方法一：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>菜鸟教程(runoob.com)</title> <style> #myImg { border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; transition: 0.3s; } #myImg:hover {opacity: 0.7;} /* The Modal (background) */ .modal { display: none; /* Hidden by default */ position: fixed; /* Stay in place */ z-index: 1; /* Sit on top */ padding-top: 100px; /* Location of the box */ left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; /* Full width */ height: 100%; /* Full height */ overflow: auto; /* Enable scroll if needed */ background-color: rgb(0,0,0); /* Fallback color */ background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9); /* Black w/ opacity */ } /* Modal Content (image) */ .modal-content { margin: auto; display: block; width: 80%; max- 700px; } /* Caption of Modal Image */ #caption { margin: auto; display: block; width: 80%; max- 700px; text-align: center; color: #ccc; padding: 10px 0; height: 150px; } /* Add Animation */ .modal-content, #caption { -webkit-animation-name: zoom; -webkit-animation-duration: 0.6s; animation-name: zoom; animation-duration: 0.6s; } @-webkit-keyframes zoom { from {-webkit-transform: scale(0)} to {-webkit-transform: scale(1)} } @keyframes zoom { from {transform: scale(0.1)} to {transform: scale(1)} } /* The Close Button */ .close { position: absolute; top: 15px; right: 35px; color: #f1f1f1; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; transition: 0.3s; } .close:hover, .close:focus { color: #bbb; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; } /* 100% Image Width on Smaller Screens */ @media only screen and (max- 700px){ .modal-content { width: 100%; } } </style> </head> <body> <h2>图片模态框</h2> <p>本实例演示了如何结合 CSS 和 JavaScript 来一起渲染图片。</p><p> 首先，我们使用 CSS 来创建 modal 窗口 (对话框), 默认是隐藏的。<p> <p>然后，我们使用 JavaScript 来显示模态窗口，当我们点击图片时，图片会在弹出的窗口中显示：</p> <img id="myImg" src="http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/img_lights.jpg" alt="Northern Lights, Norway" width="300" height="200"> <!-- The Modal --> <div id="myModal" class="modal"> <span class="close">×</span> <img class="modal-content" id="img01"> <div id="caption"></div> </div> <script> // 获取模态窗口 var modal = document.getElementById('myModal'); // 获取图片模态框，alt 属性作为图片弹出中文本描述 var img = document.getElementById('myImg'); var modalImg = document.getElementById("img01"); var captionText = document.getElementById("caption"); img.onclick = function(){ modal.style.display = "block"; modalImg.src = this.src; modalImg.alt = this.alt; captionText.innerHTML = this.alt; } // 获取 <span> 元素，设置关闭模态框按钮 var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0]; // 点击 <span> 元素上的 (x), 关闭模态框 span.onclick = function() { modal.style.display = "none"; } </script> </body> </html>
方法二（转）：
html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>js图片和视频查看器插件 - 站长素材</title> <!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/normalize.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css">--> </head> <body> <!--<div class="main">--> <div id="image_container"> <!--class="container"--> <!--<div class="flex">--> <!--<img src="img/photo1_thumb.jpg"/> <img src="img/photo7_thumb.jpg"/> <img src="img/photo3_thumb.jpg"/>--> <img src="img/photo2_thumb.jpg" caption="Example of an optional caption. You can put words here."/> <!--</div>--> </div> <!--</div>--> <script src="dist/BigPicture.js"></script> <script> (function() { function setClickHandler(id, fn) { document.getElementById(id).onclick = fn; } setClickHandler('image_container', function(e) { e.target.tagName === 'IMG' && BigPicture({ el: e.target, imgSrc: e.target.src.replace('_thumb', '') }); }); })(); </script> </body> </html>
BigPicture.js:
