程序员的SQL金典

use test;
create table T_Person
(
    FName varchar(20),
    FAge int
)
create table T_Studnet
(
    FNumber varchar(20) not null,
    FName varchar(20) not null,
    FAge int not null,
    FFavorite varchar(20),
    FPhoneNumber varchar(20)
)

create table T_Teacher
(
    FNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FAge int,
    FISMaster varchar(5) default 'NO'
)
create table T_Bus
(
    FNumber varchar(20),
    FDriverName varchar(20),
    FUsedYears int,
    primary key(FNumber)
)

create table T_PersonalMember
(
    FCompanyName varchar(20),
    FInternalNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    primary key(FCompanyName, FInternalNumber)
)

create table T_Department
(
    FId varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FLevel int,
    primary key(FId)
);
create table T_Employee
(
    FNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FDepartmentId varchar(20),
    foreign key(FDepartmentId) references T_Department(FId)
)

alter table T_Person add FFavorite varchar(20)

alter table T_Person drop column FAge

drop table T_Person

drop table T_Department

 第三章 数据的增删改

create table T_Person
(
    FName varchar(20),
    FAge int,
    FRemark varchar(20),
    primary key(FName)
);
create table T_Debt
(
    FNumber varchar(20),
    FAmount numeric(10,2) not null,
    FPerson varchar(20),
    primary key(FNumber),
    foreign key(FPerson) references T_Person(FName)
)

insert into T_Person(FName, FAge, FRemark) values('Tom',18,'USA')

select * from T_Person

insert into T_Person(FName, FAge, FRemark) values('Jim',20,'USA');
insert into T_Person(FName, FAge, FRemark) values('Lili',22,'China');
insert into T_Person(FName, FAge, FRemark) values('XiaoWang',17,'China');

insert into T_Person(FAge, FName, FRemark) values(21, 'Kimisushi', 'Korea')

insert into T_Person(FAge, FName) values(22, 'LXF')

insert into T_Person values('lurenl', 23, 'China')

--非空约束，插入失败
insert into T_Debt(FNumber, FPerson) values('1', 'Jim')

insert into T_Debt(FNumber, FAmount, FPerson) values('1',200, 'Jim')

select * from T_Debt

--主键约束
insert into T_Debt(FNumber, FAmount, FPerson) values('1', 300, 'Jim')

insert into T_Debt(FNumber, FAmount, FPerson) values('2', 300, 'Jim')

--外键约束
insert into T_Debt(FNumber, FAmount, FPerson) values('3', 100, 'Jerry')
insert into T_Debt(FNumber, FAmount, FPerson) values('3', 100, 'Tom')

update T_Person set FRemark = 'SuperMan'

select * from T_Person

update T_Person set FRemark = 'Sonic', FAge = 25

update T_Person set FAge = 12 where FName = 'Tom'

update T_Person set FRemark = 'BlaBla' where FAge = 25

update T_Person set FAge = 22 where FName = 'jim' or FName = 'LXF'

update T_Debt set FAmount = null where FPerson='Tom'

update T_Debt set FAmount = 123 where FPerson = 'Tom'

select * from T_Debt

update T_Debt set FNumber = '2' where FPerson =  'Tom'

update T_Debt set FNumber = '8' where FPerson = 'Tom'

update T_Debt set FPerson = 'Merry' where FNumber = '1'

update T_Debt set FPerson = 'Lili' where FNumber = '1'

delete from T_Debt;
delete from T_Person

insert into T_Person
    (FName, FAge, FRemark) 
values
    ('Jim', 20, 'USA'),
    ('Lili', 22, 'China'),
    ('XiaoWang', 17, 'China')

insert into T_Person
    (FName, FAge, FRemark) 
values
    ('Sam', 16, 'China'),
    ('BlueFin', 12, 'Mars')

select * from T_Person

delete from T_Person where FAge > 20 or FRemark = 'Mars'

