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  • python练手习题

    不断记录python常见习题,不断寻求更多更好的解决办法。持续更新中.....

    练习:

    1. list两两元素交换位置,如[1,2,3,4,5,6] 执行后为 -> [2,1,4,3,6,5]

    第一种实现方式,比较原始:

        l = [1,2,3,4]
        l1 = l[::2]
        l2 = l[1::2]
        print l1
        print l2
        c = [ ]
        for i in range( max ( len(l1), len(l2) ) ):
            print i
            if l2:
                c.append(l2[i])
            if l1:
                c.append(l1[i])
        print c

    2. 打乱有序序列l

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    
    from random import shuffle
    l = list(range(10))
    shuffle(l)
    print l

    3. 一个支持各种操作符的类

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    import math
    import itertools
    
    
    class Vector(object):
        typecode = 'd'
    
        def __init__(self, components):
            self._components = [float(i) for i in components]
    
        def __repr__(self):
            return 'Vector({})'.format(list(self._components))
    
        def __str__(self):
            return str(tuple(self))
    
        def __len__(self):
            return len(self._components)
    
        def __getitem__(self, item):
            return self._components[item]
    
        def __getattr__(self, item):
            cls = type(self)
    
        def __iter__(self):
            return iter(self._components)
    
        def __eq__(self, other):
            return tuple(self) == tuple(other)
    
        def __abs__(self):
            return math.sqrt(sum(x * x for x in self))
    
        def __neg__(self):
            return Vector(-x for x in self)
    
        def __pos__(self):
            return Vector(x for x in self)
    
        def __add__(self, other):
            pairs = itertools.izip_longest(self, other, fillvalue=0.0)
            return Vector(a + b for a, b in pairs)
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        vector2 = Vector(range(5))
        print vector2 == range(5)
        print abs(vector2)
        print str(vector2)
        print repr(vector2)
        print -vector2
        print +vector2
        print vector2+Vector(range(2))

    4. 列表操作,属于列表内部的重新组合

    """
    给定一个字符串列表`strlist`和整数`k`。
    请编写函数`func`,它返回字符串列表中`k`个相邻字符串中最长的第一个。

    示例:
    func(["this", "is", "an", "example"], 1) --> "example"
    func(["this", "is", "another", "example"], 1) --> "another"
    func(["this", "is", "another", "example"], 2) --> "anotherexample"

    假设字符串列表的长度为`n`,如果`n = 0`或`k > n`或`k <= 0`则返回空字符串。

    示例:
    func([], 1) --> ""
    func(["this", "is", "an", "example"], 5) --> ""
    func(["this", "is", "an", "example"], 0) --> ""
    """
    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    
    def func(strlist, k):
        if strlist == [] or len(strlist) < k:
    return ''
    new_list = [strlist[num:num + k] for num in range(len(strlist) - k + 1)]
    l = [''.join(n) for n in new_list]
    l_num = [len(nu) for nu in l]
    return l[l_num.index(max(l_num))]
     

     5. 列表操作,属于从一个list中抽取所有特性的子list。

    """
    给定一个仅包含整数,且按照大小顺序排好序的列表,列表内不存在重复的整数。
    实现一个函数,将列表格式化为由`,`(逗号)分隔的字符串;如果相邻的整数(至少3个)是
    连续的(值相差1为连续),则将这几个相邻的整数格式化为由`-`(减号)分隔、左右分别为
    起始和终止位整数的字符串。

    示例:
    func([-6,-3,-2,-1,0,1,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,14,15,17,18,19,20]) --> '-6,-3-1,3-5,7-11,14,15,17-20'
    func([-3,-2,-1,2,10,15,16,18,19,20]) --> '-3--1,2,10,15,16,18-20'

    特殊情况示例:
    func([]) --> ''
    """
    def func(args):
        if len(args) == 0:
            return ''
        li = []
        flag = 0
        args_index = 0
        while args_index < len(args):
            args_index_value = args[args_index]
            if args_index+1 == len(args):
                li.append(str(args_index_value))
                break
            for args_back_value in args[args_index+1:]:
                if args_index_value-args_back_value+flag == -1:
                    flag += 1
                else:
                    if flag >= 2:
                        args_index += flag
                        li.append(str(args_index_value)+'-'+str(args[args_index]))
                    else:   
                        li.append(str(args_index_value))
                    flag = 0
                    args_index += 1
                    break
        return ','.join(li)