// BigPicture.js | license MIT | henrygd.me/bigpicture (function() { var // assign window object to variable global = window, // trigger element used to open popup el, // set to true after first interaction initialized, // container element holding html needed for script container, // currently active display element (image, video, youtube / vimeo iframe container) displayElement, // popup image element displayImage, // popup video element displayVideo, // container element to hold youtube / vimeo iframe iframeContainer, // iframe to hold youtube / vimeo player iframeSiteVid, // store requested image source imgSrc, // button that closes the container closeButton, // youtube / vimeo video id siteVidID, // keeps track of loading icon display state isLoading, // timeout to check video status while loading checkVidTimeout, // loading icon element loadingIcon, // caption element caption, // caption content element captionText, // store caption content captionContent, // hide caption button element captionHideButton, // open state for container element isOpen, // used during close animation to avoid triggering timeout twice isClosing, // array of prev viewed image urls to check if cached before showing loading icon imgCache, // store whether remote image is already cached on request cached, // store whether image requested is remote or local remoteImage, // store animation opening callbacks animationStart, animationEnd, // set to true if user wants to hide loading icon noLoader, // Save bytes in the minified version doc = document, appendEl = 'appendChild', createEl = 'createElement', removeEl = 'removeChild', htmlInner = 'innerHTML', pointerEventsAuto = 'pointer-events:auto', cHeight = 'clientHeight', cWidth = 'clientWidth', listenFor = 'addEventListener', timeout = global.setTimeout, clearTimeout = global.clearTimeout; global.BigPicture = function(options) { // initialize called on initial open to create elements / style / event handlers initialized || initialize(); // clear currently loading stuff if (isLoading) { clearTimeout(checkVidTimeout); removeContainer(); } // store video id if youtube / vimeo video is requested siteVidID = options.ytSrc || options.vimeoSrc; // store optional callbacks animationStart = options.animationStart; animationEnd = options.animationEnd; // store whether user requests to hide loading icon noLoader = options.noLoader; // set trigger element el = options.el; // wipe existing remoteImage state remoteImage = false; // set caption if provided captionContent = el.getAttribute('caption'); if (captionContent) { captionText[htmlInner] = captionContent; container[appendEl](caption); } // if vimeo or youtube video if (siteVidID) { toggleLoadingIcon(true); displayElement = iframeContainer; createIframe(!!options.ytSrc); } // if remote image else if (options.imgSrc) { remoteImage = true; imgSrc = options.imgSrc; cached = ~imgCache.indexOf(imgSrc); !cached && toggleLoadingIcon(true); displayElement = displayImage; displayElement.src = imgSrc; } // if direct video link else if (options.vidSrc) { toggleLoadingIcon(true); displayElement = displayVideo; displayElement.src = options.vidSrc; checkVid(); } // local image / background image already loaded on page else { displayElement = displayImage; // get img source or element background image displayElement.src = el.tagName === 'IMG' ? el.src : global.getComputedStyle(el).backgroundImage.replace(/^url|[(|)|'|"]/g, ''); } // add container to page container[appendEl](displayElement); doc.body[appendEl](container); }; // create all needed methods / store dom elements on first use function initialize() { // return close button elements function createCloseButton() { var el = doc[createEl]('button'); el.className = 'bp-x'; el[htmlInner] = '×' return el; } // imgCache holds displayed image urls to prevent loader on cached images imgCache = []; // add style // if you want to tweak, grab from doc head & run through beautifier var style = doc[createEl]('STYLE'); style[htmlInner] = '#bp_caption,#bp_container{bottom:0;left:0;right:0;position:fixed;opacity:0}#bp_container>*,.bp-x,#bp_loader{position:absolute;right:0}#bp_container{top:0;z-index:9999;background:rgba(0,0,0,.7);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .35s}#bp_loader{top:0;left:0;bottom:0;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;margin:0;cursor:wait;z-index:9}#bp_loader