socket实现并发：
基于tcp的套接字，关键就是两个循环，一个链接循环，一个通信循环
socketserver模块中分两大类：server类（解决链接问题）和request类（解决通信问题）
server类：
request类：
继承关系：
以下述代码为例，分析socketserver源码：
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),FtpServer) ftpserver.serve_forever()
查找属性的顺序：ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
- 实例化得到ftpserver，先找类ThreadingTCPServer的init,在TCPServer中找到，进而执行server_bind,server_active
- 找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到，进而执行self._handle_request_noblock()，该方法同样是在BaseServer中
- 执行self._handle_request_noblock()进而执行request, client_address = self.get_request()（就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()），然后执行self.process_request(request, client_address)
- 在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request，开启多线程应对并发，进而执行process_request_thread，执行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
- 上述四部分完成了链接循环，本部分开始进入处理通讯部分，在BaseServer中找到finish_request,触发我们自己定义的类的实例化，去找init方法，而我们自己定义的类没有该方法，则去它的父类也就是BaseRequestHandler中找....
源码分析总结：
基于tcp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.server即套接字对象
- self.request即一个链接
- self.client_address即客户端地址
基于udp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.request是一个元组（第一个元素是客户端发来的数据，第二部分是服务端的udp套接字对象），如(b'adsf', )
- self.client_address即客户端地址
一、基于tcp的
服务端：
import socketserver class MyRequestHandle(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): # 如果tcp协议，self.request=>conn print(self.client_address) while True: try: msg = self.request.recv(1024) if len(msg) == 0: break self.request.send(msg.upper()) except Exception: break self.request.close() # 服务端应该做两件事 # 第一件事：循环地从半连接池中取出链接请求与其建立双向链接，拿到链接对象 s=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8889),MyRequestHandle) s.serve_forever() # 等同于 # while True: # conn,client_addr=server.accept() # 启动一个线程(conn,client_addr) # 第二件事：拿到链接对象，与其进行通信循环===>handle
客户端：
from socket import * client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8889)) while True: msg=input('请输入命令>>：').strip() if len(msg) == 0:continue client.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) res=client.recv(1024) print(res.decode('utf-8'))
from socket import * client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8889)) while True: msg=input('请输入命令>>：').strip() if len(msg) == 0:continue client.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) res=client.recv(1024) print(res.decode('utf-8'))
from socket import * client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8889)) while True: msg=input('请输入命令>>：').strip() if len(msg) == 0:continue client.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) res=client.recv(1024) print(res.decode('utf-8'))
示例：（远程执行命令，并发版）
import socketserver import subprocess import struct class MyRequestHandle(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): # 如果tcp协议，self.request=>conn print(self.client_address) print("接到来自:{}的连接".format(self.client_address[0])) # 循环通信 while True: try: cmd = self.request.recv(1024) if not cmd: print("客户端:{} 已经断开连接".format(self.client_address[0])) break print("命令名称：%s" % cmd.decode("utf-8"), ) obj = subprocess.Popen(cmd.decode("utf-8"), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, ) obj.wait() cmd_stat = subprocess.Popen.poll(obj) if not cmd_stat: cmd_data = obj.stdout.read() # print("cmd_data", cmd_data) # print(len(cmd_data)) if not cmd_data: header = struct.pack("i",0) self.request.send(header) continue cmd_data_size = len(cmd_data) header = struct.pack("i", cmd_data_size) self.request.send(header) self.request.send(cmd_data) else: err_data = obj.stderr.read() err_data_size=len(err_data) header = struct.pack("i", err_data_size) self.request.send(header) self.request.send(err_data) except Exception: print("客户端:{} 非正常退出".format(self.client_address[0])) break # 服务端应该做两件事 # 第一件事：循环地从半连接池中取出链接请求与其建立双向链接，拿到链接对象 s=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',9000),MyRequestHandle) s.serve_forever() # 等同于 # while True: # conn,client_addr=server.accept() # 启动一个线程(conn,client_addr) # 第二件事：拿到链接对象，与其进行通信循环===>handle
