本教程是来自于
http://www.raywenderlich.com/2965/how-to-write-an-ios-app-that-uses-a-web-service。
我很喜欢这个网站的教程,所以翻译过来,并进行了概括,以方便以后回顾。
适合有一定的基础的开发人员,快速实施。如果是初学者,那么请看原文链接,讲的很详细。
一、 前期准备工作:
需要使用的第三方库:
库名称 |
功能 |
下载地址 |
JSON |
用来解析Json数据 |
|
ASIHTTPRequest |
HTTP的封装 |
|
MBProgressHUD |
进度、状态指示器 |
接下来就开始创建项目并导入:
1.开启Xcode创建一个项目,项目类型选择Single View Application。
2.创建三个Group,并导入上述三个库。
JSON:将JSON\Classes目录的文件托入刚才创建的JSON GROUP。
ASIHTTPRequest:将ASIHTTPRequest\Classes目录的所有文件拖入创建的ASIHTTPRequest GROUP(注意,只要当前目录的文件,CloudFiles之类的目录不需要)
ASIHTTPRequest\External\Reachability这里的文件也要加进来
MBProgressHUD:将MBProgressHUD.m和MBProgressHUD.h拖入MBProgressHUD GROUP
以上三个操作,拖入的时候,记得勾选Copy items into destination group’s folder (if needed)选项,意思是把目录复制到你的项目中,而不是只引用。
3.导入一些必要的frameworks:点击左侧导航栏中你的项目->选中target->再选择build phases栏0->Link Binary with Libraries。点击+按钮,搜索CFNetwork.framework and SystemConfiguration.framework,MobileCoreServices.framework, and libz.1.2.3.dylib四个库。
以上三个大步骤完成后,点击编译。完成第一个阶段。
二、实现Interface
创建UI: 1.label
2.textfield
3.textview
三、与WebService交互
我们的Web Service需要三个参数:
- rw_app_id: 应用的唯一标识号. If you’ve been following along with the previous tutorial, there should be only one entry so far, App ID #1.
- code: The code to attempt to redeem. This should be a string that’s entered by the user.
- device_id: The device ID that is attempting to redeem this code. We can get this with an easy API call
我们需要使用POST机制请求WebService。ASIHTTPRequest将使这一过程变得很便捷。
1.创建一个ASIFormDataRequest实例与URL
2.使用setPostValue方法指定各个参数
3.设置viewcontroller为request的delegate,之后调用startAsynchronous来发起异步请求
4.当请求完毕后,requestFinished或者requestFailed会被回调
5.requestFinished无论webservice相应一个错误的代码,或者正确响应,都会被调用,所以在这个函数里要检查请求成功或者失败
6.如果一切顺利,再解析收到的JSON数据
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField { NSLog(@"Want to redeem: %@", textField.text); // Get device unique ID UIDevice *device = [UIDevice currentDevice]; NSString *uniqueId= [device uniqueIdentifier]; // Start request NSString *code = textField.text; NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.wildfables.com/promos/"]; ASIFormDataRequest *request = [ASIFormDataRequest requestWithURL:url]; [request setPostValue:@"1" forKey:@"rw_app_id"]; [request setPostValue:code forKey:@"code"]; [request setPostValue:uniqueId forKey:@"device_id"]; [request setDelegate:self]; [request startAsynchronous]; // Hide keyword [textField resignFirstResponder]; // Clear text field textView.text = @""; //状态指示器 MBProgressHUD *hud = [MBProgressHUD showHUDAddedTo:self.view animated:YES]; hud.labelText = @"Redeeming code..."; return TRUE; } /*请求完成后回调*/ - (void)requestFinished:(ASIHTTPRequest *)request { [MBProgressHUD hideHUDForView:self.view animated:YES]; if (request.responseStatusCode == 400) { textView.text = @"Invalid code"; } else if (request.responseStatusCode == 403) { textView.text = @"Code already used"; } else if (request.responseStatusCode == 200) { NSString *responseString = [request responseString]; NSDictionary *responseDict = [responseString JSONValue]; NSString *unlockCode = [responseDict objectForKey:@"unlock_code"]; if ([unlockCode compare:@"com.razeware.test.unlock.cake"] == NSOrderedSame) { textView.text = @"The cake is a lie!"; } else { textView.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Received unexpected unlock code: %@", unlockCode]; } } else { textView.text = @"Unexpected error"; } } /*请求失败后回调*/ - (void)requestFailed:(ASIHTTPRequest *)request { [MBProgressHUD hideHUDForView:self.view animated:YES]; NSError *error = [request error]; textView.text = error.localizedDescription; }
为了让用户感受到,在请求数据的时候,程序在运行,而不是假死,所以要添加状态指示器。
三个步骤
// Add at the top of the file#import "MBProgressHUD.h"
// Add right before return TRUE in textFieldShouldReturn
MBProgressHUD *hud =[MBProgressHUD showHUDAddedTo:self.view animated:YES];
hud.labelText =@"Redeeming code...";
// Add at start of requestFinished AND requestFailed
[MBProgressHUD hideHUDForView:self.view animated:YES];
编译运行,大功告成。
代码:http://d1xzuxjlafny7l.cloudfront.net/downloads/PromoTest.zip
ps:IOS5.0以上支持JSON解析,方法如下: