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  • Xposed框架中XSharePreference的使用

                                        本文博客地址:https://blog.csdn.net/QQ1084283172/article/details/81194406

    在Xposed框架的模块编写中,通常希望我们自己写的Android界面控制部分能够对Xposde框架的模块进行配置,也就说在当前Android应用中写的SharePreference文件,在其他Android应用加载该Xposde模块时,在执行的Xposed模块代码中能够访问到前面提到的SharePreference配置文件。当然了将配置文件写在Android应用的sd卡路径下是可以的,但是到了Android系统7.0的高版本时,基于sd卡文件的访问权限问题,使得这种方法不是很好使,当然了基于SharePreference配置文件的数据共享方法也不好使。这里只是学习一下Xposed框架中XSharePreference的使用方法,具体遇到的问题就是《一个基于xposed和inline hook的一代壳脱壳工具》中,关于Xposed模块共享配置文件问题的讨论,总之呢,到了Android 7.0版本的系统,基于权限和安全性的考虑,这两种方法都不是最佳的共享数据的通用方法。

    一、普通情况下,Android应用跨进程共享文件数据的方法,可以参考博客《读、写其他应用程序的SharedPreferences》的讲解。

    要读、写其他Android应用的SharedPreferences文件,需要共享该SharedPreferences文件的Android应用程序指定相应的访问权限,例如:MODE_WORLD_READABLE表明该SharedPreferences可被其他应用程序读取;指定MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE,表明该SharedPreferences可被其他程序写入。
    操作步骤
    1、创建其他Android应用程序对应的Context。
    2、调用上面Context的getSharedPreferences(String name,int mode),获取相应的SharedPreferences对象。
    3、如果需要写入数据,调用SharedPreferences的edit()方法获取相应的Editor即可。

    摘抄一下作者冯健-developer大大的博客代码,进行演示说明:

    共享SharedPreferences配置文件数据的Android应用:

    获取共享的SharedPreferences配置文件数据的Android应用:

    但是这个Android跨进程共享SharedPreferences文件数据的方案,在Android的高版本系统上并不好使,具体的可以参考博客《SharedPreferences多进程解决方案》的描述,google官方还是推荐使用ContentProvider的方法进行替代,具体的内容如下:

    二、Xposed框架下,Android应用与编写的Xposed模块进行SharedPreferences文件数据共享的实现。

    对于Android应用与编写的Xposed模块进行SharedPreferences文件数据的共享,Xposed框架提供了XSharePreference的解决方法,不过需要说明的Xposed框架提供的XSharePreference只能实现SharedPreferences文件数据共享的读,不支持跨进程SharedPreferences文件数据共享的写。SharePrefernce实际上是对应路径/data/data/<Package Name>/shared_prefs/<Package Name>_preferences.xml的文件,里面按键值对的形式存放。XSharedPreferences做的工作实际上就是根据<Package Name>自己去获取和解析这个配置文件,然后读出该配置文件中的数据存放在一个HashMap当中,这些可以从XSharedPreferences的源码中了解到。

    package de.robv.android.xposed;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.SharedPreferences;
    import android.os.Environment;
    import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    import com.android.internal.util.XmlUtils;
    
    import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import de.robv.android.xposed.services.FileResult;
    
    /**
     * This class is basically the same as SharedPreferencesImpl from AOSP, but
     * read-only and without listeners support. Instead, it is made to be
     * compatible with all ROMs.
     */
    public final class XSharedPreferences implements SharedPreferences {
    	private static final String TAG = "XSharedPreferences";
    	private final File mFile;
    	private final String mFilename;
    	private Map<String, Object> mMap;
    	private boolean mLoaded = false;
    	private long mLastModified;
    	private long mFileSize;
    
    	/**
    	 * Read settings from the specified file.
    	 * @param prefFile The file to read the preferences from.
    	 */
    	public XSharedPreferences(File prefFile) {
    		mFile = prefFile;
    		mFilename = mFile.getAbsolutePath();
    		startLoadFromDisk();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Read settings from the default preferences for a package.
    	 * These preferences are returned by {@link PreferenceManager#getDefaultSharedPreferences}.
    	 * @param packageName The package name.
    	 */
    	public XSharedPreferences(String packageName) {
    