drop table T_Debt;
drop table T_Person

 第三章 数据的检索

create table T_Employee
(
    FNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FAge int,
    FSalary numeric(10,2),
    primary key(FNumber)
);
insert into T_Employee(FNumber, FName, FAge, FSalary)
values
    ('DEV001', 'Tom', 25, 8300),
    ('DEV002', 'Jerry', 38, 2300.80),
    ('SALES001', 'John', 23, 5000),
    ('SALES002', 'Kerry', 28, 6200),
    ('SALES003', 'Stone', 22, 1200),
    ('HR001', 'Jane', 23, 2200.88),
    ('HR002', 'Tina', 25, 5200.36),
    ('IT001', 'Smith', 28, 3900);

select * from T_Employee

select FNumber from T_Employee

select FName, FAge from T_Employee

select FNumber, FName, FAge, FSalary from T_Employee

select FNumber as Number1, FName as Name, FAge as Age, FSalary as Salary from T_Employee

select FNumber 工号, FName 姓名, FAge 年龄, FSalary 工资 from T_Employee

select FName from T_Employee where FSalary < 5000

select * from T_Employee where FSalary < 5000 and FAge > 25

select max(FSalary) as MAX_SALARY from T_Employee where FAge > 25

select AVG(FAge) from T_Employee where FSalary > 3800

select sum(FSalary) from T_Employee

select min(FSalary), max(FSalary) from T_Employee

select count(*), count(FNumber) from T_Employee

insert into T_Employee(FNumber, FAge, FSalary)
values('IT002', 27, 2800)

select count(*), count(FNumber), count(FName) from T_Employee

select * from T_Employee order by FAge asc

select * from T_Employee order by FAge desc, FSalary desc

select * from T_Employee where FName like '_erry'

select * from T_Employee where FName like '__n_'

select * from T_Employee where FName like 'T%'

select * from T_Employee where FName like '%n%'

select * from T_Employee where FName like '%n_'

--集合匹配，微软特有的
select * from T_Employee where FName like '[SJ]%'
--^可以对集合取反
select * from T_Employee where FName like '[^SJ]%'
--其它数据库也可以变通实现
select * from T_Employee where FName like 'S%' or FName like 'J%'

select * from T_Employee where not(FName like 'S%') and not(FName like 'J%')

--错误 select * from T_Employee where FName = null
select * from T_Employee where FName is null

select * from T_Employee where FName is not null and FSalary < 5000

--反义运算符
select * from T_Employee where FAge !=22 and FSalary !< 2000
select * from T_Employee where FAge <> 22 and FSalary >= 2000
select * from T_Employee where not(FAge =22) and not(FSalary < 2000)
--除了不等于<>，推荐使用NOT运算符来表示“非”的语义（或者<=,>=)

select FAge, FNumber, FName from T_Employee 
where FAge = 23 or FAge = 25 or FAge = 28

--多值检测：离散值和范围值
select FAge, FNumber, FName from T_Employee
where FAge in(23, 25, 28)

select FAge,FNumber, FName from T_Employee
where FAge >=23 and FAge <=27
--优先使用between...and...数据库系统对其进行了查询优化
select FAge, FNumber, FName from T_Employee
where FAge between 23 and 27

select * from T_Employee where
    (FSalary between 2000 and 3000) or (FSalary between 5000 and 8000)

alter table T_Employee add FSubCompany varchar(20), FDepartment varchar(20)

update T_Employee set FSubCompany='Beijing',FDepartment='Development' where FNumber='DEV001';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='ShenZhen',FDepartment='Development' where FNumber='DEV002';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='Beijing',FDepartment='HumanResource' where FNumber='HR001';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='Beijing',FDepartment='HumanResource' where FNumber='HR002';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='Beijing',FDepartment='InfoTech' where FNumber='IT001';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='ShenZhen',FDepartment='InfoTech' where FNumber='IT002';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='Beijing',FDepartment='Sales' where FNumber='SALES001';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='Beijing',FDepartment='Sales' where FNumber='SALES002';
update T_Employee set FSubCompany='ShenZhen',FDepartment='Sales' where FNumber='SALES003';

select FAge from T_Employee group by FAge

select FSubCompany, FDepartment from T_Employee
Group by FSubCompany, FDepartment

