locks, blocking, dead lock, session, connection and request

-- Listing 8.2 Creating the sample database and table

CREATE DATABASE IWS_Temp
GO

USE IWS_Temp

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[tblCountry](
[CountryId] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[Code] [char](3) NOT NULL,
[Description] [varchar](50) NOT NULL)

-- Listing 8.3 Starting an open transaction

USE IWS_TEMP

BEGIN TRANSACTION

INSERT INTO [dbo].[tblCountry] ([Code], [Description])
VALUES('ENG', 'ENGLAND')

-- Listing 8.4 Selecting data from a table that has an open transaction against it

USE IWS_TEMP

SELECT * FROM [dbo].[tblCountry]

-- Listing 8.5 Observing the current locks

SELECT DB_NAME(resource_database_id) AS DatabaseName, request_session_id
, resource_type, request_status, request_mode
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks
WHERE request_session_id !=@@spid
ORDER BY request_session_id

-- Listing 8.6 Template for handling deadlock retries

DECLARE @CurrentTry INT = 1
DECLARE @MaxRetries INT = 3
DECLARE @Complete BIT = 0

WHILE (@Complete = 0)
BEGIN
BEGIN TRY
EXEC dbo.SomeRoutine
SET @Complete = 1
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
DECLARE @ErrorNum INT
DECLARE @ErrorMessage NVARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE @ErrorState INT
DECLARE @ErrorSeverity INT

SET @ErrorNum = ERROR_NUMBER()
SET @ErrorMessage = ERROR_MESSAGE()
SET @ErrorState = ERROR_STATE()
SET @ErrorSeverity = ERROR_SEVERITY()

IF (@ErrorNum = 1205) AND (@CurrentTry < @MaxRetries)
BEGIN
IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
SET @CurrentTry = @CurrentTry + 1
WAITFOR DELAY '00:00:10'
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
SET @Complete = 1
RAISERROR ('An error has occurred'
, @ErrorSeverity
, @ErrorState)
END
END CATCH
END

-- Listing 8.7 Information contained in sessions, connections, and requests

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT *
FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions s
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections c
ON s.session_id = c.session_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests r
ON c.connection_id = r.connection_id
WHERE s.session_id > 50

-- Listing 8.8 How to discover which locks are currently held

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT DB_NAME(resource_database_id) AS DatabaseName
, request_session_id
, resource_type
, CASE
WHEN resource_type = 'OBJECT'
THEN OBJECT_NAME(resource_associated_entity_id)
WHEN resource_type IN ('KEY', 'PAGE', 'RID')
THEN (SELECT OBJECT_NAME(OBJECT_ID)
FROM sys.partitions p
WHERE p.hobt_id = l.resource_associated_entity_id)
END AS resource_type_name
, request_status
, request_mode
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks l
WHERE request_session_id !=@@spid
ORDER BY request_session_id

-- Listing 8.9 How to identify contended resources

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT
tl1.resource_type,
DB_NAME(tl1.resource_database_id) AS DatabaseName,
tl1.resource_associated_entity_id,
tl1.request_session_id,
tl1.request_mode,
tl1.request_status
, CASE
WHEN tl1.resource_type = 'OBJECT'
THEN OBJECT_NAME(tl1.resource_associated_entity_id)
WHEN tl1.resource_type IN ('KEY', 'PAGE', 'RID')
THEN (SELECT OBJECT_NAME(OBJECT_ID)
FROM sys.partitions s
WHERE s.hobt_id = tl1.resource_associated_entity_id)
END AS resource_type_name
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks as tl1
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_locks as tl2
ON tl1.resource_associated_entity_id = tl2.resource_associated_entity_id
AND tl1.request_status <> tl2.request_status
AND (tl1.resource_description = tl2.resource_description
OR (tl1.resource_description IS NULL
AND tl2.resource_description IS NULL))
ORDER BY tl1.resource_associated_entity_id, tl1.request_status

