SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ消息组件

1、RabbitMQ是一个在AMQP基础上构建的新一代企业级消息系统，该组件由Pivotal公司提供，使用ErLang语言开发。

修改pom.xml配置文件，追加spring-boot-starter-amqp依赖包。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
    https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.1</maven-jar-plugin.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql驱动包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- druid连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- activeMQ -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- rabbitMQ -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.yml</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.p12</include>
                    <include>**/*.html</include>
                    <include>**/*.jpg</include>
                    <include>**/*.png</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

</project>

修改yml.xml配置文件，进行RabbitMQ的相关配置，如下所示：

# RabbitMQ服务主机名称
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.110.133
# 用户名
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
# 密码
spring.rabbitmq.password=admin
# 虚拟主机
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

这里搞一个消息生产配置类，用来进行消息处理，如下所示：

package com.demo.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {

    public static final String EXCHANGE = "rabbitmq.exchange"; // 交换空间名称
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY = "rabbitmq.routingkey"; // 设置路由key
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "rabbitmq.queue"; // 设置队列名称

    /**
     * 根据路由键将队列和交换机绑定到一起
     * 
     * @param exchange
     * @param queue
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingExchangeQueue(DirectExchange exchange, Queue queue) {
        Binding binding = BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTINGKEY);
        return binding;
    }

    /**
     * 使用直连的模式
     * 
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange getDirectExchage() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE, true, true);
    }

    /**
     * 队列消息
     * 
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_NAME);
    }

}

新建消息业务实现类，用于消息生产，如下所示：

package com.demo.producer;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.demo.config.RabbitMqConfig;

@Service
public class RabbitMqMessageProducer {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 消息发送，将交换机和路由器进行绑定
     * 
     * @param msg
     */
    public void send(String msg) {
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.EXCHANGE, RabbitMqConfig.ROUTINGKEY, msg);
    }

}

定义监听处理类，用于消息的消费，如下所示：

package com.demo.consumer;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class RabbitMqConsumer {

    /**
     * 进行消息的接受处理
     * 
     * @param text
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = "rabbitmq.queue")
    public void receiveMessage(String text) {
        System.err.println("【*** 接受消息 ***】 " + text);
    }

}

此时就实现了与RabbitMQ消息组件的整合，同时在整个程序中只需要调用IMessageProducer接口中的send()方法就可以正常发送，而后会找到设置同样ROUTINGKEY的消费者进行消息消费。

package com.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.demo.producer.RabbitMqMessageProducer;

@Controller
public class RabbitMqController {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitMqMessageProducer rabbitMqMessageProducer;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/messageProducer")
    @ResponseBody
    public void findAll() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            rabbitMqMessageProducer.send("rabbitMq producer message : " + i);
        }
    }

}

可以通过http://192.168.110.133:15672/观察，查看自己的生产消息和消费消息的情况，如下所示：