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  • C#中实现对Excel特定文本的搜索

     

    打开Excel的VBA帮助,查看Excel的对象模型,很容易找到完成这个功能需要的几个集合和对象:

    Application、Workbooks、 Workbook、Worksheets还有Worksheet和Range。

    Application创建Excel应用,Workbooks打开 Excel文档,Workbook获得Excel文档工作薄,Worksheets操作工作表集合,Worksheet获得单个工作表。
    搜索的思路对应上述集合和对象,可以这样表述:要搜索的文本可能存在Excel文档当中的某个工作表上,搜索应该遍历目标Excel文件的每个工作表中的有效区域,如果找到,则退出本次搜索,如果没有找到,则继续搜索直到完成本次搜索。   

    跟Word对象模型不一样的是,Excel对象模型没有提供Find对象,不过没有关系,可以通过两种方法来实现,一个是通过Range对象的Find() 方法来实现; 另外一个比较麻烦,取得工作表Worksheet的有效区域UsedRange之后,遍历该Range对象中的所有行列。实际开发中,用第二 种方法时发现了一个特别的现象,所以第二种方法也准备详细记述一下。   

    1. 打开Excel文档:

      object filename="";
      object MissingValue=Type.Missing;
      string strKeyWord=""; //指定要搜索的文本,如果有多个,则声明string[]
      Excel.Application ep=new Excel.ApplicationClass();
      Excel.Workbook ew=ep.Workbooks.Open(filename.ToString(),MissingValue,
       MissingValue,MissingValue,MissingValue,
       MissingValue,MissingValue,MissingValue,
       MissingValue,MissingValue,MissingValue,
       MissingValue,MissingValue,MissingValue,
       MissingValue);
    

    2. 准备遍历Excel工作表

    2.1 方法1

      Excel.Worksheet ews;
      int iEWSCnt=ew.Worksheets.Count;
      int i=0,j=0;
      Excel.Range oRange;
      object oText=strKeyWord.Trim().ToUpper();
      
      for(i=1;i<=iEWSCnt;i++)
      {
       ews=null;
       ews=(Excel.Worksheet)ew.Worksheets[i];
       oRange=null;
       (Excel.Range)oRange=((Excel.Range)ews.UsedRange).Find(
       oText,MissingValue,MissingValue,
       MissingValue,MissingValue,Excel.XlSearchDirection.xlNext,
       MissingValue,MissingValue,MissingValue);
       if (oRange!=null && oRange.Cells.Rows.Count>=1 && oRange.Cells.Columns.Count>=1)
       {
       MessageBox.Show("文档中包含指定的关键字!","搜索结果",MessageBoxButtons.OK);
       break;
       }
      } 
    

    这里要说两个值得注意的地方。一个是遍历工作表的索引,不是从0开始,而是从1开始;另外一个是Find方法的第六个参数 SearchDirection,指定搜索的方向,帮助文档中说这个参数是可选项,但是我用MissingValue如论如何编译不能通过,不知什么原 因,于是显式指定它的默认值xlNext。

    2.2 方法2
    第一种方法实现了,再看看第二种方法。这种方法除了要遍历工作表,还要对工作表使用区域的行和列进行遍历。其它一样,只对遍历说明,代码如下:

      bool blFlag=false;
      int iRowCnt=0,iColCnt=0,iBgnRow,iBgnCol; 
      for(m=1;m<=iEWSCnt;m++)
      {
       ews=(Excel.Worksheet)ew.Worksheets[m];
       iRowCnt=0+ews.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
       iColCnt=0+ews.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;
       iBgnRow=(ews.UsedRange.Cells.Row>1)? ews.UsedRange.Cells.Row-1:ews.UsedRange.Cells.Row;
       iBgnCol=(ews.UsedRange.Cells.Column>1)? ews.UsedRange.Cells.Column-1:ews.UsedRange.Cells.Column;
      
       for(i=iBgnRow;i
       {
       for(j=iBgnCol;j
       {
       strText=((Excel.Range)ews.UsedRange.Cells[i,j]).Text.ToString();
       if (strText.ToUpper().IndexOf(strKeyWord.ToUpper())>=0)
       {
       MessageBox.Show("文档中包含指定的关键字!","搜索结果",MessageBoxButtons.OK);
       }
       }
       }
      } 
    

     显然这种方法比第一种繁琐得多,不过这里有一个关于遍历单元格的索引很特别的地方,当工作表中的使用区域UsedRange为单行单列的时候,对 UsedRange中的单元格遍历起始索引值为1,为多行多列的时候,起始索引值为0,不知这是Excel程序设计者出于什么样的考虑?

