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  • C#导出Excel的示例

    概要：

        excel导出在C#代码中应用己经很广泛了，我这里就做些总结，供自己和读者学习用。

    Excel知识点。 
    一、添加引用和命名空间
    添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel引用，它的默认路径是C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Visual Studio Tools for Office\PIA\Office12\Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
    代码中添加引用using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
    二、Excel类的简单介绍
    此命名空间下关于Excel类的结构分别为：
    ApplicationClass - 就是我们的excel应用程序。
    Workbook - 就是我们平常见的一个个excel文件，经常是使用Workbooks类对其进行操作。
    Worksheet - 就是excel文件中的一个个sheet页。
    Worksheet.Cells[row, column] - 就是某行某列的单元格，注意这里的下标row和column都是从1开始的，跟我平常用的数组或集合的下标有所不同。
    知道了上述基本知识后，利用此类来操作excel就清晰了很多。
    三、Excel的操作
    任何操作Excel的动作首先肯定是用excel应用程序，首先要new一个ApplicationClass 实例，并在最后将此实例释放。

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    　　ApplicationClass xlsApp = new ApplicationClass(); // 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。
    　　if (xlsApp == null)
    　　{
    　　//对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel
    　　}

    1. 打开现有的Excel文件

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    　　Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    　　Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet; //第一个sheet页
    　　mySheet.Name = "testsheet"; //这里修改sheet名称


    2.复制sheet页

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    　　mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[1]); //复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个


    注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。
    3.删除sheet页

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    　　xlsApp.DisplayAlerts = false; //如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。
    　　(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet).Delete();


    4.选中sheet页

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    　　(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing); //选中某个sheet页


    5.另存excel文件

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    　　workbook.Saved = true;
    　　workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);


    6.释放excel资源

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    　　workbook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
    　　workbook = null;
    　　xlsApp.Quit();
    　　xlsApp = null;

    一般的我们传入一个DataTable生成Excel代码

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    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dt"></param>
    protected void ExportExcel(DataTable dt)
    {
        if (dt == null||dt.Rows.Count==0) return;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
     
        if (xlApp == null)
        {
            return;
        }
        System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
        System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;
        long totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;
        long rowRead = 0;
        float percent = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
        {
            worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
            range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];
            range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
            range.Font.Bold = true;
        }
        for (int r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();
            }
            rowRead++;
            percent = ((float)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;
        }
        xlApp.Visible = true;
    }

    如果要在excel中插入图片，我们需要把代码加入一行即可，如下所示

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    protected void ExportExcel(DataTable dt)
    {
        if (dt == null || dt.Rows.Count == 0) return;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
     
        if (xlApp == null)
        {
            return;
        }
        System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
        System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];
        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;
        long totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;
        long rowRead = 0;
        float percent = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
        {
            worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
            range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];
            range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
        }
        for (int r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                try
                {
                    worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();
                }
                catch
                {
                    worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString().Replace("=", "");
                }
            }
            rowRead++;
            percent = ((float)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;
        }
          
        worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif", Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);
        worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1, "123456", "Red", 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);
        xlApp.Visible = true;
    }

    我们调用如下:

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    public void GenerateExcel()
    {
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
        dt.Columns.Add("Age", typeof(string));
        DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
        dr["Name"] = "spring";
        dr["Age"] = "20";
        dt.Rows.Add(dr);
        dt.AcceptChanges();
        ExportExcel(dt);
    }

    运行结果如下所示:

    image

    其中如下代码的作用是

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    worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif", Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);

    在Excel的指定位置加入图片

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    worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1, "123456", "Red", 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);

    在Excel的指定位置加入文本框，和里面的内容.

    我们可以这样来设计一个ExcelBase的基类:

    先创建一个ExcelBE.cs：

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    public class ExcelBE
     {
         private int _row = 0;
         private int _col = 0;
         private string _text = string.Empty;
         private string _startCell = string.Empty;
         private string _endCell = string.Empty;
         private string _interiorColor = string.Empty;
         private bool _isMerge = false;
         private int _size = 0;
         private string _fontColor = string.Empty;
         private string _format = string.Empty;
     
         public ExcelBE(int row, int col, string text, string startCell, string endCell, string interiorColor, bool isMerge, int size, string fontColor, string format)
         {
             _row = row;
             _col = col;
             _text = text;
             _startCell = startCell;
             _endCell = endCell;
             _interiorColor = interiorColor;
             _isMerge = isMerge;
             _size = size;
             _fontColor = fontColor;
             _format = format;
         }
     
