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  • spring boot + thymeleaf +security自定义规则 的简单使用

    1.前言

    以前开发一直使用 springMVC模式开发 ,前端页面常使用 JSP  ,现在html5淘汰了 ,要么使用html ,要么使用vue ,

    现在使用spring boot ,有必要总结一下 spring boot 对html 的操作 。

    2.环境

    spring boot   2.1.6.RELEASE

    3.操作

    (1)下载依赖

      <!--spring security 依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!--访问静态资源-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
            </dependency>

    完整pom

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>security-5500</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>security-5500</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring security 依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!--访问静态资源-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                        <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>
    View Code

     (2)目录结构

      (3)resources 里的static包是存放静态资源的 ,static下面新建一个img包 ,里面放一个图片文件

    启动后,直接输入网址 http://localhost:5500/img/xx.png    即可访问  ,不会被security拦截  

     【只要pom加了security依赖包 ,将默认启动security,默认账户名 为 user 

    密码是打印台打印的 随机数

     (4)使用了thymeleaf 模板 ,那么html文件必须放在 路径为 resources/templates 的文件夹里面

    否则spring boot 扫描不到文件 ,当然,也是可以修改的需要在application配置文件里修改

     

     完整的pom.xml

    spring.application.name=security-5500
    # 应用服务web访问端口
    server.port=5500
    #配置security登录账户密和密码  ,不配置则默认账户是user,密码是随机生成的字符串,打印在启动栏中
    #spring.security.user.name=11
    #spring.security.user.password=22
    #
    ##
    ##
    ##
    ## Enable template caching.
    #spring.thymeleaf.cache=true
    ## Check that the templates location exists.
    #spring.thymeleaf.check-template-location=true
    ## Content-Type value.
    ##spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html
    ## Enable MVC Thymeleaf view resolution.
    #spring.thymeleaf.enabled=true
    ## Template encoding.
    #spring.thymeleaf.encoding=utf-8
    ## Comma-separated list of view names that should be excluded from resolution.
    #spring.thymeleaf.excluded-view-names=
    ## Template mode to be applied to templates. See also StandardTemplateModeHandlers.
    #spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
    ## Prefix that gets prepended to view names when building a URL.
    ##设置html文件位置
    #spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
    ## Suffix that gets appended to view names when building a URL.
    #spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html  spring.thymeleaf.template-resolver-order= # Order of the template resolver in the chain. spring.thymeleaf.view-names= # Comma-separated list of view names that can be resolved.
    View Code

    (5)新建html文件

    新建一个名为 index.html的文件 ,使用了 thymeleaf 模板的语法  th:href="@{/home}" 进行跳转  ,这个 /home路径是虚拟路径 ,需要设置的,待会展示

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
          xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>index</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    你好 ,世界 ,2333
    <p>点击 <a th:href="@{/home}"></a> 去home.html页面</p>
    
    </body>
    </html>

    新建一个名为 home.html的文件

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
          xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>security首页</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>Welcome!你好,世界</h1>
    
    <p>Click <a th:href="@{/hai}">here</a> to see a greeting.</p>
    </body>
    </html>

    新建一个名为 hai.html的文件

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
          xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>hai文件</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        你好呀世界,成功登录进来了
    </body>
    </html>

    新建一个名为 kk.html的文件,用于测试html文件获取静态文件

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>kk</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <img src="img/xx.png" alt="">
    </body>
    </html>

     还需要新建一个login.html文件 ,待会用来作为security的自定义登录页面

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
          xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
    <head>
        <title>Spring Security自定义</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div th:if="${param.error}">
        Invalid username and password.
    </div>
    <div th:if="${param.logout}">
        You have been logged out.
    </div>
    <form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
        <div><label> User Name : <input type="text" name="username"/> </label></div>
        <div><label> Password: <input type="password" name="password"/> </label></div>
        <div><input type="submit" value="Sign In"/></div>
    </form>
    <br>
    lalallalalal啊是德国海
    </body>
    </html>

     (6)设置虚拟路径用于访问html文件 【springMVC的视图设置一样,但是,不需要配置,直接引入 thymeleaf 即可使用】

    在controller层

    package com.example.security5500.controller;
    
