1. 安装前环境配置
1）关闭防火墙
-- service版本
service iptables stop
chkconfig off iptables
-- systemctl版本
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
2）关闭selinux
# 禁用selinux，配置/etc/sysconfig/selinux，修改SELINUX项为disabled
if [[ "$(getenforce)" = "Enforcing" ]]; then
cp /etc/selinux/config{,_$(date +%Y%m%d)} && setenforce 0 && sed -i "/^(SELINUX=.*)/c#/1
SELINUX=disable" /etc/selinux/config
fi
3）配置操作系统句柄参数限制
cat > /etc/security/limits.d/99-mysql.conf <<-EOF mysql soft nproc 65536 mysql hard nproc 65536 mysql soft nofile 65536 mysql hard nofile 65536 EOF
4）创建mysql系统用户
groupadd -r mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -c "Mysql server" -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
2. 软件安装
2.1 安装系统依赖包
rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})
" gcc gcc-c++ make cmake ncurses-devel libtool zlib-devel bison libaio
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make cmake ncurses-devel libtool zlib-devel bison libaio
2.2 安装MySQL软件
1）rpm包安装
rpm -ivh mysql-commercial-common-5.7.27-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.27-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-commercial-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-commercial-server-5.7.27-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-commercial-client-5.7.27-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-commercial-devel-5.7.27-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm # lib路径：/usr/lib64/mysql # 默认数据目录：/var/lib/mysql/ # 相关命令 /usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令) # 配置文件 /usr/share/mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）
2）二进制分发包安装
tar xf mysql-advanced-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mv mysql-advanced-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-i686 mysql3308
cd mysql3308
mkdir -p {logs,conf}
mkdir -p /mydata/mysql3308
cp -p support-files/my-medium.cnf conf/my.cnf
cp -p support-files/mysql.server conf/mysqld3308
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata/
chmod -R 750 /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 700 /mydata/mysql3308
3) 源码编译安装方式
tar -xf mysql-boost-5.7.28.tar.gz cd mysql-boost-5.7.28 mkdir debug cd debug cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql3308 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata/mysql3308 -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql3308/conf -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql3308/logs/mysql3308.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3308 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_PAM=ON -DWITH_SSL=bundled -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_BOOST=boost make --jobs $(grep -ci processor /proc/cpuinfo) && make --jobs $(grep -ci processor /proc/cpuinfo) install
3. 初始化
-- 版本低于5.6
# cd /usr/loca/mysql3308/
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql3308 --datadir=/mydata/mysql3308
-- mysql 5.7 ( --initialize表示默认生成密码, --initialize-insecure 表示不生成密码 )
# ${MYSQL_HOME}/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=${MYSQL_HOME} --datadir=${MYSQL_DATA} --initialize
4. 启动服务
1) 参数文件（my.cnf/my.ini）配置
-- 示例
[client] default-character-set = utf8 socket = /usr/local/mysql57/logs/mysql.sock [mysqld] basedir = /usr/local/mysql57 datadir = /usr/local/mysql57/data log-error = /usr/local/mysql57/logs/err.log pid-file = /usr/local/mysql57/logs/mysqld.pid socket = /usr/local/mysql57/logs/mysql.sock port = 3308 default-storage-engine = INNODB character-set-server = utf8 collation-server = utf8_general_ci binlog_format = ROW log_bin = /usr/local/mysql57/data/binlogs/b3308 expire_logs_days = 3 max_binlog_size = 100m max_connect_errors = 5 max_connections = 1000 max_user_connections = 1000 wait_timeout = 1000 open_files_limit = 1024 local-infile = 0 skip_name_resolve = ON server_id = 3308001 master_info_repository=TABLE relay_log_info_repository=TABLE innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 log_timestamps=SYSTEM # undo tablespace innodb_undo_tablespaces=3 #设置为3个 innodb_undo_logs=128 #默认128个 innodb_undo_directory = ./ # gtid_mode gtid_mode=on enforce_gtid_consistency=on log_slave_updates = ON sync_binlog=1 relay_log = /usr/local/mysql57/data/binlogs/s3308 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout
2) 配置服务
-- service 版本 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql3308/conf/mysqld3308 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld3308 chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld3308 cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/ chkconfig --add mysqld3308 chkconfig --list |grep mysqld -- systemctl 版本 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf /et/my.cnf vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql3308.service
[Unit] Description=MySQL Server Documentation=man:mysqld(8) Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html After=network.target After=syslog.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql Type=forking PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql57/logs/mysqld.pid TimeoutSec=0 PermissionsStartOnly=true ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql57/logs/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql LimitNOFILE = 10000 Restart=on-failure RestartPreventExitStatus=1 PrivateTmp=false
3) 启动服务 # 方法1 /usr/loca/mysql/mysql3308/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf # 方法2 systemctl start mysql3308 or service mysql3308 start
5. 服务启动后配置
1) 修改root密码
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=password('root') where user='root';
mysql> delete from user where user!='root' or host!='localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;
2）用户授权
# 远程访问授权 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.10.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' with grant option; mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'node' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' with grant option; mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
6. 删除旧版本rpm方式安装的软件(可选)
# 检查 rpm -qa |grep -E "mariadb|mysql" # 若存在，则卸载， rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs