1.理论部分
1.1分度表
|
温度℃ |
热电动势（mV）（JJG 351-84）参考端温度为0℃ |
|||||||||
|
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
|
|
-50 |
-1.889 |
-1.925 |
-1.961 |
-1.996 |
-2.032 |
-2.067 |
-2.102 |
-2.137 |
-2.173 |
-2.208 |
|
-40 |
-1.527 |
-1.563 |
-1.600 |
-1.636 |
-1.673 |
-1.709 |
-1.745 |
-1.781 |
-1.817 |
-1.853 |
|
-30 |
-1.156 |
-1.193 |
-1.231 |
-1.268 |
-1.305 |
-1.342 |
-1.379 |
-1.416 |
-1.453 |
-1.490 |
|
-20 |
-0.777 |
-0.816 |
-0.854 |
-0.892 |
-0.930 |
-0.968 |
-1.005 |
-1.043 |
-1.081 |
-1.118 |
|
-10 |
-0.392 |
-0.431 |
-0.469 |
-0.508 |
-0.547 |
-0.585 |
-0.624 |
-0.662 |
-0.701 |
-0.739 |
|
-0 |
0 |
-0.039 |
-0.079 |
0.118 |
-0.157 |
-0.197 |
0.236 |
-0.275 |
-0.314 |
-0.353 |
|
0 |
0 |
0.039 |
0.079 |
0.119 |
0.158 |
0.198 |
0.238 |
0.277 |
0.317 |
0.357 |
|
10 |
0.397 |
0.437 |
0.477 |
0.517 |
0.557 |
0.597 |
0.637 |
0.677 |
0.718 |
0.758 |
|
20 |
0.798 |
0.838 |
0.879 |
0.919 |
0.960 |
1.000 |
1.041 |
1.081 |
1.122 |
1.162 |
|
30 |
1.203 |
1.244 |
1.285 |
1.325 |
1.366 |
1.407 |
1.448 |
1.489 |
1.529 |
1.570 |
|
40 |
1.611 |
1.652 |
1.693 |
1.734 |
1.776 |
1.817 |
1.858 |
1.899 |
1.940 |
1.981 |
|
50 |
2.022 |
2.064 |
2.105 |
2.146 |
2.188 |
2.229 |
2.270 |
2.312 |
2.353 |
2.394 |
|
60 |
2.436 |
2.477 |
2.519 |
2.560 |
2.601 |
2.643 |
2.684 |
2.726 |
2.767 |
2.809 |
|
70 |
2.850 |
2.892 |
2.933 |
2.875 |
3.016 |
3.058 |
3.100 |
3.141 |
3.183 |
3.224 |
|
80 |
3.266 |
3.307 |
3.349 |
3.390 |
3.432 |
3.473 |
3.515 |
3.556 |
3.598 |
3.639 |
|
90 |
3.681 |
3.722 |
3.764 |
3.805 |
3.847 |
3.888 |
3.930 |
3.971 |
4.012 |
4.054 |
|
温度℃ |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
|
100 |
4.095 |
4.137 |
4.178 |
4.219 |
4.261 |
4.302 |
4.343 |
4.384 |
4.426 |
4.467 |
|
110 |
4.508 |
4.549 |
4.590 |
4.632 |
4.673 |
4.714 |
4.755 |
4.796 |
4.837 |
4.878 |
|
120 |
4.919 |
4.960 |
5.001 |
5.042 |
5.083 |
5.124 |
5.164 |
5.205 |
5.246 |
5.287 |
|
130 |
5.327 |
5.368 |
5.409 |
5.450 |
5.490 |
5.531 |
5.571 |
5.612 |
5.652 |
5.693 |
|
140 |
5.733 |
5.774 |
5.814 |
5.855 |
5.895 |
5.936 |
5.976 |
6.016 |
6.057 |
6.097 |
|
150 |
6.137 |
6.177 |
6.218 |
6.258 |
6.298 |
6.338 |
6.378 |
6.419 |
6.459 |
6.499 |
|
160 |
6.539 |
6.579 |
6.619 |
6.659 |
6.699 |
6.739 |
6.779 |
6.819 |
6.859 |
6.899 |
|
170 |
6.939 |
6.979 |
7.019 |
7.059 |
7.099 |
7.139 |
7.179 |
7.219 |
7.259 |
7.299 |
|
180 |
7.338 |
7.378 |
7.418 |
7.458 |
7.498 |
7.538 |
7.578 |
7.618 |
7.658 |
7.697 |
|
190 |
7.737 |
7.777 |
7.817 |
7.857 |
7.897 |
7.937 |
7.977 |
8.017 |
8.057 |
8.097 |
|
200 |