    2.3 方法二补充案例

    有效数据的行列数,可以通过下面的代码获取。

     nUsedRow = sheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;
     nUsedCol =  sheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;

    本文表示对参考文章1,文章2.2中原作者所说的那种奇怪的现象表示质疑,并不会出现那种情况。 2016-8-27

    准备工作

    private void createOutputFile(string excelFullFilename)
            {
                bool isAutoFit = true;
                bool isHeaderBold = true;
                
                Excel.Application xlApp = new Excel.Application();
                Excel.Workbook xlWorkBook;
                Excel.Worksheet xlWorkSheet;
    
                object misValue = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
                xlApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
                xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Add(misValue);
                xlWorkSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkBook.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
    
                const int excelRowHeader = 1;
                const int excelColumnHeader = 1;
                
                //save header
                int curColumnIdx = 0 + excelColumnHeader;
                int rowIdx = 0 + excelRowHeader;
    
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = "Title";
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = "Description";
                const int constBullerLen = 5;
                for (int bulletIdx = 0; bulletIdx < constBullerLen; bulletIdx++)
                {
                    int bulletNum = bulletIdx + 1;
                    xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx + bulletIdx] = "Bullet" + bulletNum.ToString();
                }
                curColumnIdx = curColumnIdx + constBullerLen;
                const int constImgNameListLen = 5;
                for (int imgIdx = 0; imgIdx < constImgNameListLen; imgIdx++)
                {
                    int imgNum = imgIdx + 1;
                    xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx + imgIdx] = "ImageFilename" + imgNum.ToString();
                }
                curColumnIdx = curColumnIdx + constImgNameListLen;
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = "HighestPrice";
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = "OneSellerIsAmazon";
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = "ReviewNumber";
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[rowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = "IsBestSeller";
    
                //formatting
                //(1) header to bold
                if (isHeaderBold)
                {
                    Range headerRow = xlWorkSheet.get_Range("1:1", System.Type.Missing);
                    headerRow.Font.Bold = true;
                }
                //(2) auto adjust column width (according to content)
                if (isAutoFit)
                {
                    Range allColumn = xlWorkSheet.Columns;
                    allColumn.AutoFit();
                }
    
                //output
                xlWorkBook.SaveAs(excelFullFilename,
                                    XlFileFormat.xlWorkbookNormal,
                                    misValue,
                                    misValue,
                                    misValue,
                                    misValue,
                                    XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive,
                                    XlSaveConflictResolution.xlLocalSessionChanges,
                                    misValue,
                                    misValue,
                                    misValue,
                                    misValue);
                xlWorkBook.Close(true, misValue, misValue);
                xlApp.Quit();
    
                crl.releaseObject(xlWorkSheet);
                crl.releaseObject(xlWorkBook);
                crl.releaseObject(xlApp);
            }
    View Code

    现在需要用C#去打开已经存在的一个excel,并且找到最后一行,然后按行,继续添加内容。

    private void appendInfoToFile(string fullFilename, AmazonProductInfo productInfo)
            {
                Excel.Application xlApp;
                Excel.Workbook xlWorkBook;
                Excel.Worksheet xlWorkSheet;
                object missingVal = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
    
                xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
                //xlApp.Visible = true;
                //xlApp.DisplayAlerts = false;
    
                //http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/microsoft.office.interop.excel.workbooks.open%28v=office.11%29.aspx
                xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(
                    Filename : fullFilename,
                    //UpdateLinks:3,
                    ReadOnly : false,
                    //Format : 2, //use Commas as delimiter when open text file
                    //Password : missingVal,
                    //WriteResPassword : missingVal,
                    //IgnoreReadOnlyRecommended: false, //when save to readonly, will notice you
                    Origin: Excel.XlPlatform.xlWindows, //xlMacintosh/xlWindows/xlMSDOS
                    //Delimiter: ",",  // usefule when is text file
                    Editable : true,
                    Notify : false,
                    //Converter: missingVal, 
                    AddToMru: true, //True to add this workbook to the list of recently used files
                    Local: true,
                    CorruptLoad: missingVal //xlNormalLoad/xlRepairFile/xlExtractData
                    );
    