    		// 调用XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName)函数
    		this(packageName, packageName + "_preferences");
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Read settings from a custom preferences file for a package.
    	 * These preferences are returned by {@link Context#getSharedPreferences(String, int)}.
    	 * @param packageName The package name.
    	 * @param prefFileName The file name without ".xml".
    	 */
    	public XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName) {
    
    		// Environment.getDataDirectory()获取Android系统的/data目录
    		// 在/data/data/路径下创建共享xml文件
    		mFile = new File(Environment.getDataDirectory(), "data/" + packageName + "/shared_prefs/" + prefFileName + ".xml");
    		// 获取文件全路径
    		mFilename = mFile.getAbsolutePath();
    		startLoadFromDisk();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Tries to make the preferences file world-readable.
    	 *
    	 * <p><strong>Warning:</strong> This is only meant to work around permission "fix" functions that are part
    	 * of some recoveries. It doesn't replace the need to open preferences with {@code MODE_WORLD_READABLE}
    	 * in the module's UI code. Otherwise, Android will set stricter permissions again during the next save.
    	 *
    	 * <p>This will only work if executed as root (e.g. {@code initZygote()}) and only if SELinux is disabled.
    	 *
    	 * @return {@code true} in case the file could be made world-readable.
    	 */
    	@SuppressLint("SetWorldReadable")
    	public boolean makeWorldReadable() {
    		if (!SELinuxHelper.getAppDataFileService().hasDirectFileAccess())
    			return false; // It doesn't make much sense to make the file readable if we wouldn't be able to access it anyway.
    
    		if (!mFile.exists()) // Just in case - the file should never be created if it doesn't exist.
    			return false;
    		// 设置文件为全局可读
    		return mFile.setReadable(true, false);
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Returns the file that is backing these preferences.
    	 *
    	 * <p><strong>Warning:</strong> The file might not be accessible directly.
    	 */
    	public File getFile() {
    		return mFile;
    	}
    
    	private void startLoadFromDisk() {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			mLoaded = false;
    		}
    		new Thread("XSharedPreferences-load") {
    			@Override
    			public void run() {
    				synchronized (XSharedPreferences.this) {
    					loadFromDiskLocked();
    				}
    			}
    		}.start();
    	}
    
    	@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
    	private void loadFromDiskLocked() {
    		if (mLoaded) {
    			return;
    		}
    
    		Map map = null;
    		FileResult result = null;
    		try {
    			result = SELinuxHelper.getAppDataFileService().getFileInputStream(mFilename, mFileSize, mLastModified);
    			if (result.stream != null) {
    				map = XmlUtils.readMapXml(result.stream);
    				result.stream.close();
    			} else {
    				// The file is unchanged, keep the current values
    				map = mMap;
    			}
    		} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
    			Log.w(TAG, "getSharedPreferences", e);
    		} catch (FileNotFoundException ignored) {
    			// SharedPreferencesImpl has a canRead() check, so it doesn't log anything in case the file doesn't exist
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			Log.w(TAG, "getSharedPreferences", e);
    		} finally {
    			if (result != null && result.stream != null) {
    				try {
    					result.stream.close();
    				} catch (RuntimeException rethrown) {
    					throw rethrown;
    				} catch (Exception ignored) {
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    		mLoaded = true;
    		if (map != null) {
    			mMap = map;
    			mLastModified = result.mtime;
    			mFileSize = result.size;
    		} else {
    			mMap = new HashMap<>();
    		}
    		notifyAll();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Reload the settings from file if they have changed.
    	 *
    	 * <p><strong>Warning:</strong> With enforcing SELinux, this call might be quite expensive.
    	 */
    	public synchronized void reload() {
    		if (hasFileChanged())
    			startLoadFromDisk();
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * Check whether the file has changed since the last time it has been loaded.
    	 *
    	 * <p><strong>Warning:</strong> With enforcing SELinux, this call might be quite expensive.
    	 */
    	public synchronized boolean hasFileChanged() {
    		try {
    			FileResult result = SELinuxHelper.getAppDataFileService().statFile(mFilename);
    			return mLastModified != result.mtime || mFileSize != result.size;
    		} catch (FileNotFoundException ignored) {
    			// SharedPreferencesImpl doesn't log anything in case the file doesn't exist
    			return true;
    		} catch (IOException e) {
    			Log.w(TAG, "hasFileChanged", e);
    			return true;
    		}
    	}
    