8.137 |
8.177 |
8.216 |
8.256 |
8.296 |
8.336 |
8.376 |
8.416 |
8.456 |
8.497 |
|
210 |
8.537 |
8.577 |
8.617 |
8.657 |
8.697 |
8.737 |
8.777 |
8.817 |
8.857 |
8.898 |
|
220 |
8.938 |
8.978 |
9.018 |
9.058 |
9.099 |
9.139 |
9.179 |
9.220 |
9.260 |
9.300 |
|
230 |
9.341 |
9.381 |
9.421 |
9.462 |
9.502 |
9.543 |
9.583 |
9.624 |
9.664 |
9.705 |
|
240 |
9.745 |
9.786 |
9.826 |
9.867 |
9.907 |
9.948 |
9.989 |
10.029 |
10.070 |
10.111 |
|
250 |
10.151 |
10.192 |
10.233 |
10.274 |
10.315 |
10.355 |
10.396 |
10.437 |
10.478 |
10.519 |
|
260 |
10.560 |
10.600 |
10.641 |
10.882 |
10.723 |
10.764 |
10.805 |
10.848 |
10.887 |
10.928 |
|
270 |
10.969 |
11.010 |
11.051 |
11.093 |
11.134 |
11.175 |
11.216 |
11.257 |
11.298 |
11.339 |
|
280 |
11.381 |
11.422 |
11.463 |
11.504 |
11.545 |
11.587 |
11.628 |
11.669 |
11.711 |
11.752 |
|
290 |
11.793 |
11.835 |
11.876 |
11.918 |
11.959 |
12.000 |
12.042 |
12.083 |
12.125 |
12.166 |
|
温度℃ |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
|
300 |
12.207 |
12.249 |
12.290 |
12.332 |
12.373 |
12.415 |
12.456 |
12.498 |
12.539 |
12.581 |
|
310 |
12.623 |
12.664 |
12.706 |
12.747 |
12.789 |
12.831 |
12.872 |
12.914 |
12.955 |
12.997 |
|
320 |
13.039 |
13.080 |
13.122 |
13.164 |
13.205 |
13.247 |
13.289 |
13.331 |
13.372 |
13.414 |
|
330 |
13.456 |
13.497 |
13.539 |
13.581 |
13.623 |
13.665 |
13.706 |
13.748 |
13.790 |
13.832 |
|
340 |
13.874 |
13.915 |
13.957 |
13.999 |
14.041 |
14.083 |
14.125 |
14.167 |
14.208 |
14.250 |
|
350 |
14.292 |
14.334 |
14.376 |
14.418 |
14.460 |
14.502 |
14.544 |
14.586 |
14.628 |
14.670 |
|
360 |
14.712 |
14.754 |
14.796 |
14.838 |
14.880 |
14.922 |
14.964 |
15.006 |
15.048 |
15.090 |
|
370 |
15.132 |
15.174 |
15.216 |
15.258 |
15.300 |
15.342 |
15.394 |
15.426 |
15.468 |
15.510 |
|
380 |
15.552 |
15.594 |
15.636 |
15.679 |
15.721 |
15.763 |
15.805 |
15.847 |
15.889 |
15.931 |
|
390 |
15.974 |
16.016 |
16.058 |
16.100 |
16.142 |
16.184 |
16.227 |
16.269 |
16.311 |
16.353 |
|
400 |
16.395 |
16.438 |
16.480 |
16.522 |
16.564 |
16.607 |
16.649 |
16.691 |
16.733 |
16.776 |
|
410 |
16.818 |
16.860 |
16.902 |
16.945 |
16.987 |
17.029 |
17.072 |
17.114 |
17.156 |
17.199 |
|
420 |
17.241 |
17.283 |
17.326 |
17.368 |
17.410 |
17.453 |
17.495 |
17.537 |
17.580 |
17.622 |
|
430 |
17.664 |
17.707 |
17.749 |
17.792 |
17.834 |
17.876 |
17.919 |
17.961 |
18.004 |
18.046 |
|
440 |
18.088 |
18.131 |
18.173 |
18.216 |
18.258 |
18.301 |
18.343 |
18.385 |
18.428 |
18.470 |
|
450 |
18.513 |
18.555 |
18.598 |
18.640 |
18.683 |
18.725 |
