zabbix系列之五——安装后配置一

https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.4/manual/appliance

Configuration

1Hosts and host groups

Overview:

1Typical Zabbix hosts are the devices you wish to monitor (servers, workstations, switches, etc).

2creating hosts is one of the first monitoring tasks in zabbix.

3hosts are organized into host groups.

1.1configuring a host

1.1.1create a host

Step	Detail	note
Go to: Configuration → Hosts
Click on Create host
Enter parameters of the host in the form		You can also use the Clone and Full clone buttons in the form of an existing host to create a new host.

Note:

1Clicking on Clone will retain all host parameters and template linkage (keeping all entities from those templates)

2Full clone will additionally retain directly attached entities (applications, items, triggers, graphs, low-level discovery rules and web scenarios).

3 When a host is cloned, it will retain all template entities as they are originally on the template. Any changes to those entities made on the existing host level (such as changed item interval, modified regular expression or added prototypes to the low-level discovery rule) will not be cloned to the new host; instead they will be as on the template.

1.1.2configuration

1.1.2.1Host tab

Parameter	Description
Host name	Enter a unique host name. Alphanumerics, spaces, dots, dashes and underscores are allowed. Note: With Zabbix agent running on the host you are configuring, the agent configuration file parameterHostname must have the same value as the host name entered here. The name in the parameter is needed in the processing of active checks.
Visible name	If you set this name, it will be the one visible in lists, maps, etc. This attribute has UTF-8 support.
Groups	Select host groups the host belongs to. A host must belong to at least one host group.
New host group	A new group can be created and linked to the host. Ignored, if empty.
Interfaces	Several host interface types are supported for a host: Agent, SNMP, JMX and IPMI. To add a new interface, click on Add in the Interfaces block and enter IP/DNS, Connect to and Port info. Note: Interfaces that are used in any items cannot be removed and link Remove is greyed out for them. Use bulk requests option for SNMP interfaces allows to enable/disable bulk processing of SNMP requests per interface.
IP address	Host IP address (optional).
DNS name	Host DNS name (optional).
Connect to	Clicking the respective button will tell Zabbix server what to use to retrieve data from agents: IP - Connect to the host IP address (recommended) DNS - Connect to the host DNS name
Port	TCP/UDP port number. Default values are: 10050 for Zabbix agent, 161 for SNMP agent, 12345 for JMX and 623 for IPMI.
Default	Check the radio button to set the default interface.
Description	Enter the host description.
Monitored by proxy	The host can be monitored either by Zabbix server or one of Zabbix proxies: (no proxy) - host is monitored by Zabbix server Proxy name - host is monitored by Zabbix proxy “Proxy name”
Enabled	Mark the checkbox to make the host active, ready to be monitored. If unchecked, the host is not active, thus not monitored.

1.1.2.2 Templates tab

1)Link templates

Step	Detail	note
start typing in the Link new templates field until a list of matching templates appear.		The Templates tab allows you to link templates to the host. All entities (items, triggers, graphs and applications) will be inherited from the template.
Scroll down to select.
click on Add.

2)unlink template

method	Detail	note
Method 1	Unlink - unlink the template, but preserve its items, triggers and graphs
Method 2	nlink and clear - unlink the template and remove all its items, triggers and graphs

1.1.2.3 IPMI tab

Parameter	description	note
Authentication algorithm	Select the authentication algorithm.
Privilege level	Select the privilege level.
Username	User name for authentication.
Password	Password for authentication.

1.1.2.4 Macros tab

1)The Macros tab allows you to define host-level user macros.

2) You may also view here template-level and global macros if you select the Inherited and host macros option. That is where all defined user macros for the host are displayed with the value they resolve to as well as their origin

3) For convenience, links to respective templates and global macro configuration are provided. It is also possible to edit a template/global macro on the host level, effectively creating a copy of the macro on the host.

1.1.2.5 Host inventory tab

1)allows you to manually enter inventory information for the host.

2) You can also select to enable Automatic inventory population, or disable inventory population for this host.

1.1.2.6 Encryption tab

allows you to require encrypted connections with the host.