    	private void awaitLoadedLocked() {
    		while (!mLoaded) {
    			try {
    				wait();
    			} catch (InterruptedException unused) {
    			}
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public Map<String, ?> getAll() {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			return new HashMap<>(mMap);
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public String getString(String key, String defValue) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			String v = (String)mMap.get(key);
    			return v != null ? v : defValue;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    	public Set<String> getStringSet(String key, Set<String> defValues) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			Set<String> v = (Set<String>) mMap.get(key);
    			return v != null ? v : defValues;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public int getInt(String key, int defValue) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			Integer v = (Integer)mMap.get(key);
    			return v != null ? v : defValue;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public long getLong(String key, long defValue) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			Long v = (Long)mMap.get(key);
    			return v != null ? v : defValue;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public float getFloat(String key, float defValue) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			Float v = (Float)mMap.get(key);
    			return v != null ? v : defValue;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean defValue) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			Boolean v = (Boolean)mMap.get(key);
    			return v != null ? v : defValue;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @hide */
    	@Override
    	public boolean contains(String key) {
    		synchronized (this) {
    			awaitLoadedLocked();
    			return mMap.containsKey(key);
    		}
    	}
    
    	/** @deprecated Not supported by this implementation. */
    	@Deprecated
    	@Override
    	public Editor edit() {
            // 不支持共享配置文件的写操作
    		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("read-only implementation");
    	}
    
    	/** @deprecated Not supported by this implementation. */
    	@Deprecated
    	@Override
    	public void registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener listener) {
    		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("listeners are not supported in this implementation");
    	}
    
    	/** @deprecated Not supported by this implementation. */
    	@Deprecated
    	@Override
    	public void unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener listener) {
    		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("listeners are not supported in this implementation");
    	}
    
    }

    XSharedPreferences的api使用说明:https://api.xposed.info/reference/de/robv/android/xposed/XSharedPreferences.html

    1.使用 XSharedPreferences(String packageName) 获取共享配置文件SharedPreferences的数据。

    构造函数的源码如下,在构建XSharedPreferences对象设置默认的xml文件的文件名称为packageName+"_preferences",很显然构造函数XSharedPreferences(String packageName)最终是调用的构造函数XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName)来实现的,只是传给该构造函数的第2个参数是默认的packageName+"_preferences"

    XSharedPreferences(String packageName)函数的使用说明:

    保存数据到共享配置文件SharedPreferences中,使用的场景是自己写的Xposed框架一般都会做个界面,继承Activity的,保存数据是直接正常保存,唯一注意的就是初始化SharedPreferences的时候,权限要写成:Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE。这样的话,在其他的Xposed模块才能访问到这个共享的配置文件SharedPreferences,但是在Android 7.0的系统上还是会存在问题,不好使。

    // 创建共享配置文件的时,设置为Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE模式
    SharedPreferences sp = getActivity()
               .getSharedPreferences(getPackageName() + "_preferences", Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
    SharedPreferences.Editor editor  = sp.edit();
    // 保存数据到共享配置文件中
    editor.putString("test_put", "test_put").commit();

    在编写的Xposed模块中,对共享的SharedPreferences文件数据进行访问:

    // 其中"com.xxx.yyy"为共享SharedPreferences文件数据的Android应用的包名
    XSharedPreferences intance = new XSharedPreferences("xxx.yyy.zzz");
    String strHello = intance.getString("test_put", "");

    2.使用XSharedPreferences(String packageName, String prefFileName)获取共享配置文件SharedPreferences的数据。

    构造函数的源码如下:

    构造函数的使用说明:

    数据的保存:

    SharedPreferences sp = getActivity().getSharedPreferences("config", Activity.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
    SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();
    editor.putBoolean("isOk", true).commit();

    数据的访问:

