介绍
以Northwind为示例数据库,使用asp.net mvc 1.0实现添加操作、查询操作、更新操作和删除操作
示例
1、
Model(使用ADO.NET Entity Framework做ORM)
CategorySystem.cs(业务逻辑)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
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namespace MVC.Models
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{
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/**//// <summary>
/// MVC 之 Model
/// Category 业务层逻辑
/// </summary>
public class CategeorySystem
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{
// Northwind 的 ObjectContext
private NorthwindEntities ctx = new NorthwindEntities();
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/**//// <summary>
/// 获取 Category 列表
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<Categories> GetCategory()
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{
return ctx.Categories.ToList();
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 获取 Category 实体
/// </summary>
/// <param name="categoryId">类别 ID</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Categories GetCategory(int categoryId)
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{
return ctx.Categories.FirstOrDefault(p => p.CategoryID == categoryId);
}
}
}
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ProductSystem.cs(业务逻辑)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
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namespace MVC.Models
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{
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/**//// <summary>
/// MVC 之 Model
/// Product 业务层逻辑
/// </summary>
public class ProductSystem
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{
// // Northwind 的 ObjectContext
private NorthwindEntities ctx = new NorthwindEntities();
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/**//// <summary>
/// 获取产品列表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pageIndex">页索引</param>
/// <param name="pageSize">页大小</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<Products> GetProduct(int pageIndex, int pageSize)
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{
return ctx.Products.OrderBy(p => p.ProductID).Skip(pageIndex * pageSize).Take(pageSize).ToList();
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 获取产品
/// </summary>
/// <param name="productId">产品 ID</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Products GetProduct(int productId)
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{
return ctx.Products.FirstOrDefault(p => p.ProductID == productId);
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 新增产品
/// </summary>
/// <param name="product">产品的 Entity</param>
public void AddProduct(Products product)
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{
ctx.AddToProducts(product);
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 删除产品
/// </summary>
/// <param name="product">产品的 Entity</param>
public void DeleteProduct(Products product)
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{
product.Order_Details.Load();
ctx.DeleteObject(product);
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 在此对象的上下文中保存修改(增/删/改的操作)
/// </summary>
public void Save()
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{
ctx.SaveChanges();
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 在此对象的上下文中创建 EntityKey
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entitySetName">实体集的名称</param>
/// <param name="entity">实体</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public System.Data.EntityKey CreateEntityKey(string entitySetName, object entity)
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{
return ctx.CreateEntityKey(entitySetName, entity);
}
}
}
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ValidationEntity.cs(合法性验证)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
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namespace MVC.Models
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{
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/**//// <summary>
/// 验证信息的实体
/// </summary>
public class ValidationEntity
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{
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/**//// <summary>
/// 验证的错误信息
/// </summary>
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public string ErrorMessage
{ get; set; }
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/**//// <summary>
/// 产生错误信息的属性名称
/// </summary>
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public string PropertyName
{ get; set; }
public ValidationEntity(string errorMessage)
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{
ErrorMessage = errorMessage;
}
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public ValidationEntity(string errorMessage, string propertyName)
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{
ErrorMessage = errorMessage;
PropertyName = propertyName;
}
}
}
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Product.cs(合法性验证)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
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namespace MVC.Models
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{
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/**//// <summary>
/// 扩展 Product 实体
/// 主要是为了对 Product 实体的各个属性做输入的合法性验证
/// </summary>
public partial class Products
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{
List<ValidationEntity> info = new List<ValidationEntity>();
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/**//// <summary>
/// 对 Product 实体所做的修改是否通过了合法性验证
/// </summary>
public bool IsValid
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{
get
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{
return GetValidation().Count() == 0;
}
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 返回验证信息列表
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<ValidationEntity> GetValidation()
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{
return info;
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 重写部分方法 OnProductNameChanging
/// 用于在 ProductName 属性改变前,对其做合法性验证
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value"></param>
partial void OnProductNameChanging(string value)
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{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
info.Add(new ValidationEntity("请输入产品名称", "ProductName"));
}
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/**//// <summary>
/// 重写部分方法 OnUnitPriceChanging
/// 用于在 UnitPrice 属性改变前,对其做合法性验证
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value"></param>
partial void OnUnitPriceChanging(global::System.Nullable<decimal> value)
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{
if (value == null)
info.Add(new ValidationEntity("请输入单价", "UnitPrice"));
else if (((decimal)value) > 100)
info.Add(new ValidationEntity("输入的单价过高", "UnitPrice"));
}
}
}
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2、
ControllerProductController.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;
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using MVC.Models;
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namespace MVC.Controllers
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{
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/**//// <summary>
/// MVC 之 Controller
/// 这里体现了 Convention over Configuration
/// Controller 类必须以字符串 Controller 做类名称的结尾,字符串 Controller 之前的字符串为 Controller 的名称,类中的方法名为 Action 的名称
/// 例如 ProductController, Controller 的名称为:Product;其中的 Action 名称有 Index, Details, Edit 等
/// </summary>
public class ProductController : Controller // 需要继承自 System.Web.Mvc.Controller 或者实现 IController 接口
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{
ProductSystem ps = new ProductSystem();
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// Action 的返回值必须为 ActionResult 或 void