18.768 |
18.810 |
18.853 |
18.896 |
|
460 |
18.938 |
18.980 |
19.023 |
19.065 |
19.108 |
19.150 |
19.193 |
19.235 |
19.278 |
19.320 |
|
470 |
19.363 |
19.405 |
19.448 |
19.490 |
19.533 |
19.576 |
19.618 |
19.661 |
19.703 |
19.746 |
|
480 |
19.788 |
19.831 |
19.873 |
19.916 |
19.959 |
20.001 |
20.044 |
20.086 |
20.129 |
20.172 |
|
490 |
20.214 |
20.257 |
20.299 |
20.342 |
20.385 |
20.427 |
20.470 |
20.512 |
20.555 |
20.598 |
|
温度℃ |
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
|
500 |
20.640 |
20.683 |
20.725 |
20.768 |
20.811 |
20.853 |
20.896 |
20.938 |
20.981 |
21.024 |
|
510 |
21.066 |
21.109 |
21.152 |
21.194 |
21.237 |
21.280 |
21.322 |
21.365 |
21.407 |
21.450 |
|
520 |
21.493 |
21.535 |
21.578 |
21.621 |
21.663 |
21.706 |
21.749 |
21.791 |
21.834 |
21.876 |
|
530 |
21.919 |
21.962 |
22.004 |
22.047 |
22.090 |
22.132 |
22.175 |
22.218 |
22.260 |
22.303 |
|
540 |
22.346 |
22.388 |
22.431 |
22.473 |
22.516 |
22.559 |
22.601 |
22.644 |
22.687 |
22.729 |
|
550 |
22.772 |
22.815 |
22.857 |
22.900 |
22.942 |
22.985 |
23.028 |
23.070 |
23.113 |
23.156 |
|
560 |
23.198 |
23.241 |
23.284 |
23.326 |
23.369 |
23.411 |
23.454 |
23.497 |
23.539 |
23.582 |
|
570 |
23.624 |
23.667 |
23.710 |
23.752 |
23.795 |
23.837 |
23.880 |
23.923 |
23.965 |
24.008 |
|
580 |
24.050 |
24.093 |
24.136 |
24.178 |
24.221 |
24.263 |
24.306 |
24.348 |
24.391 |
24.434 |
|
590 |
24.476 |
24.519 |
24.561 |
24.604 |
24.646 |
24.689 |
24.731 |
24.774 |
24.817 |
24.859 |
|
600 |
24.902 |
24.944 |
24.987 |
25.029 |
25.072 |
25.114 |
25.157 |
25.199 |
25.242 |
25.284 |
|
610 |
25.327 |
25.369 |
25.412 |
25.454 |
25.497 |
25.539 |
25.582 |
25.624 |
25.666 |
25.709 |
|
620 |
25.751 |
25.794 |
25.836 |
25.879 |
25.921 |
25.964 |
26.006 |
26.048 |
26.091 |
26.133 |
|
630 |
26.176 |
26.218 |
26.260 |
26.303 |
26.345 |
26.387 |
26.430 |
26.472 |
26.515 |
26.557 |
|
640 |
26.599 |
26.642 |
26.684 |
26.726 |
26.769 |
26.811 |
26.853 |
26.896 |
26.938 |
26.980 |
|
650 |
27.022 |
27.065 |
27.107 |
27.149 |
27.192 |
27.234 |
27.276 |
27.318 |
27.361 |
27.403 |
|
660 |
27.445 |
27.487 |
27.529 |
27.572 |
27.614 |
27.656 |
27.698 |
27.740 |
27.783 |
27.825 |
|
670 |
27.867 |
27.909 |
27.951 |
27.993 |
28.035 |
28.078 |
28.120 |
28.162 |
28.204 |
28.246 |
|
680 |
28.288 |
28.330 |
28.372 |
28.414 |
28.456 |
28.498 |
28.540 |
28.583 |
28.625 |
28.667 |
|
690 |
28.709 |
28.751 |
28.793 |
28.835 |
28.877 |
28.919 |
28.961 |
29.002 |
29.044 |
29.086 |
使用Python绘制温度-热电势曲线