    在XSharePreference初始化完成后,一定要设置为可读取即makeWorldReadable()。XSharedPreferences是只读的,并不允许进行写操作,从源码中实现中就可以看出来,代码来自于博客《Xposed中的XSharePreference的使用》。

    public class PreferenceUtils {
    
        public static final String AUTO_ALL ="auto_all";
        public static final String REPLY_CONTENT ="reply_content";
        public static final String REPLY_ORDER ="reply_order";
        public static final String REPLY_ROBOT ="reply_robot";
        public static final String REPLY_DESCRIBE ="reply_describe";
        private static XSharedPreferences intance = null;
    
        public static XSharedPreferences getIntance(){
            if (intance == null){
                intance = new XSharedPreferences("com.ydscience.fakemomo","config");
                intance.makeWorldReadable();
            }else {
                intance.reload();
            }
            return intance;
        }
    
        public static boolean openAll(){
            return getIntance().getBoolean(AUTO_ALL,false);
      }
    
        public static String replyContent(){
            return getIntance().getString(REPLY_CONTENT,"请设置自动回复内容");
        }
    }

    提供一个Xposed框架中XSharePreference使用的例子,来源于看雪论坛《一个基于xposed和inline hook的一代壳脱壳工具》下面关于该脱壳插件改进讨论的例子代码,在这个基础上根据需求进行修改即可:

    /**
     * Created by virjar on 2018/2/24.<br>
     * 原方案,在宿主apk无sd卡权限时,无法hook无法读取配置,所以使用XSharePreference来处理多apk配置通信问题,这是因为shardPreference可以开放读取权限,绕开了不同app私有文件通信问题
     */
     
    class XSharePreferenceConfig {
    
        private static final String pluginPackage = "com.smartdone.dexdump";
        private static final String configName = "dumpapps";
    
        //可写的XSharedPreferences对象,这个可以使用在插件自己的apk里面使用
        private SharedPreferences writeXSharedPreferences = null;
        //只读的XSharedPreferences,这个可以让插件在宿主Android应用里面访问
        private SharedPreferences readXSharedPreferences = null;
     
        @SuppressLint("WorldReadableFiles")
        void initWriteSharedPreference(Context pluginHostContext) {
            if (!StringUtils.equals(pluginHostContext.getApplicationInfo().packageName, pluginPackage)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("can not create write sharedPreference in host app");
            }
            if (writeXSharedPreferences != null) {
                return;
            }
            writeXSharedPreferences = pluginHostContext.getSharedPreferences(configName, Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE);
        }
     
        void initReadSharePreference() {
            if (readXSharedPreferences != null) {
                return;
            }
            readXSharedPreferences = new XSharedPreferences(pluginPackage, configName);
        }
     
        private SharedPreferences getBindSharePreference() {
            if (writeXSharedPreferences != null) {
                return writeXSharedPreferences;
            }
            if (readXSharedPreferences != null) {
                return readXSharedPreferences;
            }
            throw new IllegalStateException("not inited");
        }
     
        // 向共享配置文件中添加数据
        void addOne(String name) {
            SharedPreferences bindSharePreference = getBindSharePreference();
            Set<String> stringSet = Sets.newHashSet(Splitter.on(",").splitToList(bindSharePreference.getString(configName, "")));
            stringSet.add(name);
            bindSharePreference.edit().putString(configName, Joiner.on(",").join(stringSet)).apply();
        }
     
        // 从共享配置文件中移除数据
        void removeOne(String name) {
            SharedPreferences bindSharePreference = getBindSharePreference();
            Set<String> stringSet = Sets.newHashSet(Splitter.on(",").splitToList(bindSharePreference.getString(configName, "")));
            stringSet.remove(name);
            bindSharePreference.edit().putString(configName, Joiner.on(",").join(stringSet)).apply();
        }
     
        // 获取共享的配置文件中的数据
        Set<String> getConfig() {
            return Sets.newHashSet(Splitter.on(",").splitToList(getBindSharePreference().getString(configName, "")));
        }
     
        static boolean contains(Set<String> lists, String name) {
            if (lists == null) {
                return false;
            }
            for (String l : lists) {
                if (l.equals(name)) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }
     
    }

    比较不错的博客参考链接,很多知识点都是结合Xposed的api参考文档和源码以及这些博客搬运过来:

    Xposed的api参考文档: https://api.xposed.info/reference/packages.html

    Xposed中的XSharePreference的使用

    Xposed 使用注意事项

    Xposed Xposed读取SharedPreferences

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/csnd/p/11800582.html
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