     6. 合并两个有序列表

    list_1 = [1,2,3,4]
    list_2 = [3,5,7,8]
    list_merge = list_1 + list_2
    print sorted(list_merge)

    7. 获取list的交集、差集、并集等,思路先把list转换成集合,集合操作后转换回list

    list_1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
    list_2 = [3, 5, 7, 8]
    print list(set(list_1) & set(list_2))
    print list(set(list_1)|set(list_2))
    print list(set(list_1) - set(list_2))

     8. tuple与list之间的互相转换

    tp = ('a', 'b', 'c')
    li = ['a', 'b', 'c']
    print list(tp)
    print tuple(li)

     9. 

    """
    你控制着你的游戏角色在地图上行走,每走一步都会消耗1点体力。
    编写一个函数为你的角色规划行进路线,在不改变原有行进顺序的情况下,用最节省体力的方式到达目的地。

    示例:

    func(["NORTH", "SOUTH", "EAST"]) --> ["EAST"]
    向"NORTH"行进后立即向"SOUTH"行进,"NORTH"和"SOUTH"是相反的方向,所以["NORTH", "SOUTH"]是可以减省掉的。

    func(["EAST", "WEST", "WEST", "WEST"]) --> ["WEST", "WEST"]
    向"EAST"行进后立即向"WEST"行进,"EAST"和"WEST"是相反的方向,所以["EAST", "WEST"]是可以减省掉的。

    特殊情况说明:

    func(["NORTH", "WEST", "EAST", "SOUTH"]) --> func(["NORTH", "SOUTH"]) --> []
    ["WEST", "EAST"]减省掉后,行进路线变成了["NORTH", "SOUTH"],可以进一步减省掉。

    func(["NORTH", "WEST", "SOUTH", "EAST"]) --> ["NORTH", "WEST", "SOUTH", "EAST"]
    ["NORTH", "WEST"], ["WEST", "SOUTH"], ["SOUTH", "EAST"]任意两组相邻的方向,都不是相反的方向,所以不能减省掉。
    """
    def func(directions):
        tmp = ''
        for index, li in enumerate(directions):
            if tmp == '':
                tmp = li
            else:
                if tmp == 'NORTH' and li == 'SOUTH' or tmp == 'SOUTH' and li == 'NORTH' or 
                                        tmp == 'EAST' and li == 'WEST' or tmp == 'WEST' and li == 'EAST':
                    tmp = ''
                    directions = func(directions[:index - 1] + directions[index + 1:])
                else:
                    tmp = li
        return directions

    10 正则相关

    """
    请实现一个函数来对目标字符串进行校验,使其满足以下全部条件:

    * 不少于6个字符
    * 包含至少一个小写字母
    * 包含至少一个大写字母
    * 包含至少一个数字
    * 只能包含大小写字母和数字

    示例:
    func("12ABcd") --> True
    func("12ABc") --> False
    func("12ABCD") --> False
    func("12abcd") --> False
    func("ABCdef") --> False
    func("12AB cd") --> False
    """
    import re
    
    def func(string):
        if len(string)< 6:
            return False
        if not string.isalnum():
            return False
        if string.isdigit():
            return False
        if string.isalpha():
            return False
        if len(re.findall(r'd+', string)) == 0 :
            return False
        if not re.match(r'(?=.*[a-z])', string):
            return False
        if not re.match(r'(?=.*[A-Z])', string):
            return False
        return True

     11. 有一个长度是101的数组,存在1~100的数字,有一个是重复的,找出重复出来

        import random
        l = list(range(100))
        random.shuffle(l)
        random_num = random.randint(0, 99)
        l.insert(random_num, random_num)
        print([num for num in l if l.count(num) == 2])
        print([(index, num) for index, num in enumerate(l) if l.count(num) == 2])
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/caoyi/p/9977203.html
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