Parameter	description	note
Connections to host	How Zabbix server or proxy connects to Zabbix agent on a host: no encryption (default), using PSK (pre-shared key) or certificate.	Connections to host
Connections from host	Select what type of connections are allowed from the host (i.e. from Zabbix agent and Zabbix sender). Several connection types can be selected at the same time (useful for testing and switching to other connection type). Default is “No encryption”.	Connections from host
Issuer	Allowed issuer of certificate. Certificate is first validated with CA (certificate authority). If it is valid, signed by the CA, then the Issuer field can be used to further restrict allowed CA. This field is intended to be used if your Zabbix installation uses certificates from multiple CAs. If this field is empty then any CA is accepted.	Issuer
Subject	Allowed subject of certificate. Certificate is first validated with CA. If it is valid, signed by the CA, then the Subject field can be used to allow only one value of Subject string. If this field is empty then any valid certificate signed by the configured CA is accepted.	Subject
PSK identity	Pre-shared key identity string.	PSK identity
PSK	Pre-shared key (hex-string). Maximum length: 512 hex-digits (256-byte PSK) if Zabbix uses GnuTLS or OpenSSL library, 64 hex-digits (32-byte PSK) if Zabbix uses mbed TLS (PolarSSL) library. Example: 1f87b595725ac58dd977beef14b97461a7c1045b9a1c963065002c5473194952	PSK

1.1.3configuring host group

Step	Detail	note
Go to: Configuration → Host groups
Click on Create Group in the upper right corner of the screen
Enter parameters of the group in the form

Parameter	description	note
Group name	Enter a unique host group name. To create a nested host group, use the '/' forward slash separator, for exampleEurope/Latvia/Riga/Zabbix servers. You can create this group even if none of the three parent host groups (Europe/Latvia/Riga) exist. In this case creating these parent host groups is up to the user; they will not be created automatically. Leading and trailing slashes, several slashes in a row are not allowed. Escaping of '/' is not supported. Nested representation of host groups is supported since Zabbix 3.2.0.
Hosts	Select hosts, members of the group. A host group may have zero, one or more hosts.
Apply permissions to all subgroups	Mark this checkbox and click on Update to apply the same level of permissions to all nested host groups. For user groups that may have had differing permissionsassigned to nested host groups, the permission level of the parent host group will be enforced on the nested groups. This is a one-time option that is not saved in the database. It is available to Zabbix Super Admin users only and only when editing an existing host group. This option is supported since Zabbix 3.4.0.

Permissions to nested host groups

1)      When creating a child host group to an existing parent host group, user group permissions to the child are inherited from the parent (for example, when creating Riga/Zabbix servers if Riga already exists)

2)      When creating a parent host group to an existing child host group, no permissions to the parent are set (for example, when creating Riga if Riga/Zabbix servers already exists)

1.2Inventory

Overview:

1)You can keep the inventory of networked devices in Zabbix.

2) However, you will not see any data there initially and it is not where you enter data.

3) Building inventory data is done manually when configuring a host or automatically by using some automatic population options.

1.2.1Building inventory

1.2.1.1manual mode

Step	Detail	note
When configuring a host,enter details in the host inventory tab	Such as the type of device, serial number, location, responsible person, etc - data that will populate inventory information.	If a URL is included in host inventory information and it starts with 'http' or 'https', it will result in a clickable link in the Inventory section.

1.2.1.2automatic mode?

Step	Detail	note
the Host inventory tab must be set to Automatic
	Then you can configure host items to populate any host inventory field with their value, indicating the destination field with the respective attribute (called Item will populate host inventory field) in item configuration.
	Items that are especially useful for automated inventory data collection: system.hw.chassis[full|type|vendor|model|serial] - default is [full], root permissions needed system.hw.cpu[all|cpunum,full|maxfreq|vendor|model|curfreq] - default is [all,full] system.hw.devices[pci|usb] - default is [pci] system.hw.macaddr[interface,short|full] - default is [all,full], interface is regexp system.sw.arch system.sw.os[name|short|full] - default is [name] system.sw.packages[package,manager,short|full] - default is [all,all,full], package is regexp

1.2.1.3Inventory mode selection

Inventory mode can be selected in the host configuration form.

Step	Detail	note
Administration → General → Other.	Inventory mode by default for new hosts is selected based on the Default host inventory mode setting in Administration → General → Other.	For hosts added by network discovery or auto registration actions, it is possible to define a Set host inventory mode operation selecting manual or automatic mode. This operation overrides the Default host inventory mode setting

1.2.1.4Inventory overview

Step	Detail	note
In Inventory → Hosts you can see all hosts that have inventory information.	Clicking on the host name will reveal the inventory details in a form.

.