介绍
asp.net mvc 之 Controller 和 Action
- Controller 类必须以字符串 "Controller" 做类名称的结尾,字符串 Controller 之前的字符串为 Controller 的名称,类中的方法名为 Action 的名称
- Action 可以没有返回值。如果 Action 要有返回值的话,其类型必须是 ActionResult
示例
1、Controller/Action
ControllerDemoController.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax;

using System.IO;

namespace MVC.Controllers


{

/**//// <summary>
/// Controller 类必须以字符串 "Controller" 做类名称的结尾,字符串 Controller 之前的字符串为 Controller 的名称,类中的方法名为 Action 的名称
/// </summary>
public class ControllerDemoController : Controller

{
// [NonAction] - 当前方法仅为普通方法,不解析为 Action
// [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] - 声明 Action 所对应的 http 方法


/**//// <summary>
/// Action 可以没有返回值
/// </summary>
public void Void()

{
Response.Write(string.Format("<span style='color: red'>{0}</span>", "void"));
}


/**//// <summary>
/// 如果 Action 要有返回值的话,其类型必须是 ActionResult
/// EmptyResult - 空结果
/// </summary>
public ActionResult EmptyResult()

{
Response.Write(string.Format("<span style='color: red'>{0}</span>", "EmptyResult"));
return new EmptyResult();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.Redirect() - 转向一个指定的 url 地址
/// 返回类型为 RedirectResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult RedirectResult()

{
return base.Redirect("~/ControllerDemo/ContentResult");
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.RedirectToAction() - 转向到指定的 Action
/// 返回类型为 RedirectToRouteResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult RedirectToRouteResult()

{
return base.RedirectToAction("ContentResult");
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.Json() - 将指定的对象以 JSON 格式输出出来
/// 返回类型为 JsonResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult JsonResult(string name)

{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);


var jsonObj = new
{ Name = name, Age = new Random().Next(20, 31) };
return base.Json(jsonObj);
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.JavaScript() - 输出一段指定的 JavaScript 脚本
/// 返回类型为 JavaScriptResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult JavaScriptResult()

{
return base.JavaScript("alert('JavaScriptResult')");
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.Content() - 输出一段指定的内容
/// 返回类型为 ContentResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult ContentResult()

{
string contentString = string.Format("<span style='color: red'>{0}</span>", "ContentResult");
return base.Content(contentString);
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.File() - 输出一个文件(字节数组)
/// 返回类型为 FileContentResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult FileContentResult()

{
FileStream fs = new FileStream(Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + "Content/loading.gif", FileMode.Open);
int length = (int)fs.Length;
byte[] buffer = new byte[length];
fs.Read(buffer, 0, length);
fs.Close();

return base.File(buffer, "image/gif");
}

// <summary>

/**//// Controller.File() - 输出一个文件(文件地址)
/// 返回类型为 FileContentResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult FilePathResult()

{
var path = Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + "Content/loading.gif";
return base.File(path, "image/gif");
}

// <summary>

/**//// Controller.File() - 输出一个文件(文件流)
/// 返回类型为 FileContentResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult FileStreamResult()

{
FileStream fs = new FileStream(Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + "Content/loading.gif", FileMode.Open);

return base.File(fs, @"image/gif");
}


/**//// <summary>
/// HttpUnauthorizedResult - 响应给客户端错误代码 401(未经授权浏览状态),如果程序启用了 Forms 验证,并且客户端没有任何身份票据,则会跳转到指定的登录页
/// </summary>
public ActionResult HttpUnauthorizedResult()

{
return new HttpUnauthorizedResult();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.PartialView() - 寻找 View ,即 .ascx 文件
/// 返回类型为 PartialViewResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult PartialViewResult()

{
return base.PartialView();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// Controller.View() - 寻找 View ,即 .aspx 文件
/// 返回类型为 ViewResult
/// </summary>
public ActionResult ViewResult()

{
// 如果没有指定 View 名称,则寻找与 Action 名称相同的 View
return base.View();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// 用于演示处理 JSON 的
/// </summary>
public ActionResult JsonDemo()