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/**//// <summary>
/// 获取 Product 的列表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pageIndex">页索引</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult Index(int pageIndex)
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{
int pageSize = 10;
var products = ps.GetProduct(pageIndex, pageSize);
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// 此 Action 对应的 View 为(按查找的先后顺序) Views/Product/Index.aspx, Views/Product/Index.ascx, Views/Shared/Index.aspx, Views/Shared/Index.ascx
// 其所对应的 View 的关联对象为 products
return View("Index", products);
}
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public ActionResult Details(int id)
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{
var product = ps.GetProduct(id);
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if (product == null)
return View("NotFound");
else
// 对应的 View 的名称默认为 Action 的名称,所以此处所对应的 View 的名称为 Details
return View(product);
}
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public ActionResult Edit(int id)
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{
var product = ps.GetProduct(id);
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if (product == null)
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{
return View("NotFound");
}
else
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{
product.CategoriesReference.Load();
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// 编辑 Product 的时候需要在一个 DropDownList 中选择其所对应的 Category, 所以这里要构造一个名为 CategoryAll 的 ViewData
// 因为 Categories 已经是 Product 的属性了,所以这里的 ViewData 的 key 不能为 Categories
if (product.Categories == null)
ViewData["CategoryAll"] = new SelectList(new CategeorySystem().GetCategory(), "CategoryId", "CategoryName");
else
ViewData["CategoryAll"] = new SelectList(new CategeorySystem().GetCategory(), "CategoryId", "CategoryName", product.Categories.CategoryID);
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return View("Edit", product);
}
}
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// 可以用 AcceptVerbs 来声明 Action 所对应的 http 方法
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult Edit(int id, FormCollection formValues)
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{
var product = ps.GetProduct(id);
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// 可以通过这种方式一一为 Product 对象的属性赋值
// product.ProductName = Request.Form["ProductName"];
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// 也可以通过 UpdateModel, 让系统自动为属性赋值(通过反射的方式,取得对象的属性名称,然后和 Request 的 key 做匹配,匹配成功的则赋值)
UpdateModel<Products>(product);
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var category = new CategeorySystem().GetCategory(int.Parse(Request.Form["MyCategory"]));
product.CategoriesReference.EntityKey = ps.CreateEntityKey("Categories", category);
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// 通过以下的方式让 UpdateModel 只更新指定属性
// string[] allowedProperties = new[] { "ProductName", "UnitPrice" };
// UpdateModel(product, allowedProperties);
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if (!product.IsValid)
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{
foreach (var validation in product.GetValidation())
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{
// 设置验证信息
ModelState.AddModelError(validation.PropertyName, validation.ErrorMessage);
}
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if (product.Categories == null)
ViewData["CategoryAll"] = new SelectList(new CategeorySystem().GetCategory(), "CategoryId", "CategoryName");
else
ViewData["CategoryAll"] = new SelectList(new CategeorySystem().GetCategory(), "CategoryId", "CategoryName", product.Categories.CategoryID);
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return View(product);
}
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ps.Save();
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// 跳转到指定的 Action
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return RedirectToAction("Details", new
{ id = product.ProductID });
}
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public ActionResult Create()
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{
Products product = new Products()
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{
ProductName = "请输入产品名称"
};
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return View(product);
}
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// 可以为参数添加声明,如下例:[Bind(Include = "ProductName")],客户端提交的数据中,只有 ProductName 会被绑定到 Product 对象上
// [Bind(Include = "ProductName")] 这样的 attribute 也可以声明在类上,用于指定类中需要被绑定的属性
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult Create([Bind(Include = "ProductName")] Products product)
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{
if (!product.IsValid)
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{
foreach (var issue in product.GetValidation())
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{
ModelState.AddModelError(issue.PropertyName, issue.ErrorMessage);
}
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return View(product);
}
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ps.AddProduct(product);
ps.Save();
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return RedirectToAction("Details", new
{ id = product.ProductID });
}
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public ActionResult Delete(int id)
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{
var product = ps.GetProduct(id);
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if (product == null)
return View("NotFound");
else
return View(product);
}
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[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult Delete(int id, string confirmButton)
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{
var product = ps.GetProduct(id);
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if (product == null)
return View("NotFound");
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ps.DeleteProduct(product);
ps.Save();
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return View("Deleted");
}
}
}3、
View(以列表页为例)Index.aspx
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<%
@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<IEnumerable<MVC.Models.Products>>" %>
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<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server">
Index
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server">
<h2>
Index</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>
</th>
<th>
ProductID
</th>
<th>
ProductName
</th>
<th>
UnitPrice
</th>
</tr>
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<%
// 因为本页集成了 System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<IEnumerable<MVC.Models.Products>>
// 所以这里的 Model 就是 System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<IEnumerable<MVC.Models.Products>> 的 Model 属性
foreach (var item in Model)
{ %>
<tr>
<td>
<!--这里的 Html 属性类型为 System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper-->
<%= Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id = item.ProductID })%>
|
<%= Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id = item.ProductID }) %>
</td>
<td>
<%= Html.ActionLink(item.ProductID.ToString(), "Details", new { id=item.ProductID })%>
</td>
<td>
<%= Html.Encode(item.ProductName) %>
</td>
<td>
<%= Html.Encode(String.Format("{0:F}", item.UnitPrice)) %>
</td>
</tr>
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<%
} %>
</table>
<p>
<%= Html.RouteLink("上一页", "Products", new { pageIndex = Convert.ToInt32(Html.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["pageIndex"]) - 1 })%>
|
<%= Html.RouteLink("下一页", "Products", new { pageIndex = Convert.ToInt32(Html.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["pageIndex"]) + 1 })%>
</p>
</asp:Content>