spring boot下使用logback或log4j生成符合Logstash标准的JSON格式

spring boot下使用logback或log4j生成符合Logstash标准的JSON格式

一、依赖

由于配置中使用了json格式的日志输出，所以需要引入如下依赖

"net.logstash.logback:logstash-logback-encoder:4.11",

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.logstash.logback/logstash-logback-encoder -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.logstash.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logstash-logback-encoder</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>

二、配置说明

1.日志的输出路径

<property name="LOG_PATH" value="phantom-log" />

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2.读取spring容器中的属性，这里是获取项目名称和运行的服务器IP

<springProperty scope="context" name="appName" source="spring.application.name" />
<springProperty scope="context" name="ip" source="spring.cloud.client.ipAddress" />

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3.设置日志的格式

<property name="CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN"
            value="[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ${ip} ${appName} %highlight(%-5level) %yellow(%X{X-B3-TraceId}),%green(%X{X-B3-SpanId}),%blue(%X{X-B3-ParentSpanId}) %yellow(%thread) %green(%logger) %msg%n"/>

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4.添加一个输出器，并滚动输出

<appender name="FILEERROR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">

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5.指定输出的文件位置

<file>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-error.log</file>

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6.指定滚动输出的策略，按天数进行切分，或者文件大小超过2M进行切分

<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
      <fileNamePattern>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</fileNamePattern>
      <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
        <maxFileSize>2MB</maxFileSize>
      </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>

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7.下面的文件中一共有四个appender, FILEERROR, FILEEWARN, FILEINFO, logstash。

其中FILEERROR, FILEEWARN, FILEINFO三个是相类似的，只是打印不同级别的日志信息。 
logstash是用来生成json格式的日志文件，方便与ELK日志系统进行集成。

三、完整配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
  <contextName>${HOSTNAME}</contextName>
  <property name="LOG_PATH" value="phantom-log" />
  <springProperty scope="context" name="appName" source="spring.application.name" />
  <springProperty scope="context" name="ip" source="spring.cloud.client.ipAddress" />
  <property name="CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN"
            value="[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ${ip} ${appName} %highlight(%-5level) %yellow(%X{X-B3-TraceId}),%green(%X{X-B3-SpanId}),%blue(%X{X-B3-ParentSpanId}) %yellow(%thread) %green(%logger) %msg%n"/>

  <appender name="FILEERROR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-error.log</file>
    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
      <fileNamePattern>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</fileNamePattern>
      <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
        <maxFileSize>2MB</maxFileSize>
      </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>
    <append>true</append>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
      <pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
      <charset>utf-8</charset>
    </encoder>
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
      <level>error</level>
      <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
      <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
    </filter>
  </appender>

  <appender name="FILEWARN" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-warn.log</file>
    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
      <fileNamePattern>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</fileNamePattern>
      <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
        <maxFileSize>2MB</maxFileSize>
      </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>
    <append>true</append>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
      <pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
      <charset>utf-8</charset>
    </encoder>
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
      <level>warn</level>
      <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
      <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
    </filter>
  </appender>

  <appender name="FILEINFO" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-info.log</file>
    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
      <fileNamePattern>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</fileNamePattern>
      <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
        <maxFileSize>2MB</maxFileSize>
      </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>
    <append>true</append>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
      <pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
      <charset>utf-8</charset>
    </encoder>

    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
      <level>info</level>
      <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
      <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
    </filter>
  </appender>

  <appender name="logstash" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}.json</file>
    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
      <fileNamePattern>../${LOG_PATH}/${appName}/${appName}-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.json</fileNamePattern>
      <maxHistory>7</maxHistory>
    </rollingPolicy>
    <encoder class="net.logstash.logback.encoder.LoggingEventCompositeJsonEncoder">
      <providers>
        <timestamp>
          <timeZone>UTC</timeZone>
        </timestamp>
        <pattern>
          <pattern>
            {
            "ip": "${ip}",
            "app": "${appName}",
            "level": "%level",
            "trace": "%X{X-B3-TraceId:-}",
            "span": "%X{X-B3-SpanId:-}",
            "parent": "%X{X-B3-ParentSpanId:-}",
            "thread": "%thread",
            "class": "%logger{40}",
            "message": "%message",
            "stack_trace": "%exception{10}"
            }
          </pattern>
        </pattern>
      </providers>
    </encoder>
  </appender>

  <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    <encoder>
      <pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
      <charset>utf-8</charset>
    </encoder>
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
      <level>debug</level>
    </filter>
  </appender>

  <logger name="org.springframework" level="INFO" />
  <logger name="org.hibernate" level="INFO" />
  <logger name="com.kingboy.repository" level="DEBUG" />

  <root level="INFO">
    <appender-ref ref="FILEERROR" />
    <appender-ref ref="FILEWARN" />
    <appender-ref ref="FILEINFO" />
    <appender-ref ref="logstash" />
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
  </root>
</configuration>