{
return View();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// 用于演示上传文件的
/// </summary>
public ActionResult UploadDemo()

{
return View();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// 用于演示 Get 方式调用 Action
/// id 是根据路由过来的;param1和param2是根据参数过来的
/// </summary>
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Get)]
public ActionResult GetDemo(int id, string param1, string param2)

{
ViewData["ID"] = id;
ViewData["Param1"] = param1;
ViewData["Param2"] = param2;

return View();
}


/**//// <summary>
/// 用于演示 Post 方式调用 Action
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// 可以为参数添加声明,如:[Bind(Include = "xxx")] - 只绑定指定的属性(参数),多个用逗号隔开
/// [Bind(Exclude = "xxx")] - 不绑定指定的属性(参数),多个用逗号隔开
/// [Bind] 声明同样可以作用于 class 上
/// </remarks>
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult PostDemo(FormCollection fc)

{
ViewData["Param1"] = fc["param1"];
ViewData["Param2"] = fc["param2"];

// 也可以用 Request.Form 方式获取 post 过来的参数

// Request.Form 内的参数也会映射到同名参数。例如,也可用如下方式获取参数
// public ActionResult PostDemo(string param1, string param2)

return View("GetDemo");
}


/**//// <summary>
/// 处理上传文件的 Action
/// </summary>
/// <param name="file1">与传过来的 file 类型的 input 的 name 相对应</param>
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult UploadFile(HttpPostedFileBase file1)

{
// Request.Files - 获取需要上传的文件。当然,其也会自动映射到同名参数
// HttpPostedFileBase hpfb = Request.Files[0] as HttpPostedFileBase;

string targetPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Upload", Path.GetFileName(file1.FileName));
file1.SaveAs(targetPath);

return View("UploadDemo");
}
}
}

2、Get 方式和 Post 方式调用 Controller 的 Demo
GetDemo.aspx

<%
@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server">
GetDemo
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server">
<h2>
GetDemo</h2>
<div>
<%= ViewData["ID"] %></div>
<div>
<%= ViewData["Param1"] %></div>
<div>
<%= ViewData["Param2"] %></div>
<form action="/ControllerDemo/PostDemo" method="post">
<input id="param1" name="param1" />
<input id="param2" name="param2" />
<input type="submit" value="submit" />
</form>
</asp:Content>

3、处理 JSON 的 Demo
JsonDemo.aspx

<%
@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server">
JsonDemo
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server">

<script src="http://www.cnblogs.com/Scripts/jquery-1.3.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script>


<script type="text/javascript">


$.ajaxSetup(
{
cache: false
});

$(document).ready(

function()
{

$('#loading').hide();

$('#btnFind').click(

function(event)
{
event.preventDefault();

$('#loading').show();

$.getJSON(
"/ControllerDemo/JsonResult", // 获取 JSON

{ name: $('#txtName')[0].value },

function(data)
{
$('#result').append("name: ");
$('#result').append(data.Name);
$('#result').append(" - ");
$('#result').append("age: ");
$('#result').append(data.Age);
$('#result').append("<br />");

$('#loading').hide();
}
)
}
)
}
)
</script>

<h2>
JsonDemo</h2>
<div style="margin: 20px 0px">
<input id="txtName" value="webabcd" />
<a href="#" id="btnFind">Find</a> <span id="loading" style="border: 1px solid #000000;
background-color: #FFFFCC; vertical-align: middle; padding: 6px">
<img src="http://www.cnblogs.com/Content/Images/loading.gif" alt="Loading" /> Loading
</span>
<div id="result" style="margin: 10px 0px" />
</div>
</asp:Content>

4、上传文件的 Demo
UploadDemo.aspx

<%
@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server">
UploadDemo
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server">
<h2>
UploadDemo</h2>
<!--action - 调用上传文件的 Action-->
<form action="/ControllerDemo/UploadFile" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" id="file1" name="file1" />
<input type="submit" id="upload" name="upload" value="上传" />
</form>
</asp:Content>