docker部署mysql远程连接 解决1251 client does not support ..

现象：用虚拟机上Docker启动mysql之后无法在本地安装的navicat上远程连接已启动的mysql，错误截图：

原因：mysql 8.0 默认使用 caching_sha2_password 身份验证机制；客户端不支持新的加密方式。

解决方案：

修改用户（root）的加密方式

步骤：

1、进入mysql容器内部

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql01 bash

进入之后输入如下命令：

root@8e74f086c2bb:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 8.0.16 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

会提示并进入mysql容器：输入对应命令

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$Z%@a}aqP.mjjK<t?SjMyCAGpzJJtUmnYFmTgPoqWOESUfAg9ojwPkd8HzP4 |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$Gr/wA/
                                                                      PHFFzz``OkyuNlZo3K6eObfcdOORjQoG3zvTztdSnkIDOgg5ZkmzRb/ |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

host为 % 表示不限制ip localhost表示本机使用 plugin非mysql_native_password 则需要修改密码

输入如下命令：

mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

mysql>flush privileges;

再次查询：

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| %         | root             | mysql_native_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9                              |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$Gr/wA/
                                                                      PHFFzz``OkyuNlZo3K6eObfcdOORjQoG3zvTztdSnkIDOgg5ZkmzRb/ |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

已经修改完成，点击连接：