生成的日志文件如下：

{"@timestamp":"2019-03-14T07:02:15.318+00:00","ip":"ip_IS_UNDEFINED","app":"appName_IS_UNDEFINED","level":"INFO","trace":"","span":"","parent":"","thread":"main","class":"o.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol","message":"Starting ProtocolHandler ["https-jsse-nio-8443"]","stack_trace":""}
{"@timestamp":"2019-03-14T07:02:15.621+00:00","ip":"ip_IS_UNDEFINED","app":"appName_IS_UNDEFINED","level":"INFO","trace":"","span":"","parent":"","thread":"main","class":"o.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool","message":"Using a shared selector for servlet write/read","stack_trace":""}
{"@timestamp":"2019-03-14T07:02:15.633+00:00","ip":"ip_IS_UNDEFINED","app":"appName_IS_UNDEFINED","level":"INFO","trace":"","span":"","parent":"","thread":"main","class":"o.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol","message":"Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-80"]","stack_trace":""}
{"@timestamp":"2019-03-14T07:02:15.642+00:00","ip":"ip_IS_UNDEFINED","app":"appName_IS_UNDEFINED","level":"INFO","trace":"","span":"","parent":"","thread":"main","class":"o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer","message":"Tomcat started on port(s): 8443 (https) 80 (http) with context path ''","stack_trace":""}
{"@timestamp":"2019-03-14T07:02:15.645+00:00","ip":"ip_IS_UNDEFINED","app":"appName_IS_UNDEFINED","level":"INFO","trace":"","span":"","parent":"","thread":"main","class":"org.data.collector.Application","message":"Started Application in 5.971 seconds (JVM running for 19.807)","stack_trace":""}

filebeat.yml

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#=========================== Filebeat prospectors ============================= filebeat.prospectors: - input_type: log       enabled: true #半天没有日志上传，就是这里的原因！！！  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.  paths:    - /var/log/nginx/*access*.log  json.keys_under_root: true #json的配置要放在这里！！！ input里面的prospector  json.overwrite_keys: true #-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------ output.elasticsearch:  # Array of hosts to connect to.  hosts: ["ip:port","ip:port"]  index: "filebeat_server_nginx_%{+YYYY-MM}"

这里面需要注意的是
json.keys_under_root： 默认这个值是FALSE的，也就是我们的json日志解析后会被放在json键上。设为TRUE，所有的keys就会被放到根节点
json.overwrite_keys: 是否要覆盖原有的key，这是关键配置，将keys_under_root设为TRUE后，再将overwrite_keys也设为TRUE，就能把filebeat默认的key值给覆盖了

还有其他的配置
json.add_error_key：添加json_error key键记录json解析失败错误
json.message_key：指定json日志解析后放到哪个key上，默认是json，你也可以指定为log等。

logback-spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<configuration debug="false" scan="true" scanPeriod="600000">
    <!--定义日志文件的存储地址 勿在 LogBack 的配置中使用相对路径-->  
    <property name="LOG_HOME" value="/var/log" />  
    <contextName>${HOSTNAME}</contextName>
    <springProperty scope="context" name="appName" source="spring.application.name" />
      <springProperty scope="context" name="ip" source="spring.cloud.client.ipAddress" />
      
      <!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符 -->
  <property name="CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN"
            value="[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ${ip} ${appName} %highlight(%-5level) %yellow(%X{X-B3-TraceId}),%green(%X{X-B3-SpanId}),%blue(%X{X-B3-ParentSpanId}) %yellow(%thread) %green(%logger) %msg%n"/>
    
    
    <!-- <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG" /> -->


    <!-- show parameters for hibernate sql 专为 Hibernate 定制 -->
    <!--<logger name="org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder"  level="TRACE" />-->
    <!--<logger name="org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor"  level="DEBUG" />-->
    <!--<logger name="org.hibernate.engine.QueryParameters" level="DEBUG" />-->
    <!--<logger name="org.hibernate.engine.query.HQLQueryPlan" level="DEBUG" />-->
    
    <!-- <logger name="org.hibernate.SQL" level="DEBUG" />  -->
    <logger name="logging.level.com.italktv.platform" level="info" />

    <!-- 控制台输出 -->
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
            <charset>utf-8</charset>
        </encoder>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>debug</level>
        </filter>
    </appender>
    
    <!-- 按照每天生成日志文件 -->   
    <appender name="FILE"  class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">  
             <!-- 正在记录的日志文件的路径及文件名 -->
        <file>${LOG_HOME}/bigdata/data-api.log</file> 
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <!--日志文件输出的文件名-->
            <FileNamePattern>${LOG_HOME}/bigdata/data-api.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log</FileNamePattern> 
            <!--日志文件保留天数-->
            <MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory>
            <maxFileSize>1MB</maxFileSize> 
            <totalSizeCap>10MB</totalSizeCap> 
        </rollingPolicy>   
    <encoder class="net.logstash.logback.encoder.LoggingEventCompositeJsonEncoder">
      <providers>
        <timestamp>
          <timeZone>UTC</timeZone>
        </timestamp>
        <pattern>
          <pattern>
            {
            "ip": "${ip}",
            "app": "${appName}",
            "level": "%level",
            "trace": "%X{X-B3-TraceId:-}",
            "span": "%X{X-B3-SpanId:-}",
            "parent": "%X{X-B3-ParentSpanId:-}",
            "thread": "%thread",
            "class": "%logger{40}",
            "message": "%message",
            "stack_trace": "%exception{10}"
            }
          </pattern>
        </pattern>
      </providers>
    </encoder> 
        <!--日志文件最大的大小
       <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
         <MaxFileSize>10KB</MaxFileSize>
       </triggeringPolicy>
       -->
    </appender> 
      
    <!-- 日志输出级别 -->
    <root level="INFO">
        <!-- 生产上不输出stdout log -->
        <!--appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /-->
        
        <appender-ref ref="FILE" />
    </root> 

</configuration>

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application.xml:

logging:
config: logback-spring.xml

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tomcat里面 log4j的字段值：

https://www.jianshu.com/p/a26da0c55255