【Vue+Django Rest Framework】前后端分离项目--项目初始化

项目初始化

系统环境

python 3.7.3

Django 2.2.4

DjangoRestFramework 3.10.2

第一步：启动虚拟化环境

virtualenv虚拟化环境搭建：https://www.cnblogs.com/bk770466199/p/11366374.html

第二步：安装相关依赖包

#查看当前安装依赖包列表
    pip list
#豆瓣源加速安装Django
    
    pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple django
    
    虽然pycharm的设置里可以安装依赖包，但是有些依赖包下载过慢，用豆瓣源加速安装，在命令行里面安装好相关的包，再在pycharm里生成项目，避免因下载包过慢卡死。

#pip安装DRF
    
    pip install djangorestframework

第三步：pycharm生成项目

创建mysql数据库

配置setting,使用我们创建的数据库启动Django项目

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "myshop",
        'USER': "root",
        'PASSWORD': "12345678",
        'HOST': "127.0.0.1",
        "OPTIONS": {"init_command": "SET default_storage_engine=INNODB;"}
    }
}

数据库的配置从网上都可以搜到，生产环境中可以根据系统类型分别配置，使得测试环境和生产环境可以分别连接对应的数据库。

安装mysqlclient

　　python连接mysql需要安装依赖包mysqlclient。

　　正常使用豆瓣源加速安装会报错，如下：

　　

(wText) C:Userszhangw>pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple mysqlclient
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.douban.com/simple
Collecting mysqlclient
  Downloading https://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/4d/38/c5f8bac9c50f3042c8f05615f84206f77f03db79781db841898fde1bb284/mysqlclient-1.4.4.tar.gz (86kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 68kB/s
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
  Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'd:python3python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\mysqlclient\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\mysqlclient\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'
'"'"', '"'"'
'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:UserszhangwAppDataLocalTemppip-record-6pjq9f0minstall-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: C:UserszhangwAppDataLocalTemppip-install-o3l0fmnvmysqlclient
    Complete output (30 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating buildlib.win-amd64-3.7
    creating buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb__init__.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\_exceptions.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdbcompat.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdbconnections.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdbconverters.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdbcursors.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb
elease.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb	imes.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdb
    creating buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    copying MySQLdbconstants__init__.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    copying MySQLdbconstantsCLIENT.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    copying MySQLdbconstantsCR.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    copying MySQLdbconstantsER.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    copying MySQLdbconstantsFIELD_TYPE.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    copying MySQLdbconstantsFLAG.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-3.7MySQLdbconstants
    running build_ext
    building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
    creating build	emp.win-amd64-3.7
    creating build	emp.win-amd64-3.7Release
    creating build	emp.win-amd64-3.7ReleaseMySQLdb
    C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0VCBINx86_amd64cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -Dversion_info=(1,4,4,'final',0) -D__version__=1.4.4 "-IC:Program Files (x86)MySQLMySQL Connector C 6.1includemariadb" -Id:python3include -Id:python3include "-IC:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0VCINCLUDE" "-IC:Program Files (x86)Windows Kits10include10.0.10240.0ucrt" "-IC:Program Files (x86)Windows Kits8.1includeshared" "-IC:Program Files (x86)Windows Kits8.1includeum" "-IC:Program Files (x86)Windows Kits8.1includewinrt" /TcMySQLdb/_mysql.c /Fobuild	emp.win-amd64-3.7ReleaseMySQLdb/_mysql.obj /Zl /D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
    _mysql.c
    MySQLdb/_mysql.c(29): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'mysql.h': No such file or directory
    error: command 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\BIN\x86_amd64\cl.exe' failed with exit status 2
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'd:python3python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\mysqlclient\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\mysqlclient\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'
'"'"', '"'"'
'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:UserszhangwAppDataLocalTemppip-record-6pjq9f0minstall-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.

　　之前没有安装Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0的时候，是因为python3是依赖Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0解析的，需要安装Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0，安装完成之后就报这样的错，各种百度无果，祭出绝招：

　　一个神奇的网站：https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

　　通过这个网站我下载了对应版本的whl文件，然后pip install,真的就不报错，成功安装。