select FAge, count(*) as CountOfThisAge from T_Employee
group by FAge

select FSubCompany, FAge, count(*) as CountOfThisSubCompAge
from T_Employee group by FSubCompany, FAge order by FSubCompany

select FSubCompany, sum(FSalary) as FSalarySUM from T_Employee
group by FSubCompany

select FDepartment, sum(FSalary) as FSalarySUM from T_Employee
group by FDepartment

select * from T_Employee

select FDepartment, min(FAge) as FAgeMIN, max(FAge) as FAgeMAX from
T_Employee group by FDepartment

select FAge, count(*) as CountOfThisAge from T_Employee
group by FAge having count(*) > 1

update T_Employee set FAge = 28 where FName = 'Jerry'

select FAge, count(*) as CountOfThisAge from T_Employee
group by FAge having count(*) = 1 or count(*) = 3

select FAge, count(*) as CountOfThisAge from T_Employee
group by FAge having count(*) in (1,3)

--以下错误
select FAge, count(*) as CountOfThisAge from T_Employee
group by FAge having FName is not null

select FAge, count(*) as CountOFThisAge from T_Employee
where FName is not null group by FAge
--sql server2000时的数据分页
select top 3 * from T_Employee where FNumber not in(
    select top 5 FNumber from T_Employee order by FSalary desc)
order by FSalary desc

select row_number()  over(order by FSalary desc), FNumber, FName,
FSalary, FAge from T_Employee
--利用窗口函数分页
select * from(
    select row_number() over(order by FSalary desc) as rownum, FNumber, FName, FSalary, FAge from T_Employee) as a
where a.rownum >= 3 and a.rownum <=5

select distinct FDepartment , FSubCompany from T_Employee

select 'CowNew集团' as CompanyName, 918000000 as RegAmount, FName, FAge, FSubCompany from T_Employee

select FNumber, FName, FAge * FSalary as FSalaryIndex from T_Employee

select 125+521, FNumber, FName, FSalary/(FAge-21) as FHappyIndex from T_Employee

select * from T_Employee where FSalary/(FAge-21)>1000

select FName, Len(Fname) as nameLength from T_Employee where FName is not null

select FName, substring(FName,2,3) from T_Employee where FName is not null

select FName, FAge, sin(FAge), abs(sin(FAge)) from T_Employee

select '工号为'+FNumber+'的员工姓名为'+FName from T_Employee where FName is not null

select * from T_Employee where FSalary between FAge*1.5+2000 and FAge*1.8+5000

select max(FSalary/FAge) as maxValue, min(FSalary/FAge) as minValue from T_Employee

update T_Employee set FAge = FAge+1

select len('abc'),1,2

create table T_TempEmployee
(
    FidCardNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FAge numeric(10),
    primary key(FidCardNumber)
)

insert into T_TempEmployee(FidCardNumber, FName, FAge)
values
    ('1234567890121', 'Sarani', 33),
    ('1234567890122', 'Tom', 26),
    ('1234567890123', 'Yalaha', 38),
    ('1234567890124', 'Tina', 26),
    ('1234567890125', 'Konkaya', 29),
    ('1234567890126', 'Fotifa', 46)

select * from T_TempEmployee

select FNumber, FName, FAge,FDepartment from T_Employee
union all
select FidCardNumber, FName, FAge,'临时工' from T_TempEmployee

select FName, FAge from T_Employee
union
select FName, FAge from T_TempEmployee

select '正式员工最高年龄',max(FAge) from T_Employee
union all
select '正式员工最低年龄',min(FAge) from T_Employee
union all
select '临时员工最高年龄',max(FAge) from T_TempEmployee
union all
select '临时员工最低年龄',min(FAge) from T_TempEmployee

select FNumber, FSalary from T_Employee
union all
select '工资合计', sum(FSalary) from T_Employee

select 1, 1*1
union all
select 2, 2*2
union all
select 3, 3*3

select '正式员工姓名'
union all
select FName from T_Employee
union all
select '临时工的姓名'
union all
select FName from T_TempEmployee