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    @Controller
    public class MVCController {
    
        @RequestMapping("/home")
        public String home() {
            return "home";
        }
    
    
        @RequestMapping("/login")
        public String login(){
            return "login";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("/hai")
        public String hai() {
            return "hai";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("/")
        public String index() {
            return "index";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping("kk")
        public String kk() {
            return "kk";
        }
    
        //心得,index.html默认是首页,当没有指定路径 / 是哪个文件时 index.html将默认是根路径/
    
    }

    (7)测试

    启动类没有改变 ,默认即可

    启动程序,访问  http://localhost:5500/    将会弹出security页面

     输入默认账户和密码 即可跳转index.html页面  

     点击 “我” ,可跳转到home.html页面

    【注意 ,必须配置好了 html文件的虚拟路径

    thymeleaf 模板语法

     才可以使用,否则提示404

     好了,到了这里已经完整的解释了 spring boot 怎么使用html作为前端页面开发

    (8)修改security的拦截规则

    新建 文件  WebSecurityConfig 

     源码

    package com.example.security5500.securityConfig;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
    
    @Configuration
    @EnableWebSecurity
    public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
        //定义了哪些URL路径应该被保护,哪些不应该。具体来说,“/”和“/ home”路径被配置为不需要任何身份验证。所有其他路径必须经过身份验证。
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http
                    //设置不拦截页面,可直接通过,路径访问 "/", "/index", "/home" 则不拦截
                    .authorizeRequests()
                    .antMatchers("/", "/index", "/home").permitAll()
                    .anyRequest().authenticated()
                    .and()
                    //设置自定义登录页面
                    .formLogin()
                    .loginPage("/login")
                    .permitAll()
                    .and()
                    //设置自定义登出页面
                    .logout()
    //                .logoutUrl("/mylogout")
                    .permitAll();
        }
    
    
    }
    View Code

    再次启动工程

    访问  http://localhost:5500/  可直接进入页面了 ,不需要security 验证

     

    访问  http://localhost:5500/hai 会被security拦截  ,将进入配置的自定义登录页面

     登录后才可以跳转 hai.html

    (9)登出

    登出 security 网址访问 http://localhost:5500/login?logout  ,点击蓝色大按钮即可

     

    4.如何修改security的账户与密码?

    (1)方法一 :

    application配置文件添加属性

    #配置security登录账户密和密码  ,不配置则默认账户是user,密码是随机生成的字符串,打印在启动栏中
    spring.security.user.name=11
    spring.security.user.password=22

     完整源码

    spring.application.name=security-5500
    # 应用服务web访问端口
    server.port=5500
    #配置security登录账户密和密码  ,不配置则默认账户是user,密码是随机生成的字符串,打印在启动栏中
    spring.security.user.name=11
    spring.security.user.password=22
    #
    ##
    ##
    ##
    ## Enable template caching.
    #spring.thymeleaf.cache=true
    ## Check that the templates location exists.
    #spring.thymeleaf.check-template-location=true
    ## Content-Type value.
    ##spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html
    ## Enable MVC Thymeleaf view resolution.
    #spring.thymeleaf.enabled=true
    ## Template encoding.
    #spring.thymeleaf.encoding=utf-8
    ## Comma-separated list of view names that should be excluded from resolution.
    #spring.thymeleaf.excluded-view-names=
    ## Template mode to be applied to templates. See also StandardTemplateModeHandlers.
    #spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
    ## Prefix that gets prepended to view names when building a URL.
    ##设置html文件位置
    #spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
    ## Suffix that gets appended to view names when building a URL.
    #spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html  spring.thymeleaf.template-resolver-order= # Order of the template resolver in the chain. spring.thymeleaf.view-names= # Comma-separated list of view names that can be resolved.
    View Code

    (2)方法二:

    进入刚才配置security规则的文件 WebSecurityConfig  ,直接将用户设置在内存中

     //将单个用户设置在内存中  ,在这里设置了用户信息,那么application的登录信息则不需要写
        @Bean
        @Override
        protected UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
            PasswordEncoder encoder = PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
            UserDetails user = User
                    .withUsername("user")
                    .password(encoder.encode("11"))
                    .roles("USER")
                    .build();
            return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user);
        }

