2019年是个崭新的开始，在过去半年的工作中我参与到公司一个大型项目的维护和开发中，深深的体会到了react项目中数据流向复杂，参数类型错乱带来的痛苦体验，于是在崭新的一年我决定拥抱Typescript来解决避免在以后的项目中遇到同样痛苦的问题。
这里先从一个简单的Webpack 4 + React + Typescript 配置模版开始。
首先,我们需要建立文件的基本结构:
proj/ ├─ dist/ └─ src/ └─ components/
cd proj初始化项目
npm init
然后开始安装依赖：webpack
npm i webpack webpack-cli -D
创建webpack.config.js
const path = require('path');
module.exports = {
entry: "./src/index.tsx",
output: {
path: path.join(__dirname, '/dist'),
filename: 'bundle.js'
}
};
安装typescript 加载器
npm i typescript awesome-typescript-loader source-map-loader -D
配置脚本 typescript tsconfig.json
{ "compilerOptions": { "outDir": "./dist/", "sourceMap": true, "noImplicitAny": true, "module": "commonjs", "target": "es5", "jsx": "react" }, "include": [ "./src/**/*” ] }
在webpack.config.js 加入文件扩展名解析
resolve: { // Add '.ts' and '.tsx' as resolvable extensions. extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".json"] },
引入react依赖
npm i react react-dom @types/react @types/react-dom
@ types /前缀意味着我们还想获取React和React-DOM的声明文件
在根目录添加html脚本 indec.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <title>Hello React!</title> </head> <body> <div id="example"></div> </body> </html>
在src目录添加入口文件index.tsx
import * as React from "react"; import * as ReactDOM from "react-dom"; import { Hello } from "./components/Hello"; ReactDOM.render( <Hello compiler="TypeScript" framework="React" />, document.getElementById("example") );
在src/components目录添加一个Hello.tsx组件，用了react的function 无状态组件 和typescript 的interface
import * as React from "react"; export interface HelloProps { compiler: string; framework: string; } export const Hello = (props: HelloProps) => ( <h1> Hello from {props.compiler} and {props.framework}! </h1> );
引入html-webpack-plugin 实现html模版自动生成
npm i html-webpack-plugin -D
完整的webpack.config.js
const path = require('path');
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
module.exports = {
entry: "./src/index.tsx",
output: {
path: path.join(__dirname, '/dist'),
filename: 'bundle.js'
},
devtool: "source-map",
resolve: {
// Add '.ts' and '.tsx' as resolvable extensions.
extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".json"]
},
module: {
rules: [
// All files with a '.ts' or '.tsx' extension will be handled by 'awesome-typescript-loader’.
{ test: /.tsx?$/, loader: "awesome-typescript-loader" },
// All output '.js' files will have any sourcemaps re-processed by 'source-map-loader'.
{ enforce: "pre", test: /.js$/, loader: "source-map-loader" }
]
},
plugins: [
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
template: './index.html'
})
],
// 用来替换全局变量
// externals: {
// react: "React",
// "react-dom": "ReactDOM"
// }
};
引入webpack-dev-server
npm i webpack-dev-server --D
更新package.json
"scripts": { "start": "webpack-dev-server --mode development --open --hot", "build": "webpack --mode production" }
运行npm start 在浏览器打开默认端口localhost:8080 查看