drop table T_Employee
drop table T_TempEmployee

 第5章 函数

create table T_Person
(
    FIdNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FBirthday datetime,
    FRegDay datetime,
    FWeight numeric(10,2)
)

insert into T_Person(FIdNumber, FName, FBirthday, FRegDay, FWeight)
values
    ('123456789120', 'Tom', '1981-03-22', '1998-05-01', 56.67),
    ('123456789121', 'Jim', '1987-01-18', '1999-08-21', 36.17),
    ('123456789122', 'Lily', '1987-11-08', '2001-09-18', 40.33),
    ('123456789123', 'Kelly', '1982-07-12', '2000-03-01', 46.23),
    ('123456789124', 'Sam', '1983-02-16', '1998-05-01', 48.68),
    ('123456789125', 'Kerry', '1984-08-07', '1999-03-01', 66.67),
    ('123456789126', 'Smith', '1980-01-09', '2002-09-23', 51.28),
    ('123456789127', 'BillGetes', '1972-07-18', '1995-06-19', 60.32)

select * from T_Person
--绝对值
select FWeight - 50, abs(FWeight - 50), abs(-5.38) from T_Person
--指数
select FWeight, power(FWeight, 1), power(FWeight,2), power(FWeight,3),
    power(FWeight,4) from T_Person
--平方根
select FWeight, sqrt(FWeight) from T_Person
--随机数,参数种子可选，如果指定，则返回确定的随机值
select rand(1);
--舍入到最大整数
select FName, FWeight, ceiling(FWeight), ceiling(FWeight*-1) from T_Person

--舍入到最小整数
select FName, FWeight, floor(FWeight), floor(FWeight*-1) from T_Person
--四舍五入，第2个参数是精度，正数舍入，负数截断
select FName, FWeight, round(FWeight,1), round(FWeight*-1,0), round(FWeight,-1) from T_Person
--第3个参数默认是0，代表舍入，非0代表截断
select round(150.75,0,1)

--圆周率
select pi()

--求符号
select FName, FWeight-48.68, sign(FWeight-48.68) from T_Person
--求整除余数
select FName, FWeight, FWeight%5 from T_Person

--求幂
select FName, FWeight, power(1.18,FWeight) from T_Person

--字符串函数
select FName, len(FName) from T_Person

select FName, lower(FName), upper(FName) from T_Person

select FName, ltrim('       abc'), rtrim(FName) from T_Person

select substring('abcdef111',2,3)

select substring(FName, 2,3) from T_Person

--查子串的位置
select FName, charindex('m',FName), charindex('ly',FName) from T_Person

select FName, left(FName,3), left(FName,2) from T_Person

select FName, right(FName,3), right(FName,2) from T_Person

select FName, replace(FName,'i','e'),FIDNumber, replace(FIDNumber,'2345','abcd') from T_Person

select FName, replace(FName,'m',''), FIDNumber, replace(FIDNumber,'123','') from T_Person

select replace(' abc 123 wpf',' ',''),replace(' ccw enet wcff',' ','')

select ascii('a'), ascii('abc')

select FName, left(FName,1), ascii(left(FName,1)), ascii(FName) from T_Person

select char(56), char(90), 'a', char(ascii('a'))

select FWeight,ceiling(FWeight), char(ceiling(FWeight)) from T_Person

select soundex('jack'), soundex('jeck'),soundex('joke'),soundex('juke'),soundex('look'),soundex('jobe')

select difference('smith','smythe')

select getdate() as 当前日期时间

select convert(varchar(50), getdate(), 101) as 当前日期

select convert(varchar(50), getdate(), 108) as 当前时间

select FBirthday, dateadd(year, 3, FBirthday) as threeYearsLater,
    dateadd(quarter, 20, FBirthday) as [20QuartersLater],
    dateadd(month, 68, FBirthday) as [68MonthsLater],
    dateadd(week, -1000, FBirthday) as [1000WeeksBefor] from T_Person

SELECT DATEADD(month, 1, '2006-08-30');

