据库

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "create database db1";

    #在从上导入db1从库

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock db1 </root/db1.sql

    #登录从mysql

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock

    #停止从库

    mysql>slave stop

    #在从上设置主库参数,此处master_log_file和master_log_pos为主上show master status看到的前2列值

    mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.211.133',master_port=3306,master_user='repl',master_password='root1234',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=555;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

    #在从上启动数据库

    mysql> slave start;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    #主上执行unlock read

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock -proot1234 -e "unlock tables"

    #从上查看状态,有这2个Yes,算正常

    mysql> show slave statusG;

    Slave_IO_Running: Yes

    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

     

     

     

     

    测试

    #主上清空db1K库db表

    mysql> use db1;

    Database changed

    mysql> select count(*) from db;

    +----------+

    | count(*) |

    +----------+

    | 2 |

    +----------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    mysql> truncate table db;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    #进入从,确认为0,说明同步

    mysql> use db1;

    Database changed

    mysql> select count(*) from db;

    +----------+

    | count(*) |

    +----------+

    | 0 |

    +----------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

     

    #主上删除表db

    mysql> select count(*) from db;

    ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.db' doesn't exist

     

    #在从上db表不存在了

    mysql> drop table db;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/appresearch/p/6022099.html
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