-- Listing 8.10 How to identify contended resources, including SQL query details

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT
tl1.resource_type
, DB_NAME(tl1.resource_database_id) AS DatabaseName
, tl1.resource_associated_entity_id
, tl1.request_session_id
, tl1.request_mode
, tl1.request_status
, CASE
WHEN tl1.resource_type = 'OBJECT'
THEN OBJECT_NAME(tl1.resource_associated_entity_id)
WHEN tl1.resource_type IN ('KEY', 'PAGE', 'RID')
THEN (SELECT OBJECT_NAME(OBJECT_ID)
FROM sys.partitions s
WHERE s.hobt_id = tl1.resource_associated_entity_id)
END AS resource_type_name
, t.text AS [Parent Query]
, SUBSTRING (t.text,(r.statement_start_offset/2) + 1,
((CASE WHEN r.statement_end_offset = -1
THEN LEN(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), t.text)) * 2
ELSE r.statement_end_offset
END - r.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1) AS [Individual Query]
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks as tl1
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_locks as tl2
ON tl1.resource_associated_entity_id = tl2.resource_associated_entity_id
AND tl1.request_status <> tl2.request_status
AND (tl1.resource_description = tl2.resource_description
OR (tl1.resource_description IS NULL
AND tl2.resource_description IS NULL))
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections c
ON tl1.request_session_id = c.most_recent_session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(c.most_recent_sql_handle) t
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests r ON c.connection_id = r.connection_id
ORDER BY tl1.resource_associated_entity_id, tl1.request_status

-- Listing 8.11 How to find an idle session with an open transaction

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT es.session_id, es.login_name, es.host_name, est.text
, cn.last_read, cn.last_write, es.program_name
FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions es
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions st
ON es.session_id = st.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections cn
ON es.session_id = cn.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(cn.most_recent_sql_handle) est
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests er
ON st.session_id = er.session_id
AND er.session_id IS NULL

-- Listing 8.12 What’s being blocked by idle sessions with open transactions

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT
Waits.wait_duration_ms / 1000 AS WaitInSeconds
, Blocking.session_id as BlockingSessionId
, DB_NAME(Blocked.database_id) AS DatabaseName
, Sess.login_name AS BlockingUser
, Sess.host_name AS BlockingLocation
, BlockingSQL.text AS BlockingSQL
, Blocked.session_id AS BlockedSessionId
, BlockedSess.login_name AS BlockedUser
, BlockedSess.host_name AS BlockedLocation
, BlockedSQL.text AS BlockedSQL
, SUBSTRING (BlockedSQL.text, (BlockedReq.statement_start_offset/2) + 1,
((CASE WHEN BlockedReq.statement_end_offset = -1
THEN LEN(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), BlockedSQL.text)) * 2
ELSE BlockedReq.statement_end_offset
END - BlockedReq.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1)
AS [Blocked Individual Query]
, Waits.wait_type
FROM sys.dm_exec_connections AS Blocking
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS Blocked
ON Blocking.session_id = Blocked.blocking_session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions Sess
ON Blocking.session_id = sess.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions st
ON Blocking.session_id = st.session_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests er
ON st.session_id = er.session_id
AND er.session_id IS NULL
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS Waits
ON Blocked.session_id = Waits.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocking.most_recent_sql_handle)AS BlockingSQL
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS BlockedReq
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedReq.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions AS BlockedSess
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedSess.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocked.sql_handle) AS BlockedSQL
ORDER BY WaitInSeconds