                //Get the first sheet
                xlWorkSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkBook.Worksheets.get_Item(1); //also can get by sheet name
                Excel.Range range = xlWorkSheet.UsedRange;
                //int usedColCount = range.Columns.Count;
                int usedRowCount = range.Rows.Count;
    
                const int excelRowHeader = 1;
                const int excelColumnHeader = 1;
    
                //int curColumnIdx = usedColCount + excelColumnHeader;
                int curColumnIdx = 0 + excelColumnHeader; //start from column begin
                int curRrowIdx = usedRowCount + excelRowHeader; // !!! here must added buildin excelRowHeader=1, otherwise will overwrite previous (added title or whole row value)
    
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = productInfo.title;
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = productInfo.description;
    
                const int constBullerLen = 5;
                int bulletListLen = 0;
                if (productInfo.bulletArr.Length > constBullerLen)
                {
                    bulletListLen = constBullerLen;
                }
                else
                {
                    bulletListLen = productInfo.bulletArr.Length;
                }
                for (int bulletIdx = 0; bulletIdx < bulletListLen; bulletIdx++)
                {
                    xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx + bulletIdx] = productInfo.bulletArr[bulletIdx];
                }
                curColumnIdx = curColumnIdx + bulletListLen;
    
                const int constImgNameListLen = 5;
                int imgNameListLen = 0;
                if (productInfo.imgFullnameArr.Length > constImgNameListLen)
                {
                    imgNameListLen = constImgNameListLen;
                }
                else
                {
                    imgNameListLen = productInfo.imgFullnameArr.Length;
                }
                for (int imgIdx = 0; imgIdx < imgNameListLen; imgIdx++)
                {
                    xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx + imgIdx] = productInfo.imgFullnameArr[imgIdx];
                }
                curColumnIdx = curColumnIdx + imgNameListLen;
    
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = productInfo.highestPrice;
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = productInfo.isOneSellerIsAmazon;
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = productInfo.reviewNumber;
                xlWorkSheet.Cells[curRrowIdx, curColumnIdx++] = productInfo.isBestSeller;
    
                ////http://msdn.microsoft.com/query/dev10.query?appId=Dev10IDEF1&l=ZH-CN&k=k%28MICROSOFT.OFFICE.INTEROP.EXCEL._WORKBOOK.SAVEAS%29;k%28SAVEAS%29;k%28TargetFrameworkMoniker-%22.NETFRAMEWORK%2cVERSION%3dV3.5%22%29;k%28DevLang-CSHARP%29&rd=true
                //xlWorkBook.SaveAs(
                //    Filename: fullFilename,
                //    ConflictResolution: XlSaveConflictResolution.xlLocalSessionChanges //The local user's changes are always accepted. 
                //    //FileFormat : Excel.XlFileFormat.xlWorkbookNormal
                //);
    
                //if use above SaveAs -> will popup a window ask you overwrite it or not, even if you have set the ConflictResolution to xlLocalSessionChanges, which should not ask, should directly save
                xlWorkBook.Save();
    
                //http://msdn.microsoft.com/query/dev10.query?appId=Dev10IDEF1&l=ZH-CN&k=k%28MICROSOFT.OFFICE.INTEROP.EXCEL._WORKBOOK.CLOSE%29;k%28CLOSE%29;k%28TargetFrameworkMoniker-%22.NETFRAMEWORK%2cVERSION%3dV3.5%22%29;k%28DevLang-CSHARP%29&rd=true
                xlWorkBook.Close(SaveChanges : true);
    
                crl.releaseObject(xlWorkSheet);
                crl.releaseObject(xlWorkBook);
                crl.releaseObject(xlApp);
            }
    View Code

    参考文章

    1.C#编程实现Excel文档中搜索文本内容的方法及思路 ,2013-7

    2.How to append existing excel file using C# ?

    3.MSDN, Workbooks.Open Method

    4. C#读取excel文件,并且追加内容到最后一行

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/arxive/p/5813901.html
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