    完整源码

    package com.example.security5500.securityConfig;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
    
    @Configuration
    @EnableWebSecurity
    public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
        //定义了哪些URL路径应该被保护,哪些不应该。具体来说,“/”和“/ home”路径被配置为不需要任何身份验证。所有其他路径必须经过身份验证。
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http
                    //设置不拦截页面,可直接通过,路径访问 "/", "/index", "/home" 则不拦截
                    .authorizeRequests()
                    .antMatchers("/", "/index", "/home").permitAll()
                    .anyRequest().authenticated()
                    .and()
                    //设置自定义登录页面
                    .formLogin()
                    .loginPage("/login")
                    .permitAll()
                    .and()
                    //设置自定义登出页面
                    .logout()
    //                .logoutUrl("/mylogout")
                    .permitAll();
        }
    
    
        //将单个用户设置在内存中  ,在这里设置了用户信息,那么application的登录信息则不需要写
        @Bean
        @Override
        protected UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
            PasswordEncoder encoder = PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
            UserDetails user = User
                    .withUsername("user")
                    .password(encoder.encode("11"))
                    .roles("USER")
                    .build();
            return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user);
        }
    
    }
    View Code

     (3)方法三:

    仍然是修改 配置security规则的文件 WebSecurityConfig

     //可以使用以下配置在内存中进行注册公开内存的身份验证{@link UserDetailsService}:
        // 在内存中添加 user 和 admin 用户
        @Override
        protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
            auth
                    .inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("user").password("11").roles("USER").and()
                    .withUser("admin").password("11").roles("USER", "ADMIN");
        }
        // 将 UserDetailsService 显示为 Bean
        @Bean
        @Override
        public UserDetailsService userDetailsServiceBean() throws Exception {
            return super.userDetailsServiceBean();
        }
        @Bean
        public static NoOpPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            return (NoOpPasswordEncoder) NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
        }

    完整源码

    package com.example.security5500.securityConfig;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
    
    @Configuration
    @EnableWebSecurity
    public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
        //定义了哪些URL路径应该被保护,哪些不应该。具体来说,“/”和“/ home”路径被配置为不需要任何身份验证。所有其他路径必须经过身份验证。
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http
                    .authorizeRequests()
                    //设置不拦截页面,可直接通过,路径访问 "/", "/index", "/home" 则不拦截
                    .antMatchers("/", "/index", "/home").permitAll()
                    .anyRequest().authenticated()
                    .and()
                    //设置自定义登录页面
                    .formLogin()
                    .loginPage("/login")
                    .permitAll()
                    .and()
                    //设置自定义登出页面
                    .logout()
    //                .logoutUrl("/mylogout")
                    .permitAll();
    
        }
        
    
        //可以使用以下配置在内存中进行注册公开内存的身份验证{@link UserDetailsService}:
        // 在内存中添加 user 和 admin 用户
        @Override
        protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
            auth
                    .inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("user").password("11").roles("USER").and()
                    .withUser("admin").password("11").roles("USER", "ADMIN");
        }
        // 将 UserDetailsService 显示为 Bean
        @Bean
        @Override
        public UserDetailsService userDetailsServiceBean() throws Exception {
            return super.userDetailsServiceBean();
        }
        @Bean
        public static NoOpPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            return (NoOpPasswordEncoder) NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
        }
    
    }
    View Code

     注意:

      @Bean
        public static NoOpPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
            return (NoOpPasswordEncoder) NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
        }

    这一个方法是用来设置加密方式的额 ,NoOpPasswordEncoder是不加密的意思,虽然不加密,但是少了会报错,

    处理该加密方式外还有  BCryptPasswordEncoder 、SCryptPasswordEncoder 等 ,详细可查看我的其他随笔

    【注意: 三个方法任选一个都可以修改登录账号密码,但是,方法2和3不能同时使用 ,如果WebSecurityConfig 和application 文件 都写上 ,会导致application配置文件设置的账号密码失效,仅WebSecurityConfig内的方法设置的有效】

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/c2g5201314/p/13030335.html
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