SELECT DATEADD(month, 1, '2006-08-31');

select FRegDay, FBirthday, datediff(week, FBirthday, FRegDay) from T_Person
select FRegDay, FBirthday, datediff(year, FBirthday, FRegDay) from T_Person

select FBirthday, datename(weekday, FBirthday) as 出生日期是周几, FRegDay, datename(weekday,FRegDay) as 注册日期是周几 from T_Person

select FBirthday, datename(year,FBirthday) as 年,
    datename(dayofyear, FBirthday) as 日,
    datename(week, FBirthday) as 周
from T_Person

select FBirthday, datepart(dayofyear, FBirthday), FRegDay, datepart(year, FRegDay) from T_Person

select cast('-30' as int) as i,
convert(decimal, '3.1415926') as d,
convert(datetime,'2008-08-08 08:09:10') as dt

select FIdNumber,
    right(FIdNumber,3) as 后3位,
    cast(right(FIdNumber,3) as integer) as 后3位的整数形式,
    cast(right(FIdNumber, 3) as int)+1 as 后3位加1,
    convert(int,right(FIdNumber,3))/2 as 后3位除以2 from T_Person

update T_Person set FBirthday=null where FName = 'Kerry';
update T_Person set FBirthday=null,FRegDay=null where FName ='Smith';
select * from T_Person

select FName, FBirthday, FRegDay, coalesce(FBirthday,FRegDay,'2008-08-08') as ImportDay from T_Person

select FBirthday, FRegDay, isnull(FBirthday, FRegDay) as ImportDay from T_Person

select FBirthday, FRegDay, nullif(FBirthday, FRegDay) from T_Person

select FName, (case FName when 'Tom' then 'GoodBoy'
                      when 'Lily' then 'GoodGirl'
                      when 'Sam' then 'BadBoy'
                      when 'Kerry' then 'BadGirl'
                      else 'Normal'
                      end) as isGood
from T_Person

select FName, FWeight, (case when FWeight<40 then 'thin'
                                          when FWeight > 50 then 'fat'
                                          else 'ok' end) as isNormal
from T_Person

--独有函数pattern index 意思模式，图案，样品
select FName, patindex('%_m%',FName) from T_Person

insert into T_Person (FName) values('whatm')

select FName, FWeight, cast(FWeight/20 as int), replicate(FName, cast(FWeight/20 as int)) from T_Person

select FName, reverse(FName) from T_Person

select isdate(null) as d1,
    isdate('13/43/3425') as d2,
    isdate('1995-10-1a') as d3,
    isdate(19920808) as d4,
    isdate('1/23/95') as d5,
    isdate('1995-10-1') as d6,
    isdate('19920808') as d7,
    isdate(' Abc') as d8

select isnumeric(null) as d1,
    isnumeric('13/43/3425') as d2,
    isnumeric('30a.8') as d3,
    isnumeric(19920808) as d4,
    isnumeric('1/23/95') as d5,
    isnumeric('3E-3') as d6,
    isnumeric('19920808') as d7,
    isnumeric('-30.3') as d8

select app_name() as appName, current_user as cu, host_name() as hostName

select newid() as id1, newid() as id2

 第6章 索引

--索引
create table T_Person(FNumber varchar(20), FName varchar(20), FAge int)
create index idx_person_name on T_Person(FName)
select * from T_Person
create index idx_person_nameAge on T_Person(FName, FAge)

drop index T_Person.idx_person_name;
drop index T_Person.idx_person_nameAge

drop table T_Person
--非空约束
create table T_Person
(FNumber varchar(20) not null,
FName varchar(20),
FAge int)

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FName, FAge) values(null, 'kingchou',20)

insert into T_Person (FNumber, FName, FAge) values('1', 'kingchou', 20)    

update T_Person set FNumber = null

drop table T_Person
--唯一约束
create table T_Person(FNumber varchar(20) unique,
    FName varchar(20), FAge int)

insert into T_Person(FNumber,FName,FAge)
values('2','stef',22);

insert into T_Person(FNumber,FName,FAge) values('2','kitty',20)

drop table T_Person

create table T_Person (FNumber varchar(20),
FDepartmentNumber varchar(20),
FName varchar(20),
FAge int,
constraint uni_dep_num unique(FNumber,FDepartmentNumber))

insert into T_Person (FNumber, FDepartmentNumber, FName, FAge)
values('1','dev001','kingchou',20),
        ('2','dev001','afka',20),
        ('1','sales001','slfd',20),
        ('2','sales001','slfkd',20)