1 from pylab import * 2 '''绘制K型分度表曲线0-299度''' 3 xTemp = [temp for temp in range(300)] 4 yK = [0,0.039,0.079,0.119,0.158,0.198,0.238,0.277,0.317,0.357, 5 0.397,0.437,0.477,0.517,0.557,0.597,0.637,0.677,0.718,0.758, 6 0.798,0.838,0.879,0.919,0.960,1.000,1.041,1.081,1.122,1.162, 7 1.203,1.244,1.285,1.325,1.366,1.407,1.448,1.489,1.529,1.570, 8 1.611,1.652,1.693,1.734,1.776,1.817,1.858,1.899,1.940,1.981, 9 2.022,2.064,2.105,2.146,2.188,2.229,2.270,2.312,2.353,2.394, 10 2.436,2.477,2.519,2.560,2.601,2.643,2.684,2.726,2.767,2.809, 11 2.850,2.892,2.933,2.875,3.016,3.058,3.100,3.141,3.183,3.224, 12 3.266,3.307,3.349,3.390,3.432,3.473,3.515,3.556,3.598,3.639, 13 3.681,3.722,3.764,3.805,3.847,3.888,3.930,3.971,4.012,4.054, 14 4.095,4.137,4.178,4.219,4.261,4.302,4.343,4.384,4.426,4.467, 15 4.508,4.549,4.590,4.632,4.673,4.714,4.755,4.796,4.837,4.878, 16 4.919,4.960,5.001,5.042,5.083,5.124,5.164,5.205,5.246,5.287, 17 5.327,5.368,5.409,5.450,5.490,5.531,5.571,5.612,5.652,5.693, 18 5.733,5.774,5.814,5.855,5.895,5.936,5.976,6.016,6.057,6.097, 19 6.137,6.177,6.218,6.258,6.298,6.338,6.378,6.419,6.459,6.499, 20 6.539,6.579,6.619,6.659,6.699,6.739,6.779,6.819,6.859,6.899, 21 6.939,6.979,7.019,7.059,7.099,7.139,7.179,7.219,7.259,7.299, 22 7.338,7.378,7.418,7.458,7.498,7.538,7.578,7.618,7.658,7.697, 23 7.737,7.777,7.817,7.857,7.897,7.937,7.977,8.017,8.057,8.097, 24 8.137,8.177,8.216,8.256,8.296,8.336,8.376,8.416,8.456,8.497, 25 8.537,8.577,8.617,8.657,8.697,8.737,8.777,8.817,8.857,8.898, 26 8.938,8.978,9.018,9.058,9.099,9.139,9.179,9.220,9.260,9.300, 27 9.341,9.381,9.421,9.462,9.502,9.543,9.583,9.624,9.664,9.705, 28 9.745,9.786,9.826,9.867,9.907,9.948,9.989,10.029,10.070,10.111, 29 10.151,10.192,10.233,10.274,10.315,10.355,10.396,10.437,10.478,10.519, 30 10.560,10.600,10.641,10.882,10.723,10.764,10.805,10.848,10.887,10.928, 31 10.969,11.010,11.051,11.093,11.134,11.175,11.216,11.257,11.298,11.339, 32 11.381,11.422,11.463,11.504,11.545,11.587,11.628,11.669,11.711,11.752, 33 11.793,11.835,11.876,11.918,11.959,12.000,12.042,12.083,12.125,12.166] 34 mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 添加这条可以让图形显示中文 35 plt.plot(xTemp, yK, 'r-', color='#4169E1', alpha=0.8, linewidth=1) 36 plt.xlabel('温度[℃]') 37 plt.ylabel('电压值[mV]') 38 plt.title('K型热电偶 温度-热电势曲线') 39 plt.show() 40
得到如下曲线，不能说是线性度很好吧，可以说就是线性的！只有偶尔几个点有波动，所以大可以直接用斜率计算温度。
常用热电偶的拟合多项式系数，对应温度计算公式为：T=A0*U^0+A1*U^1+...+Ai*U^i；其中U为测得的电动势（V），T为热电偶两端的温度（℃）。
1.2冷端补偿
上面的K型热电偶分度表的冷端温度是以0℃为参考的，在室温下直接用这个办法肯定是不行的，那么可以去看看中间温度定律，中间温度定律解决了这个问题，唯一的缺陷就是，最好是室温变化小，并且已知室温。室温可以使用一路ADC+NTC热敏电阻采集到。
来自百度百科 中间温度定律