         public ExcelBE()
         { }
     
         public int Row
         {
             get { return _row; }
             set { _row = value; }
         }
     
         public int Col
         {
             get { return _col; }
             set { _col = value; }
         }
     
         public string Text
         {
             get { return _text; }
             set { _text = value; }
         }
     
         public string StartCell
         {
             get { return _startCell; }
             set { _startCell = value; }
         }
     
         public string EndCell
         {
             get { return _endCell; }
             set { _endCell = value; }
         }
     
         public string InteriorColor
         {
             get { return _interiorColor; }
             set { _interiorColor = value; }
         }
     
         public bool IsMerge
         {
             get { return _isMerge; }
             set { _isMerge = value; }
         }
     
         public int Size
         {
             get { return _size; }
             set { _size = value; }
         }
     
         public string FontColor
         {
             get { return _fontColor; }
             set { _fontColor = value; }
         }
     
         public string Formart
         {
             get { return _format; }
             set { _format = value; }
         }
     
     }

    接下来创建ExcelBase.cs:

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    public class ExcelBase
    {
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = null;
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null;
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = null;
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range workSheet_range = null;
     
        public ExcelBase()
        {
            createDoc();
        }
     
        public void createDoc()
        {
            try
            {
                app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
                app.Visible = true;
                workbook = app.Workbooks.Add(1);
                worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Sheets[1];
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.Write("Error");
            }
            finally
            {
            }
        }
     
        public void InsertData(ExcelBE be)
        {
            worksheet.Cells[be.Row, be.Col] = be.Text;
            workSheet_range = worksheet.get_Range(be.StartCell, be.EndCell);
            workSheet_range.MergeCells = be.IsMerge;
            workSheet_range.Interior.Color = GetColorValue(be.InteriorColor);
            workSheet_range.Borders.Color = System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();
            workSheet_range.ColumnWidth = be.Size;
            workSheet_range.Font.Color = string.IsNullOrEmpty(be.FontColor) ? System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb() : System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();
            workSheet_range.NumberFormat = be.Formart;
        }
     
        private int GetColorValue(string interiorColor)
        {
            switch (interiorColor)
            {
                case "YELLOW":
                    return System.Drawing.Color.Yellow.ToArgb();
                case "GRAY":
                    return System.Drawing.Color.Gray.ToArgb();
                case "GAINSBORO":
                    return System.Drawing.Color.Gainsboro.ToArgb();
                case "Turquoise":
                    return System.Drawing.Color.Turquoise.ToArgb();
                case "PeachPuff":
                    return System.Drawing.Color.PeachPuff.ToArgb();
     
                default:
                    return System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();
            }
        }
    }

    调用的代码如下:

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    private void btnRun_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        ExcelBase excel = new ExcelBase();
        //creates the main header
        ExcelBE be = null;
        be = new ExcelBE (5, 2, "Total of Products", "B5", "D5", "YELLOW", true, 10, "n",null);
        excel.InsertData(be);
        //creates subheaders
        be = new ExcelBE (6, 2, "Sold Product", "B6", "B6", "GRAY", true, 10, "",null);
        excel.InsertData(be);
        be=new ExcelBE(6, 3, "", "C6", "C6", "GRAY", true, 10, "",null);
        excel.InsertData(be);
        be=new ExcelBE (6, 4, "Initial Total", "D6", "D6", "GRAY", true, 10, "",null);
        excel.InsertData(be);
        //add Data to cells
        be=new ExcelBE (7, 2, "114287", "B7", "B7",null,false,10,"", "#,##0");
        excel.InsertData(be);
        be=new ExcelBE (7, 3, "", "C7", "C7", null,false,10,"",null);
        excel.InsertData(be);
        be = new ExcelBE(7, 4, "129121", "D7", "D7", null, false, 10, "", "#,##0");
        excel.InsertData(be);
        //add percentage row
        be = new ExcelBE(8, 2, "", "B8", "B8", null, false, 10, "", "");
        excel.InsertData(be);
        be = new ExcelBE(8, 3, "=B7/D7", "C8", "C8", null, false, 10, "", "0.0%");
        excel.InsertData(be);
        be = new ExcelBE(8, 4, "", "D8", "D8", null, false, 10, "", "");
        excel.InsertData(be);
        //add empty divider
        be = new ExcelBE(9, 2, "", "B9", "D9", "GAINSBORO", true, 10, "",null);
        excel.InsertData(be);   
     
    }

    结果如下图所示：

    image

    作者：spring yang

    出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/springyangwc/

     
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/blsong/p/2282326.html
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