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FDepartmentNumber, FName, FAge)
values('2','sales001','dialdskf',30)

drop table T_Person

create table T_Person(FNumber varchar(20),
    FDepartmentNumber varchar(20),
    FName varchar(20),
    FAge int,
    constraint unic_1 unique(FNumber, FDepartmentNumber),
    constraint unic_2 unique(FNumber, FDepartmentNumber))

alter table T_Person add constraint unic_3 unique(FName, FAge)

alter table T_Person drop constraint unic_1,unic_2,unic_3

drop table T_Person

--check约束
create table T_Person
(FNumber varchar(20),
FName varchar(20),
Fage int check(FAge>0),
FWorkYear int check(FWorkYear>0))

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FName, FAge,FWorkYear)
values('001','john',25,-3)

drop table T_Person

create table T_Person(
FNumber varchar(20) check(len(FNumber)>12),
FName varchar(20),
FAge int check(FAge>0),
FWorkYear int check(FWorkYear>0))

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FName, FAge, FWorkYear)
values('001', 'John', 25,3)

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FName, FAge,FWorkYear)
values('1234567890123','John',25,3)

drop table T_Person

--错误用法
create table T_Person(
FNumber varchar(20),
FName varchar(20),
FAge int,
FWorkYear int check(FWorkYear<FAge))

--正确用法
create table T_Person(
FNumber varchar(20),
FName varchar(20),
FAge int,
FWorkYear int,
constraint ck_1 check(FWorkYear<FAge))

insert into T_Person (FNumber, FName, FAge, FWorkYear)
values('001', 'John', 25, 30)

alter table T_Person add constraint ck_2 check(Fage>14)

alter table T_Person drop constraint ck_2;

drop table T_Person

create table T_Person (FNumber varchar(20) primary key,
FName varchar(20), FAge int)

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FName, FAge)
values('1', 'kingchou', 20),
         ('2', 'stef', 22),
         ('3', 'long', 26),
         ('4', 'yangzk', 27)

insert into T_Person(FNumber, FName, FAge)
values('3', 'sunny', 22)

drop table T_Person

create table T_Person(FNumber varchar(20),
FName varchar(20), FAge int,
constraint pk_1 primary key(FNumber, FName))

create table T_Person(FNumber varchar(20) not null,
FName varchar(20) not null, FAge int)

alter table T_Person add constraint pk_1 primary key(FNumber, FName)

alter table T_Person drop constraint pk_1

drop table T_Person

create table T_Author
(FId varchar(20) primary key,
FName varchar(100),
FAge int,
FE_mail varchar(20)
)

create table T_Book
(
    FId varchar(20) primary key,
    FName varchar(100),
    FPageCount int,
    FAuthorId varchar(20)
)

insert into T_Author(FId, FName, FAge, FE_mail)
values('1', 'lily', 20, 'lily@cownew.com');

insert into T_Book(FId, FName, FPageCount, FAuthorId)
values('1', 'About Jave', 300, '1');

insert into T_Book(FId, FName, FPageCount, FAuthorId)
values('9', 'About WinCE', 320, '9')

select * from T_Book

drop table T_Author, T_Book

create table T_Author
(FId varchar(20) primary key,
FName varchar(100),
FAge int,
FE_mail varchar(20)
);
create table T_Book
(FId varchar(20) primary key,
FName varchar(100),
FPageCount int,
FAuthorId varchar(20),
foreign key(FAuthorId) references T_Author(FId)
)

insert into T_Book(FId,FName, FPageCount, FAuthorId)
values('9', 'About WinCE', 320, '9')

insert into T_Book(FId, FName, FPageCount, FAuthorId)
values('9', 'About Java', 300, '1')

select * from T_Author, T_Book

delete from T_Author where FName = 'lily'

