APNS推送通知的流程

本文作者为CocoaChina会员“marshluca”，帖子地址 http://www.cocoachina.com/bbs/read.php?tid-20723.html

1. 将app注册notification里面, 并从APNS上获取测试机的deviceToken.

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)];
// other codes here.
return YES;
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
NSLog(@"deviceToken: %@", deviceToken);
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error {
NSLog(@"Error in registration. Error: %@", error);
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{
NSLog(@" 收到推送消息： %@",[[userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"] objectForKey:@"alert"]);
if ([[userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"] objectForKey:@"alert"]!=NULL) {
UIAlertView* alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"推送通知"
message:[[userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"] objectForKey:@"alert"]
delegate:self
cancelButtonTitle:@" 关闭"
otherButtonTitles:@" 更新状态",nil];
[alert show];
[alert release];
}
}

启动程序，将app注册到通知项后，在console里面找到打印的deviceToken：

deviceToken: <6974ac11 870e09fa 00e2238e 8cfafc7d 2052e342 182f5b57 fabca445 42b72e1b>

2. 生成app在服务端需要的许可证
1）进入Provisioning Portal, 下载Certificates在development下的证书。
2）找到需要测试的app id,然后enable它在development下的Apple Push Notification service: Development Push SSL Certificate。需要输入1）中的签名证书才可以生成一个aps_developer_identity.cer.
3) 双击aps_developer_identity.cer，会打开系统的key chain. 在My certificates下找到Apple Development Push Services。需要为certificate和它之下的private key各自export出一个.p12文件。(会出现设置密码过程)
4）需要将上面的2个.p12文件转成.pem格式：

openssl pkcs12 -clcerts -nokeys -out cert.pem -in cert.p12

openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -out key.pem -in key.p12

5）如果需要对 key不进行加密：

openssl rsa -in key.pem -out key.unencrypted.pem

6）然后就可以合并两个.pem文件, 这个ck.pem就是服务端需要的证书了。

cat cert.pem key.unencrypted.pem > ck.pem

3. 服务端push通知到ANPS. 在cocoachina找到了两种方法:
1）php驱动。需要将ck.pem和php脚本放到server 上。全部的php代码是：

<?php
$deviceToken = '6974ac11 870e09fa 00e2238e 8cfafc7d 2052e342 182f5b57 fabca445 42b72e1b';
$pass = '123456'; // Passphrase for the private key (ck.pem file)
// Get the parameters from http get or from command line
$message = $_GET['message'] or $message = $argv[1] or $message = 'A test message from worldcup';
$badge = (int)$_GET['badge'] or $badge = (int)$argv[2];
$sound = $_GET['sound'] or $sound = $argv[3];
// Construct the notification payload
$body = array();
$body['aps'] = array('alert' => $message);
if ($badge)
$body['aps']['badge'] = $badge;
if ($sound)
$body['aps']['sound'] = $sound;
/* End of Configurable Items */
$ctx = stream_context_create();
stream_context_set_option($ctx, 'ssl', 'local_cert', 'ck.pem');
// assume the private key passphase was removed.
stream_context_set_option($ctx, 'ssl', 'passphrase', $pass);
// connect to apns
$fp = stream_socket_client('ssl://gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195', $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx);
if (!$fp) {
print "Failed to connect $err $errstr\n";
return;
}
else {
print "Connection OK\n<br/>";
}
// send message
$payload = json_encode($body);
$msg = chr(0) . pack("n",32) . pack('H*', str_replace(' ', '', $deviceToken)) . pack("n",strlen($payload)) . $payload;
print "Sending message :" . $payload . "\n";
fwrite($fp, $msg);
fclose($fp);
?>

请求一次 http://127.0.0.1/apns/apns.php?message=A%20test%20message%20from%20localhost&badge=2&sound=received5.caf就会向APNS进行一次推送。我的请求结果如下：

Connection OK
Sending message :{"aps":{"alert":"A test message from localhost","badge":2,"sound":"received5.caf"}}

2）pushMeBaby 驱动。将aps_developer_identity.cer导入到project里面，改名为apns.cer。