import socket import struct phone=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) phone.connect(("127.0.0.1",9000)) #循环通信 while True: cmd=input("请输入命令:>>>").strip() if not cmd:continue if cmd == "exit()": phone.close() break phone.send(cmd.encode("utf-8")) header = phone.recv(4) cmd_datasize=struct.unpack("i",header)[0] if not cmd_datasize:continue recv_size=0 while recv_size<cmd_datasize: cmd_data=phone.recv(1024) recv_size+=len(cmd_data) print(cmd_data.decode("gbk")) # else: # print("end") phone.close()
二、基于UDP的
服务端：
import socketserver class MyRequestHanlde(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): client_data=self.request[0] server=self.request[1] client_address=self.client_address print('客户端发来的数据%s' %client_data) server.sendto(client_data.upper(),client_address) s=socketserver.ThreadingUDPServer(("127.0.0.1",8888),MyRequestHanlde) s.serve_forever() # 相当于:只负责循环地收 # while True: # data,client_addr=server.recvfrom(1024) # 启动一个线程处理后续的事情(data,client_addr)
客户端：
import socket client=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 流式协议=》tcp协议 while True: msg=input('>>>: ').strip() client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),('115.29.65.16',8888)) res=client.recvfrom(1024) print(res) client.close()
import socket client=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 流式协议=》tcp协议 while True: msg=input('>>>: ').strip() client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),('115.29.65.16',8888)) res=client.recvfrom(1024) print(res) client.close()
实例：ftp
import socketserver import struct import json import os class FtpServer(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): coding='utf-8' server_dir='file_upload' max_packet_size=1024 BASE_DIR=os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) def handle(self): print(self.request) while True: data=self.request.recv(4) data_len=struct.unpack('i',data)[0] head_json=self.request.recv(data_len).decode(self.coding) head_dic=json.loads(head_json) # print(head_dic) cmd=head_dic['cmd'] if hasattr(self,cmd): func=getattr(self,cmd) func(head_dic) def put(self,args): file_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join( self.BASE_DIR, self.server_dir, args['filename'] )) filesize = args['filesize'] recv_size = 0 print('----->', file_path) with open(file_path, 'wb') as f: while recv_size < filesize: recv_data = self.request.recv(self.max_packet_size) f.write(recv_data) recv_size += len(recv_data) print('recvsize:%s filesize:%s' % (recv_size, filesize)) ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),FtpServer) ftpserver.serve_forever()
import socket import struct import json import os class MYTCPClient: address_family = socket.AF_INET socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM allow_reuse_address = False max_packet_size = 8192 coding='utf-8' request_queue_size = 5 def __init__(self, server_address, connect=True): self.server_address=server_address self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family, self.socket_type) if connect: try: self.client_connect() except: self.client_close() raise def client_connect(self): self.socket.connect(self.server_address) def client_close(self): self.socket.close() def run(self): while True: inp=input(">>: ").strip() if not inp:continue l=inp.split() cmd=l[0] if hasattr(self,cmd): func=getattr(self,cmd) func(l) def put(self,args): cmd=args[0] filename=args[1] if not os.path.isfile(filename): print('file:%s is not exists' %filename) return else: filesize=os.path.getsize(filename) head_dic={'cmd':cmd,'filename':os.path.basename(filename),'filesize':filesize} print(head_dic) head_json=json.dumps(head_dic) head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding=self.coding) head_struct=struct.pack('i',len(head_json_bytes)) self.socket.send(head_struct) self.socket.send(head_json_bytes) send_size=0 with open(filename,'rb') as f: for line in f: self.socket.send(line) send_size+=len(line) print(send_size) else: print('upload successful') client=MYTCPClient(('127.0.0.1',8080)) client.run()