delete from T_Book where FAuthorId = '1'

alter table T_Book
add constraint fk_book_author
foreign key(FAuthorId) references T_Author(FId)

alter table T_Book
drop constraint FK__T_Book__FAuthorI__5535A963

drop table T_Book, T_Author

 第7章 表连接

create table T_Customer(
    FId int not null,
    FName varchar(20) not null,
    FAge int,
    primary key(FId));
create table T_OrderType(
    FId int not null,
    FName varchar(20) not null,
    primary key(FId));
create table T_Order(
    FId int not null,
    FNumber varchar(20) not null,
    FPrice numeric(10,2),
    FCustomerId int,
    FTypeId int,
    primary key(FId));

insert into T_Customer(FId, FName, FAge)
values(1,'Tom',21),
         (2,'Mike',24),
         (3,'Jack',30),
         (4,'Tom',25),
         (5,'Linda',null);
insert into T_OrderType(FId, FName)
values(1,'MarketOrder'),
         (2,'LimitOrder'),
         (3,'Stop Order'),
         (4,'StopLimit Order');
insert into T_Order(FId, FNumber, Fprice, FCustomerId, FTypeId)
values(1,'K001',100,1,1),
         (2,'K002',200,1,1),
         (3,'T003',300,1,2),
         (4,'N002',100,2,2),
         (5,'N003',500,3,4),
         (6,'T001',300,4,3),
         (7,'T002',100,null,1)

select * from T_Customer
select * from T_OrderType
select * from T_Order

select FNumber, FPrice from T_Order inner join T_Customer
on FCustomerId = T_Customer.FId where T_Customer.FName = 'Tom'
--列名不明确，俩表都有该字段
select FNumber, FPrice from T_Order inner join T_Customer
on FCustomerId = FId where T_Customer.FName = 'Tom'

select FId, FNumber, FPrice from T_Order inner join T_Customer
on FCustomerId = T_Customer.FId where T_Customer.FName = 'Tom'

select T_Order.FId, FNumber, FPrice from T_Order inner join T_Customer
on FCustomerId = T_Customer.FId where T_Customer.FName = 'Tom'

select o.FNumber, o.FPrice,c.FName,ot.FName
from T_Order o join T_Customer c
on o.FCustomerId = c.FId
join T_OrderType ot on o.FTypeId = ot.FId

select o.FNumber, o.FPrice, c.FName, c.FAge
from T_Order o join T_Customer c
on o.FPrice < c.FAge * 5 and o.FCustomerId = c.FId

select c.FId, c.FName, c.FAge, o.FId, o.FNumber, o.FPrice
from T_Customer c, T_Order o

select c.FId, c.FName, c.FAge, o.FId, o.FNumber, o.FPrice
from T_Customer c cross join T_Order o

select * from T_Order
select FNumber,FPrice,FTypeId from T_Order where FTypeId = FTypeId

select o1.FNumber, o1.FPrice, o1.FtypeId,
    o2.FNumber, o2.FPrice, o2.FTypeId from T_Order o1 inner join T_Order o2 on
o1.FTypeId = o2.FTypeId and o1.FId <>o2.FId

--正确的自连接
select o1.FNumber, o1.FPrice, o1.FtypeId,
    o2.FNumber, o2.FPrice, o2.FTypeId from T_Order o1 inner join T_Order o2 on
o1.FTypeId = o2.FTypeId and o1.FId < o2.FId

select o.FNumber,o.FPrice,o.FCustomerId,c.FName,c.FAge
from T_Order o left outer join T_Customer c on o.FCustomerId = c.FId

select o.FNumber, o.FPrice, o.FCustomerId,
    c.FName, c.FAge
from T_Order o left outer join T_Customer c
on o.FCustomerId = c.FId
where o.FPrice >= 150

select o.FNumber,o.FPrice, o.FCustomerId,c.FName,c.FAge
from T_Order o right outer join T_Customer c
on o.FCustomerId = c.FId

select o.FNumber, o.FPrice, o.FCustomerId, c.FName, c.FAge
from T_Order o full outer join T_Customer c
on o.FCustomerId = c.FId