svg{40%;max-height:40%;margin:auto;' + webkitify('animation:', 'ldr .7s infinite linear;') + '}' + webkitifyKeyframes('keyframes ldr{to{' + webkitify('transform:', 'rotate(1turn);') + '}}') + '#bp_container img,#bp_sv,#bp_vid{max-height:96%;max-96%;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;margin:auto;box-shadow:0 0 3em rgba(0,0,0,.4);z-index:-1}#bp_sv{171vh}#bp_caption{font-size:.9em;padding:1.3em;background:rgba(15,15,15,.94);color:#fff;text-align:center;transition:opacity .3s}.bp-x{font-family:Arial;top:0;cursor:pointer;opacity:.8;font-size:3em;padding:0 .3em;color:#fff;background:transparent;border:0;text-shadow:0 0 2px #000}#bp_caption .bp-x{left:2%;top:auto;right:auto;bottom:100%;padding:0 .6em;background:#d74040;border-radius:2px 2px 0 0;font-size:2.3em;text-shadow:none}.bp-x:hover,.bp-x:focus{opacity:1}.bp-x:active{outline:0}@media (max-aspect-ratio:9/5){#bp_sv{height:53vw}}'; doc.head[appendEl](style); // create container element container = doc[createEl]('DIV'); container.id = 'bp_container'; container.onclick = close; closeButton = createCloseButton(); container[appendEl](closeButton); // create display image element displayImage = doc[createEl]('IMG'); // create display video element displayVideo = doc[createEl]('VIDEO'); displayVideo.id = 'bp_vid'; displayVideo.autoplay = true; displayVideo.controls = true; displayVideo.loop = true; // create caption elements caption = doc[createEl]('DIV'); caption.id = 'bp_caption'; captionHideButton = createCloseButton(); captionHideButton.onclick = function() { changeCSS(caption, 'opacity:0'); timeout(function() { captionContent = false; container[removeEl](caption); }, 300); } caption[appendEl](captionHideButton); captionText = doc[createEl]('SPAN'); caption[appendEl](captionText); // create loading icon element loadingIcon = doc[createEl]('DIV'); loadingIcon.id = 'bp_loader'; loadingIcon[htmlInner] = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 399 399"><path d="M341 58.5C303 20.8 253 0 199.6 0 146.4 0 96.2 20.8 58.5 58.5 20.8 96.2 0 146.5 0 199.7 0 253 20.8 303.2 58.5 341c37.7 37.6 88 58.4 141.2 58.4 53.3 0 103.5-20.8 141.2-58.5 37.6-37.8 58.4-88 58.4-141.3 0-53.3-20.8-103.5-58.5-141.2zm-13 12.8c34.3 34.3 53.2 80 53.2 128.4h-41c0-77.4-63-140.4-140.5-140.4-4.6 0-9 .2-13.6.7V18.7c4.6-.4 9-.5 13.7-.5 48.5 0 94 18.8 128.4 53zM199.8 322c-67.4 0-122.2-55-122.2-122.3S132.3 77.5 199.7 77.5 322 132.3 322 199.7 267 322 199.6 322z"/></svg>'; // create youtube / vimeo container iframeContainer = doc[createEl]('DIV'); iframeContainer.id = 'bp_sv'; // create iframe to hold youtube / vimeo player iframeSiteVid = doc[createEl]('IFRAME'); iframeSiteVid.allowFullscreen = true; iframeSiteVid.onload = open; changeCSS(iframeSiteVid, 'border:0px;height:100%;100%'); iframeContainer[appendEl](iframeSiteVid); // display image bindings for image load and error displayImage.onload = open; displayImage.onerror = open.bind(null, 'image'); // adjust loader position on window resize global[listenFor]('resize', function() { isLoading && toggleLoadingIcon(true); }); // close container on escape key press doc[listenFor]('keyup', function(e) { e.keyCode === 27 && isOpen && close(container); }); // trap focus within conainer while open doc[listenFor]('focus', function(e) { if (isOpen && !container.contains(e.target)) { e.stopPropagation(); closeButton.focus(); } }, true); // all done initialized = true; } // return transform style to make full size display el match trigger el size function getRect() { var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect(); var leftOffset = rect.left - (container[cWidth] - rect.width) / 2; var centerTop = rect.top - (container[cHeight] - rect.height) / 2; var scaleWidth = el[cWidth] / displayElement[cWidth]; var scaleHeight = el[cHeight] / displayElement[cHeight]; return webkitify('transform:', 'translate3D(' + leftOffset + 'px, ' + centerTop + 'px, 0) scale3D(' + scaleWidth + ', ' + scaleHeight + ', 0);'); } // create youtube / vimeo video iframe function createIframe(isYoutube) { // create appropriate url for youtube or vimeo var url = isYoutube ? 