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  • Django中decorators装饰器的使用

    1、CBV实现的登录视图

    class LoginView(View):
    
        def get(self, request):
            """
            处理GET请求
            """
            return render(request, 'login.html')
    
        def post(self, request):
            """
            处理POST请求 
            """
            user = request.POST.get('user')
            pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
            if user == 'alex' and pwd == "alex1234":
                next_url = request.GET.get("next")
                # 生成随机字符串
                # 写浏览器cookie -> session_id: 随机字符串
                # 写到服务端session:
                # {
                #     "随机字符串": {'user':'alex'}
                # }
                request.session['user'] = user
                if next_url:
                    return redirect(next_url)
                else:
                    return redirect('/index/')
            return render(request, 'login.html')

    2、要在CBV视图中使用我们上面的check_login装饰器,有以下三种方式:

    2.1、加在CBV视图的get或post方法上

    from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
    
    
    class HomeView(View):
    
        def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
            return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
        def get(self, request):
            return render(request, "home.html")
        
        @method_decorator(check_login)
        def post(self, request):
            print("Home View POST method...")
            return redirect("/index/")

    2.2、加在dispatch方法上

    from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
    
    
    class HomeView(View):
    
        @method_decorator(check_login)
        def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
            return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
        def get(self, request):
            return render(request, "home.html")
    
        def post(self, request):
            print("Home View POST method...")
            return redirect("/index/")

      因为CBV中首先执行的就是dispatch方法,所以这么写相当于给get和post方法都加上了登录校验。

    2.3、直接加在视图类上,但method_decorator必须传 name 关键字参数

      如果get方法和post方法都需要登录校验的话就写两个装饰器。

    from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
    
    @method_decorator(check_login, name="get")
    @method_decorator(check_login, name="post")
    class HomeView(View):
    
        def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
            return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
        def get(self, request):
            return render(request, "home.html")
    
        def post(self, request):
            print("Home View POST method...")
            return redirect("/index/")

    3、CSRF Token相关装饰器在CBV中的使用

      CSRF Token相关装饰器在CBV只能加到dispatch方法上,或者加在视图类上然后name参数指定为dispatch方法。

    • csrf_protect,为当前函数强制设置防跨站请求伪造功能,即便settings中没有设置全局中间件。
    • csrf_exempt,取消当前函数防跨站请求伪造功能,即便settings中设置了全局中间件。

      

    from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt, csrf_protect
    from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
    
    
    class HomeView(View):
    
        @method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
        def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
            return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
        def get(self, request):
            return render(request, "home.html")
    
        def post(self, request):
            print("Home View POST method...")
            return redirect("/index/")

      或者

    from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt, csrf_protect
    from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
    
    
    @method_decorator(csrf_exempt, name='dispatch')
    class HomeView(View):
       
        def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
            return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
        def get(self, request):
            return render(request, "home.html")
    
        def post(self, request):
            print("Home View POST method...")
            return redirect("/index/")

      

      

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bad-robot/p/9741995.html
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