drop table T_Order
drop table T_OrderType
drop table T_Customer

 第8章 子查询

select * from T_Reader
select * from T_Book
select * from T_Category

select * from T_ReaderFavorite
--单值子查询
select 1 as f1, 2, (select min(FYearPublished) from T_Book), (select
max(FYearPublished) from T_Book) as f4

select 1 as f1, 2,(select FYearPublished from T_Book)

select 1 as f1, 2, (select max(FYearPublished), min(FYearPublished) from T_Book)

select 1 as f1, 2, (select FYearPublished from T_Book where FYearPublished < 2000)

select 1 as f1, 2, (select FYearPublished from T_Book where FYearPublished < 1750)

--列值子查询
select T_Reader.FName, t2.FYearPublished, t2.FName from T_Reader,
    (select * from T_Book where FYearPublished < 1800) t2

select T_Reader.FName, t2.FYear, t2.FName, t2.F3
from T_Reader,(select FYearPublished as FYear,FName,1+2 as F3 from 
T_Book where FYearPublished < 1800) t2

--select列表中的标量子查询
select FId, FName, (select max(FYearPublished) from T_Book where T_Book.FcategoryId
    = T_Category.FId) from T_Category

select FId, FName,(select max(FYearPublished) from T_Book) from T_Category

--where子句中的标量子查询
select FReaderId from T_ReaderFavorite where FCategoryId =(
    select FId from T_Category where FName = 'Story')

select c.FName, b.FName, b.FYearPublished
from T_Category c join T_Book b on C.FId = b.FcategoryId
where b.FYearPublished = (
    select min(FYearPublished)
    from T_Book where T_Book.FCategoryId= c.FId)

--集合运算符与子查询
select * from T_Book where FYearPublished in(2001,2003,2005)

select FYearPublished from T_Book

select * from T_Reader where FYearOfJoin in(
select FYearPublished from T_Book)

select * from T_Reader where FYearOfJoin = any(
select FYearPublished from T_Book)

select * from T_Reader where FYearOfJoin in(
select FYearPublished from T_Book)

select * from T_Book where FYearPublished < any(
    select FYearOfBirth from T_Reader)

select * from T_Book where FYearPublished < all(
    select FYearOfJoin from T_Reader)

select * from T_Book where FYearPublished < all(
    select FYearOfJoin from T_Reader where FProvince = 'JiangSu')

select * from T_Book where exists(
    select * from T_Reader where FProvince = 'ShanDong')

select * from T_Book where exists(
    select * from T_Reader where FProvince = 'YunNan')

select * from T_Category where exists(
    select * from T_Book where T_Book.FCategoryId = T_Category .FId
        and T_Book.FYearPublished < 1950)

--在其它类型SQL语句中的子查询应用
create table T_ReaderFavorite2(FCategoryId int, FReaderId int)

insert into T_ReaderFavorite2(FCategoryId, FReaderId)
select FCategoryId, FReaderId from T_ReaderFavorite

delete from T_ReaderFavorite2

insert into T_ReaderFavorite2(FCategoryId, FReaderId)
select FCategoryId,(
    case
        when FReaderId <=10 then FReaderId
        else FReaderId - FCategoryId end)
from T_ReaderFavorite

drop table T_ReaderFavorite2

insert into T_ReaderFavorite(FCategoryId, FReaderId)
select 1,FId from T_Reader where not exists(
    select * from T_ReaderFavorite where FCategoryId = 1
    and T_Reader.FId = T_ReaderFavorite.FReaderId)

select * from T_ReaderFavorite

update T_Book set FYearPublished = (
    select max(FYearPublished) from T_Book)

update T_Book set FYearPublished = 2005 where(
    select count(*) from T_Book b2
    where T_Book.FCategoryId = b2.FCategoryId) > 3

select * from T_Book

delete from T_Book where(
    select count(*) from T_Book b2 where
    T_Book.FCategoryId = b2.FCategoryId) > 3

drop table T_Book
drop table T_Reader
drop table T_Category
drop table T_ReaderFavorite