'www.youtube.com/embed/' + siteVidID + '?enablejsapi=1&html5=1&rel=0&showinfo=0&' : 'player.vimeo.com/video/' + siteVidID + '?'; // set iframe src to url iframeSiteVid.src = 'https://' + url + 'autoplay=1'; } // timeout to check video status while loading // onloadeddata event doesn't seem to fire in less up-to-date browsers like midori & epiphany function checkVid() { if (displayElement.readyState === 4) open(); else if (displayVideo.error) open('video'); else checkVidTimeout = timeout(checkVid, 35); } // hide / show loading icon function toggleLoadingIcon(bool) { // don't show loading icon if noLoader is specified if (noLoader) return; // bool is true if we want to show icon, false if we want to remove // change style to match trigger element dimensions if we want to show bool && changeCSS(loadingIcon, 'top:' + el.offsetTop + 'px;left:' + el.offsetLeft + 'px;height:' + el[cHeight] + 'px;' + el[cWidth] + 'px'); // add or remove loader from DOM el.parentElement[bool ? appendEl : removeEl](loadingIcon); isLoading = bool; } // animate open of image / video; display caption if needed function open(err) { // hide loading spinner isLoading && toggleLoadingIcon(); // execute animationStart callback animationStart && animationStart(); // check if we have an error string instead of normal event if (typeof(err) === 'string') { removeContainer(); return alert('Error: The requested ' + err + ' could not be displayed.'); } // if remote image is loaded, add url to imgCache array (remoteImage && !cached) && imgCache.push(imgSrc); // transform displayEl to match trigger el changeCSS(displayElement, getRect()); // fade in container changeCSS(container, 'opacity:1;' + pointerEventsAuto); // set animationEnd callback to run after animation ends (cleared if container closed) animationEnd = timeout(animationEnd, 410); isOpen = true; // enlarge displayEl, fade in caption if hasCaption timeout(function() { changeCSS(displayElement, webkitify('transition:', 'transform .35s;') + webkitify('transform:', 'none;')); captionContent && timeout(changeCSS.bind(null, caption, 'opacity:1'), 250); }, 60); } // close active display element function close(e) { var target = e.target; var clickEls = [caption, captionHideButton, displayVideo, captionText]; // blur to hide close button focus style target && target.blur(); // don't close if one of the clickEls was clicked or container is already closing if (isClosing || ~clickEls.indexOf(target)) { return; } // animate closing displayElement.style.cssText += getRect(); changeCSS(container, pointerEventsAuto); // timeout to remove els from dom; use variable to avoid calling more than once timeout(removeContainer, 350); // clear animationEnd timeout clearTimeout(animationEnd); isOpen = false; isClosing = true; } // remove container / display element from the DOM function removeContainer() { // remove container from DOM & clear inline style doc.body[removeEl](container); container[removeEl](displayElement); changeCSS(container, ''); // clear src of displayElement (or iframe if display el is iframe container) (displayElement === iframeContainer ? iframeSiteVid : displayElement) .removeAttribute('src'); if (captionContent) { changeCSS(caption, ''); container[removeEl](caption); } isClosing = false; } // style helper functions function changeCSS(element, newStyle) { element.style.cssText = newStyle; } function webkitify(prop, val) { var webkit = '-webkit-'; var propVal = prop + val; return webkit + propVal + prop + webkit + val + propVal; } function webkitifyKeyframes(css) { return '@-webkit-' + css + '@' + css; } })();
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