-- Listing 8.13 What’s blocked by active sessions with open transactions

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT
Waits.wait_duration_ms / 1000 AS WaitInSeconds
, Blocking.session_id as BlockingSessionId
, DB_NAME(Blocked.database_id) AS DatabaseName
, Sess.login_name AS BlockingUser
, Sess.host_name AS BlockingLocation
, BlockingSQL.text AS BlockingSQL
, Blocked.session_id AS BlockedSessionId
, BlockedSess.login_name AS BlockedUser
, BlockedSess.host_name AS BlockedLocation
, BlockedSQL.text AS BlockedSQL
, SUBSTRING (BlockedSQL.text, (BlockedReq.statement_start_offset/2) + 1,
((CASE WHEN BlockedReq.statement_end_offset = -1
THEN LEN(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), BlockedSQL.text)) * 2
ELSE BlockedReq.statement_end_offset
END - BlockedReq.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1)
AS [Blocked Individual Query]
, Waits.wait_type
FROM sys.dm_exec_connections AS Blocking
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS Blocked
ON Blocking.session_id = Blocked.blocking_session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions Sess
ON Blocking.session_id = sess.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions st
ON Blocking.session_id = st.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests er
ON st.session_id = er.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS Waits
ON Blocked.session_id = Waits.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocking.most_recent_sql_handle) AS BlockingSQL
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS BlockedReq
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedReq.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions AS BlockedSess
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedSess.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocked.sql_handle) AS BlockedSQL
ORDER BY WaitInSeconds

-- Listing 8.14 What’s blocked—active and idle sessions with open transactions

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT
Waits.wait_duration_ms / 1000 AS WaitInSeconds
, Blocking.session_id as BlockingSessionId
, DB_NAME(Blocked.database_id) AS DatabaseName
, Sess.login_name AS BlockingUser
, Sess.host_name AS BlockingLocation
, BlockingSQL.text AS BlockingSQL
, Blocked.session_id AS BlockedSessionId
, BlockedSess.login_name AS BlockedUser
, BlockedSess.host_name AS BlockedLocation
, BlockedSQL.text AS BlockedSQL
, SUBSTRING (BlockedSQL.text, (BlockedReq.statement_start_offset/2) + 1,
((CASE WHEN BlockedReq.statement_end_offset = -1
THEN LEN(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), BlockedSQL.text)) * 2
ELSE BlockedReq.statement_end_offset
END - BlockedReq.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1)
AS [Blocked Individual Query]
, Waits.wait_type
FROM sys.dm_exec_connections AS Blocking
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS Blocked
ON Blocking.session_id = Blocked.blocking_session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions Sess
ON Blocking.session_id = sess.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions st
ON Blocking.session_id = st.session_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests er
ON st.session_id = er.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS Waits
ON Blocked.session_id = Waits.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocking.most_recent_sql_handle) AS BlockingSQL
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS BlockedReq
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedReq.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions AS BlockedSess
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedSess.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocked.sql_handle) AS BlockedSQL
ORDER BY WaitInSeconds

-- Listing 8.15 What has been blocked for more than 30 seconds

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

SELECT
Waits.wait_duration_ms / 1000 AS WaitInSeconds
, Blocking.session_id as BlockingSessionId
, Sess.login_name AS BlockingUser
, Sess.host_name AS BlockingLocation
, BlockingSQL.text AS BlockingSQL
, Blocked.session_id AS BlockedSessionId
, BlockedSess.login_name AS BlockedUser
, BlockedSess.host_name AS BlockedLocation
, BlockedSQL.text AS BlockedSQL
, DB_NAME(Blocked.database_id) AS DatabaseName
FROM sys.dm_exec_connections AS Blocking
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS Blocked
ON Blocking.session_id = Blocked.blocking_session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions Sess
ON Blocking.session_id = sess.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_session_transactions st
ON Blocking.session_id = st.session_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests er
ON st.session_id = er.session_id
AND er.session_id IS NULL
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS Waits
ON Blocked.session_id = Waits.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocking.most_recent_sql_handle) AS BlockingSQL
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests AS BlockedReq
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedReq.session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions AS BlockedSess
ON Waits.session_id = BlockedSess.session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(Blocked.sql_handle) AS BlockedSQL
WHERE Waits.wait_duration_ms > 30000
ORDER BY WaitInSeconds